Technical English I

THE CLUTCH SYSTEM

Student: Cesar Arteaga Amen
Teacher: Lcdo. Raul Pesantes R. Msc
 THE CLUTCH

It is a system that allows both

transmitting and interrupting
the transmission of a
mechanical energy to its final
action voluntarily. In a car, for
example, it allows the driver to
control the transmission of
torque from the engine to the
wheels.
 Clutch operation

It consists of a set of parts located between the

engine and transmission devices, and ensures a
number of functions:

In the coupled position (or engaged") it transmits

the torque supplied by the engine. In a car, when
the clutch is engaged, the engine is linked to the
transmission.
In uncoupled (or "disengaged") position,
transmission is interrupted. In a car, the wheels
turn free or are stopped, and the engine can
continue to turn without transmitting this torque
to the wheels.
In the intermediate position the torque is
progressively transmitted, by skating.
Types of clutch

Clutch

Friction Electromagnetic

Hydraulic
 Friction Clutch

The friction clutch is composed of

two clearly differentiated parts, the
clutch disc and the pressure plate,
the most extended action of the
mechanism, system with which one
element is pressed against the other
and with which, therefore, controls
the transmission of torque, by
springs or by diaphragm. The two
types are formed by a pressure
plate, a housing and, depending on
the type, springs and actuating pins,
or a diaphragm
 Parts of the friction clutch
Pressure plate.
The pressure plate serves as coupling of the
assembly to the flywheel and is mounted
between the friction disk and the housing.
Case.
It is the element that serves as cover to the
clutch mechanism, by which this is fixed to the
flywheel by bolts.
Clutch disc.
This device is formed by a steel disc in which, by
means of rivets, the linings of friction material
are fastened, in such a way that the head of the
rivets are embedded so that they do not rub
against the surface of the seat of the flywheel.
The friction material can be aramid or glass
fibers
Clutch bearing.
Also called axial bearing or clutch collar, is the
element by which the mechanism is operated. It
is a ball bearing that slides on the section of the
primary shaft located in the gearbox hood.
Diaphragm
Is constituted by a steel disc, of conical shape, in
which some racial cuts are made in the form of
grooves, and whose elasticity causes the
necessary pressure to maintain the pressure
plate against the clutch disc.
Parts of the friction clutch
Types of clutch actuation
Hydraulic drive.
In this system, to move the bearing and
therefore the entire mechanism, a cylinder
emitter (or pump) and a cylinder receiver (or
cylinder),are communicated with each other
through a pipe. The system works by means
of the movement of some pistons located
inside the cylinders, movement that is
effected through a liquid. When we press the
clutch pedal, it acts directly on the emitting
cylinder, displacing its piston.
Mechanical drive
It is based on the actuation of the clutch system
by means of a steel cable connected at one end
to the clutch pedal, and on the other to a clutch
fork, which in turn is connected to the clutch
bearing. When the pedal is pressed, the cable
pulls the fork, applying an effort capable of
displacing the clutch bearing, in turn deforming
the diaphragm of the mechanism with the
consequent disengagement of the system.
Types of clutch actuation
 Hydraulic clutch
The pump and the turbine have the shape of a semitoroid are
divided by some partitions called fins. All this is enclosed in a
waterproof case filled with oil, leaving the pump and turbine in
Hydraulic clutches a small space, so that no contact between them occurs at any
characterize by using a
fluid to achieve hydraulic time.
power by means of a
centrifugal pump that is
transmitted to a turbine,
with almost zero wear
and an extremely
smooth operation.

Parts:
Turbine
Pump
Housing
Electromagnetic clutch

Parts:
Armature When the clutch is actuated, current flows
Rotor through the electromagnet producing a
Hub magnetic field. The rotor portion of the
Field/coil clutch becomes magnetized and sets up a
magnetic loop that attracts the armature.
The armature is pulled against the rotor
and a frictional force is generated at
contact. Within a relatively short time, the
load is accelerated to match the speed of
the rotor, thereby engaging the armature
and the output hub of the clutch.