Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Agung Triatmojo
I11109007
INTRODUCTION
Dry eye occours when there is inadequate tear
volume or function, resulting in an unstable tear
film and ocular surface disease
Extremely common condition, particulary in
women and the elderly
Dry eye can occur if you are
missing any one!
SYMTOMS
Blurry and/or changeable vision
Transient visual obscuration, visual distress
Irritation, burning, redness
Light sensitive, itchy
Schimers test
Punctal plugs
Look at medications
Signs
Posterior Blepharitis :
Meibomian gland dysfunction Lid notching
Conjuntiva :
Redness, keratinization
SJGREN SYNDROME (4)
Tear film :
Normal eye: tear film breaks down the mucin layer
becomes contaminated with lipid
Dry eye: the lipid-contaminated mucin accumulates
Perforation with
iris plugging
Bacterial infection
SJGREN SYNDROME (7)
Investigation
To confirm and quantify a clinical diagnosis of dry
eye
The tests measure the following parameters:
Stability of the tear film as related to its break-up time
(BUT)
Tear production (Schirmer, fluorescein clearance & tear
osmolarity)
Ocular surface disease (corneal stains & impression
cytology)
No clinical test to confirm the diagnosis of
evaporative dry eye. Persumptive diagnosis based on
the presence of associated clinical findings
SJGREN SYNDROME (8)
Treatment
Generally not reversible
Control of symptoms and prevention of surface
damage
TEARS SUBSTITUTES
Drops and gels
Cellulose derivates (hypromellose,
methylcellulose), carbomer gels, polyvinyl
alcohol, diquafosol
Ointments
Paraffin, used at bedtime to supplement daytime
Eyelid sprays
Stabilize the tear film and reduce evaporation
Artificial tear insert
Emplaced once or twice daily
Mucolytic agents
Useful in patients with corneal filaments &
mucous plaque
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS
Topical steroids
Supplement for acute exacerbation
Omega fatty acid supplement