- Certain forms of human cancer are of viral origin.

Classes of Viruses
DNA Viruses
RNA Viruses
Oncogenic DNA Viruses

ADENOVIRUSES causes tumors only in

LABORATORY ANIMALS

BOVINE PAPILLOMAVIRUSES causes BENIGN and

MALIGNANT neoplasms in their natural host
Four Human DNA Viruses
Implicated in the Causation of
Human Cancer
1. Papilloma Viruses Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
2. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
3. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
4. Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV)

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) associated also with cancer

 Human
Papillomavirus
Eleazar T. Apilado
Human Papillomavirus

Approximately 70 genetically distinct types of HPV

have been identified.

BENIGN SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMAS (WARTS)

-HPV 1,2,3,4 and 7
Human Papillomavirus
a. SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
1. cervix sexually transmitted agent
2. angiogenital region

b. ORAL LARYNGEAL CANCERS

Human Papillomavirus
HPV 16
HPV 18

HPV 31 HPV 35
HPV 33 HPV 51

- found approximately in 85% of INVASIVE Squamous Cell

Cancers and their presumed precursors
(severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ)
Human Papillomavirus

HPV 6
HPV 11

- low risk types

- Causes genital warts with LOW malignant potential.
Human Papillomavirus
Molecular Analysis

Benign Warts & Preneoplastic Lesions

- HPV genome is maintained in an episomal form
(nonintegrated)

Cancers
- integrated into the host cell genome
Human Papillomavirus

Effects of HPV Proteins E6 & E7 on the Cell Cycle

HPV E6 ----] p53----> bax ---> APOPTOSIS

HPV E7 --------------] p21

Cyclin D / CDK4

RB-E2F GROWTH ARREST

Human Papillomavirus
E6 & E7 - early viral genes
Human Papillomavirus
COFACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CERVICAL
CANCER
1. Cigarette smoking
2. Coexisting microbial infection
3. Dietary deficiencies
4. Hormonal changes

Immunologic mechanism women (high proportion)

infected with HPV clear the infection