Situational

Leadership

"Only those who dare to fail greatly can ever

achieve greatly.
JFK
 Overview

Directive and Supportive Behavior

Leadership Variables
Situational Leadership II Model
Directive & Supportive Behavior
 Directive/Task Behavior
Involves:
Clearly Telling People
What to Do

How to Do It

Where to Do It

When to Do It

And Then Closely Supervising Their Performance

 Supportive/Relationship
Behavior
Involves:
Listening to People
Providing Support and Encouraging Their
Efforts
Facilitating Their Involvement in
Problem Solving and Decision Making
Leadership Variables
 Leadership Variables

Follower
Boss
Associates/Peers
Organization
Job Demands
Time
 Interim Summary

Directive/Supportive Behavior

Leadership Variables
Situational Leadership Model
(High) THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
S High Supportive and High Directive and
U Low Directive High Supportive
P Behavior Behavior
P
O
R
T
I
V S3 S2
E

B
E
S4 S1
H
A
V
I
O Low Supportive and High Directive and
R Low Directive Low Supportive
Behavior Behavior

(Low) DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR (High)

HIGH MODERATE LOW

D4 D3 D2 D1
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING

DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S) 8

 Subordinates
Development Level

Competence: Task, Knowledge and

Skills

Commitment: Motivation and Confidence

9
 Levels of Development

D1 - Enthusiastic Beginner

D2 - Disillusioned Learner

D3 - Reluctant Contributor

D4 - Peak Performer

15
 Levels of Development
D1
Low Competence, High Commitment

Enthusiastic Beginner
 Levels of Development
D2
Some Competence, Low Commitment

Disillusioned Learner
Levels of Development
D3
Moderate to High Competence,
Variable Commitment

Reluctant Contributor
 Levels of Development
D4
High Competence, High Commitment

Peak Performer
 Levels of Development
D1 - Low Competence, High Commitment Enthusiastic
Beginner

D2 - Some Competence, Low Commitment

Disillusioned Learner

D3 - Moderate to High Competence, Variable

Commitment Reluctant Contributor

D4 - High Competence, High Commitment Peak

Performer

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Development Level
is
Task Specific!
(High) THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
S High Supportive and High Directive and
U Low Directive High Supportive
P Behavior Behavior
P
O
R
T
I
V S3 S2
E

B
E
S4 S1
H
A
V
I
O Low Supportive and High Directive and
R Low Directive Low Supportive
Behavior Behavior

(Low) DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR (High)

HIGH MODERATE LOW

D4 D3 D2 D1
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
18
DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S)
 Directing

High Directive, Low Supportive

Leader Defines Roles of Followers
Problem Solving and Decision Making
Initiated by the Leader
One-way Communication

19
(High) THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
S High Supportive and High Directive and
U Low Directive High Supportive
P Behavior Behavior
P
O
R
T
I
V S3 S2
E

B
E
S4 S1
H
A
V
I
O Low Supportive and High Directive and
R Low Directive Low Supportive
Behavior Behavior

(Low) DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR (High)

HIGH MODERATE LOW

D4 D3 D2 D1
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
20
DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S)
 Coaching
High Directive, High Supportive
Leader Now Attempts to Hear Followers
Suggestions, Ideas, and Opinions
Two-way Communication
Control Over Decision Making Remains With
the Leader

21
(High) THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
S High Supportive and High Directive and
U Low Directive High Supportive
P Behavior Behavior
P
O
R
T
I
V S3 S2
E

B
E
S4 S1
H
A
V
I
O Low Supportive and High Directive and
R Low Directive Low Supportive
Behavior Behavior

(Low) DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR (High)

HIGH MODERATE LOW

D4 D3 D2 D1
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
22
DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S)
 Supporting
High Supportive, Low Directive
Focus of Control Shifts to Follower
Leader Actively Listens
Follower Has Ability and Knowledge to
Do the Task

23
(High) THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
S High Supportive and High Directive and
U Low Directive High Supportive
P Behavior Behavior
P
O
R
T
I
V S3 S2
E

B
E
S4 S1
H
A
V
I
O Low Supportive and High Directive and
R Low Directive Low Supportive
Behavior Behavior

(Low) DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR (High)

HIGH MODERATE LOW

D4 D3 D2 D1
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
24
DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S)
 Delegating
Low Supportive, Low Directive
Leader Discusses Problems With Followers
Seeks Joint Agreement on Problem
Definitions
Decision Making Is Handled by the
Subordinate
They Run Their Own Show

25
(High) THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
S High Supportive and High Directive and
U Low Directive High Supportive
P Behavior Behavior
P
O
R
T
I
V S3 S2
E

B
E
S4 S1
H
A
V
I
O Low Supportive and High Directive and
R Low Directive Low Supportive
Behavior Behavior

(Low) DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR (High)

HIGH MODERATE LOW

D4 D3 D2 D1
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
26
DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S)
What Happens If We Have a
Mismatch of Leadership
Style With Development
Level?
 Increasing Follower
Development Level
Tell Them What You Want Them to Do
Show Them What You Want Them to Do
Let Them Try - There Is Some Risk
Observe Performance - Focus on the
Positive
Manage the Consequences
 Five Step to Training
Winners
Tell Them What You Want to Do
Show Them What You Want to Do
Let Them Try There is Some Risk
Observe Performance Focus on the
Positive
Manage the Consequences
 The Leaders Goal

Build Your Followers Development Level So You

Can Start Using Less Time-consuming Styles
(S3 and S4) and Still Get High Quality Results.
Situational Leadership is not something
you do TO people but something you do
WITH people.
 SUMMARY

Directive and Supportive Behavior

Leadership Variables
Situational Leadership II Model

"Opportunity is missed by most people because it is

dressed in overalls and looks like work." -- Thomas Edison
"Washington [D.C.] is a city of Southern
efficiency and Northern charm."
JFK

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