Show that care for the

environment
contributes to health,
well-being and sustainable
development
How does environmental health affect economic
developtment?
A healthy population is essential for economic developtment.
The poorest people on the planet tend to suffer most from the health effects
from exposures to environmental hazards like air pollution and impure power.
Disease and disability related to polluted environments slows and blocks
economic developtment
In addition to its toll on human suffering,illness carries significantfinancial
burden in form of healthcare expenditures and lost productivity.
How does economic developtment affect
environmental health?
Economic development has led to tremendous improvements in people's well
being,but often at the expense of the environment
Industrializationhas contributed to pollution of air and water,changing dietary
patterns,and shifting patterns of transportation and lad use.
Globalization and the large geographic scale over which rapid
industrialization is occuring make these environmental health problems
global health problems

What is sustainable development

Sustainable development is frequently defined as development that meets
the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
How can environmental health be integrated into
sustainable development?
Protecting and creating healthy environments is a critical component of
sustainable development.Environmental health can be integrated into
sustainable development by:
Improving environmental quality for the poorest populationwith the greatest
burden of enviromental disease,by redusing exposures to air pollution in
homes and villages from biomass burning,and providing clean water and
sanitation.
Recognizing that some policies,practices,and technologies designed to
promote sustainability and economic development may have unintended
adverse environmental health effects,and attempting to prevent or mitigate
these before they are implemented.
Sustainability,Well-being,and Economic Growth
The relationship between economic growth,human well-being,and the achievement of a
sustainable fututre has long and complex intellectual history.The american
conservationist Gifford Pinchot emphasized:the right of the present generation to use
what it needs and all it needs of the natural resources now available equally our
obligation so to use what we need that our decendants shall not be deprived of
what they need.

This language strikingly anticipates the seminal work of the World Commision on
Environment and Development(WCED),which defined sustainable development as a
process that meets present needs without compromizing the ability of future
generation to meet their own needs
A contrasting perspective on the challenge of reconciling economic activity ,social
welware,and the needs of future generations was put forward by Donella H.
Meadows,Dennis L. Meadows,Jorgen Randers, and William W. Behrens,lll,in their
1972 book,The Limits to Growth.
Avoiding catastrope would be possible if and only if:

1. Human fertility was limited to the replacement rate to stabilize population

2. Natural resource use and pollution per unit of industrial output was cut by
atleast 75 percent.
3. Industrial production was stabilized at the level prevailing in the late
twentieth century
4. Goods and services were distributed from the rich to the poor to provide a
high quality of life for all members of the global community.
5. The legacy of The Limits to Growth study continues to have very
considerable implications for environmental policy,in part because of the
powerful appeal of the study's apocalypes or renewalrhetorical framing in
the context of the contemporary sustainability.
6.In response,crtics argue that,because economics growth is fundamental to
the improvement of
human welfare,policies that negatively affect economic growth are unworkable
and undesirable
7.This contextualization of the issue has led to policy gridlock grounded in an
underlying ideological disagreement.
8.Economic growth provides a mix benefits and cost of terms of its contribution
to human well-being.
9.Taken together,these arguments suggest that the contestation over what Daly.
10.Termed growthmaniapresents a rather delicate set of issues.On the one
hand,a narrow emphasis on growth can and sometimes does lead to failure to
implement policies even in cases where the long run benefits exceed the short
run costs as measured using conventional economic tools.
11.On the other hand,presenting growth as the core problem and the
cessationof growth as the solution may actual serve to reinforce the political
influence of the pro-growth narrative,since it forces decision-makers to frame
things of an either/or choices
 Sustainable social care: the natural
environment
The natural environment plays an important part in
promoting and maintaining health and wellbeing. It can also
aid recovery from ill health.
How does the natural environment improve health and help reduce
health inequalities?
Numerous studies point to the many benefits of green space for both
physical and mental health.
This has been expressed in terms of an improvement in blood pressure,
cholesterol, restoration, perceived general health and ability to face
problems.

Physical health
Local access to safe natural green space is associated with high levels of
physical activity, (Bird, 2004, Cohen et al, 2007, Health Council of the
Netherlands, 2004), and lower levels of obesity within communities (Ellaway
et al, 2005).
Mental health and resilience
The increased level of physical activity associated with green space also has mental
health benefits (Pretty et al 2007, Mind 2007).
Mental health charity Mind found that self-esteem levels increased and depression
levels decreased following a green walk (Mind, 2007).
The increased physical activity (Ellaway et al, 2005, Cohen et al, 2007) and social
cohesion (Kuo et al, 1998, Lewis, 1996), associated with access to green space are
known to increase resilience to stress.

Air quality, pollution and climate change

There is a strong link between poor air quality and poor health and premature
mortality.
Green space and vegetation have a proven positive effect on air quality.
. One study (Gill et al, 2007) found that an additional ten green spaces can also
mitigate urban heat islands by up to 4C (7F), offering help with climate change.
 Active travel
Accessible green space provides an incentive for walking and cycling.
Walking or cycling can be a quicker and lower cost alternative to the car or public
transport for short trips, and are often the easiest ways for most people to get more
physically active, as well as increasing access to jobs and services for many.

Social capital and cohesion

Natural spaces offer opportunities for relaxation (Royal Commission on
Environmental Pollution, 2007b), and have been shown to facilitate higher levels of
social contact and social integration (Coley et al, 1997, Sullivan et al, 2004),
particularly in underprivileged neighbourhoods (Pretty et al, 2007, Sullivan et al,
2004).
Studies have shown that access to a natural environment provides a meeting place
for all ages and has a positive effect on social interaction and cohesion for different
age groups (Bird, 2007).
 Health inequalities
The Marmot Review sets out how the physical as well as social characteristics of
communities, and the degree to which these enable and promote healthy
behaviours, contribute to inequalities in health (The Marmot Review, 2010).

Nature and the elderly

There is evidence that contact with nature is valued very highly by the elderly,
including fresh air and sensory experience: sight, smell, touch and hearing
. As an elderly persons world is reduced as they become less active, access to
even a small pocket of nature will be important.
Contact with nature significantly improves concentration, and, for people with
dementia, it can introduce positive experience, improve their sense of coherence
and reduce aggression and agitation (Bird, 2004).
Benefits to social care service users: case studies
The Marmot Review recommends public policy which improves the
availability of good quality open and green spaces across the social gradient
They demonstrate how contact with nature and environmental activity
contribute to positive social care outcomes.
1. What is sustainable development?
2. Who is the american conservationist who emphasized:
the right of the present generation to use what it needs and all it
needs of the natural resources now available equally our obligation so
to use what we need that our decendants shall not be deprived of what
they need.
3. Define Sustainable social care: the natural environment