Non-Isothermal Reactors

Homework: Problem 8-6

How Does this Effect the Method

Mole Balance (MB):

=

Rate Law (RL):

= 2 2
Stoichiometry (SC):
0 1 0
= 0 1 =
1+ 0
What do we have to add? Ex. 8-1

Adiabatic PFR, , X = 70%

MB: = 0 = 0 0
0
1 1
RL: = = 1 exp
1

SC: = 0 1
1
CB: = 0 1
= 0
0

EB: = 0

Solving Energy Balance

Energy Balance

= + | |

Rate of Heat Flow in by heat transfer (J/s)
:
Rate of Work Done by system on surroundings (J/s)
:
: Molar Flow Rate of species i (mol/s)
: Energy per Mole of species i (J/mol) | |

Solving Energy Balance cont.

Work Term
= | + |
: Shaft Work (J/s)
: Pressure (Pa)
: Specific Molar Volume of species i (m3/mol)
Solving Energy Balance cont.

Substituting

= + + | ( + )|

= ; = +

= + | |

: Internal Energy of species i

: Enthalpy of species i
Steady State Flow Reactor

0 = + 0 0

Combining in and out terms

= + + +

= 0 1 ; = 0


= 0 + ; = 0 +

Steady State Flow Reactor cont.

0 0

= 0 (0 ) 0 +

= +

Substitute back into original balance
0 = + 0 (0 ) 0

Due to flow in and out Due to a reaction happening

Steady State Flow Reactor cont.

Dealing with enthalpy

= +

Assuming Cps dont change significantly with T

= + ( )

= + ( ) =
 Steady State Flow Reactor cont.

0 = + 0 (0 ) 0

Substituting to get the General Energy Balance

0 = + 0 (0 ) 0 +

Due to Heat Transfer Due to flow in and out Due to a reaction happening
Steady State Adiabatic Rxn

= 0 ; = 0

0 + = 0 (0 )

Solving for X
(0 )
=
+

Solving for T

0 +
=
i CPi T0 +
Steady State Adiabatic Algorithm

MB: = 0 = 0 0
0

1 1
RL: = = 1 exp
1

SC: = 0 1 = 0 +

If only A enters and Cp=0

0

EB: = 0 - This assumes that only A is entering the

reactor. Otherwise the sum of Cps times
s for everything flowing in would be in
the denominator.
How Do We Solve??

Numerical Method
Use steps

ODE Solver
Polymath
Mathcad
MATLAB
Numerical Method

PFR:

0
=
0
Simpsons Rule:

0 3 0 0 0 0 3
= = +3 +3 + ; =
0 8 = 0 1 2 3 3
CSTR:
0
=

Example 8-3, page 490 4th edition

MB: = 0 = 0 0
0

1 1
RL: = ( ) = 1 exp
1

0
1 1
= 2 exp =
2 1+

SC: = 0 1 = 0
0

EB: = 0

Happy Halloween!

Homework: Problem 8-6

Table 8-1 Energy Balances of Common Reactors

Page 476 in 4th Edition