3-D figures

Reflectional Symmetry
For 2D figure:
If a plane figure can be divided by a line into
two identical parts and these parts are mirror
images of each other, then we say that the
figure has reflectional symmetry.

axis of symmetry->
 Reflectional Symmetry
For 3D- figure:
If a solid is evenly
divided into two parts by
a plane, the two parts are the
mirror images of each other.
This solid is said to have the
property of reflectional
symmetry and the plane is
called the plane of reflection.
Cube
How many planes
of reflection of a
cube?

There are totally

9 planes of
reflection for a cube
Tetrahedron
1 2

How many planes

of reflection of a
tetrahedron?
4
3

There are totally

6 planes of
reflection for a
tetrahedron 5 6
 Rotational symmetry
If a solid coincides with itself n times
(where n 2) when it is rotated one
revolution about an axis inside the solid,
the solid is said to have n-fold rotational
symmetry about the axis, and the axis is
called an axis of rotation.
Note: Cube (3D) has rotational
symmetry but square (2D) has not
Cube
How many axes
rotational symmetry
axes of a cube?

There are
13 rotational
Symmetry axes
Tetrahedron
How many axes
rotational symmetry
axes of a
tetrahedron?
There are 7
Rotational
symmetry
axes
 Orthographical Projection
An orthographic projection uses three plane
figures to illustrate the shape of a solid.
These plane figures show the front view,
the side view and the top view of the solid.
Front view - viewing the object from the front.
Side view - viewing the object from the side.
Top view - viewing the object from the top.
Pyramid Front view :

Side view :

Top view :
Nets of solids
A net is a plane figure that can be folded into
a solid.
 Euler Formula
V: number of vertices = 4
E: number of edges = 6
F: number of faces = 4

V- E + F = 2
END