New Progress in Junior Mathematics (Second Edition)

4 Decimals

Decimal number Recurring decimal number

Place value

1. A fraction can be converted to a decimal number by division. For example:

13
13 20 0.65
20

2. For recurring decimal numbers, only the first and the last digits of the recurring part have the
dot signs. For example:


34
2.0534534534... 2.05

8
3. For 3.87, 8 is in the tenth place, which represents (or 0.8); 7 is in the hundredth place,
10
7
which represents
(or 0.07).
100
8 7
3.878 0.87 0.07
10 100

4. If we want to round off a number to a particular place value, we should first consider the
digit on the right of that place value.

(a) If that digit is greater than or equal to 5, add 1 to the digit of that particular place value
and replace all digits after it with 0. For example:
5 1 0

28.35 28.40 28.4 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
(b) If that digit is less than 5, replace all digits after the digit of that particular place value
with 0. For example:
5 0
28.34 28.30 28.3 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

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Tips for Students

15
0.4 66
7.0 00
6.0
1.0 0
0.9 0
1 00
90
10

25 1
1. (a) Convert and 3 to decimal numbers.
8 4
25 1
3
8 4
25 1
(b) Hence, arrange , 3 and 3.18 in ascending order.
8 4
25 1
3 3.18
8 4

Solution:
25
(a) 25 8 3.125
8
1 1
3 3 3.25
4 4

(b) Since 3.125 < 3.18 < 3.25, 3.125 < 3.18 < 3.25
25 1
3.18 3
8 4

1 17
17 8 2.125
8
17 1
Arrange , 2.13 and 2 in descending order. 1 1
2 2 2.3
8 3
3 3
17 1 2.13 2.125,
Since 2.3
2.13 2
8 3 1 17
2 2.13
3 8
7 7
2. Convert 1 to a recurring decimal. 1
15 15

Solution:
7
1 1 7 15
15
1 0.4666...
1.46

2
11 11
Convert 3 to a recurring decimal. 3
12 12 11
3 3 + 11 12
12
3 + 0.91666

3.916

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 4 Decimals

Tips for Students

Amount spent on buying pens

$(41.4 18.6)

6
3. Convert 4
13
to a decimal number and give the answer correct to 1 decimal place.
6
4
13

Solution:
6
4 4 6 13
13
4 0.46...
4.46...
4 .5 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

3
11
Convert 8 to a decimal number and give the answer correct to 2 decimal places.
14
11
8 11
14 8 8 + 11 14
14
8 + 0.7857
4. Round off 6.3562 to 1 decimal place. 8.7857
6.3562 8.79 (cor. to 2 d. p.)

Solution:
6.3562 6.4 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

4
Round off 6.3562 to 2 decimal places.
6.3562 6.36 (cor. to 2 d. p.)
6.3562

5. Mary spends $41.4 on a pencil case and some pens. The cost of a pencil case and a pen are
$18.6 and $3.8 respectively. How many pens does Mary buy?
$41.4 $18.6 $3.8

Solution:
Number of pens bought
(41.4 18.6) 3.8
22.8 3.8
6

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New Progress in Junior Mathematics (Second Edition)

5
A carton of milk is sold at $13.6. If Mr. Lee pays $100 to buy 4 cartons of milk, what will be the
change?
$13.6 $100 4
Change $(100 13.6 4)
$(100 54.4)
$45.6

In each of the following (1 4), put a for the correct answer.

1 4
1. Which of the following decimal numbers is the largest?


B. 2.382
A. 2.378 C. 2.359 D. 1.94

2. Which of the following decimal numbers is the smallest?

A. 4.513 B. 4.60 C. 4.52 D. 5.97

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 4 Decimals

6
3. Convert 3 to a decimal number.
25
6
3


25
D. 3.24
A. 0.24 B. 3.06 C. 3.12

4. Round off 4.34938 to 1 decimal place.

4.34938

B. 4.3
A. 4.4 C. 4.35 D. 4.34

5. Convert the following fractions to decimal numbers.

9 17
(a) (b) 3
20 25
9 17
9 20 0.45 3 3 + 17 25 3.68
20 25

6. Convert the following fractions to decimal numbers. (Give the answers

correct to 1 decimal place.)







4 3
(a) (b) 4
7 13
4 3
0.57 4 4 + 3 13
7 13
0.6 (cor. to 1 d. p.) 4 + 0.23
4.2 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

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7. Convert the following fractions to decimal numbers. (Give the answers

correct to 2 decimal places.)







9 32
(a) 1 (b)
17 7
9 32
1 1 + 9 17 4.571
17 7
1 + 0.529 4.57 (cor. to 2 d. p.)

1.53 (cor. to 2 d. p.)

8. Convert the following decimal numbers to fractions. (Give the answers in

their simplest forms.)






(a) 0.6 (b) 3.8
6 3 3 8 4 34
0.6 3.8 3 +
10 5 5 10 5 5

(c) 0.35 (d) 1.52

35 7 7 52 13 1 13
0.35 1.52 1 +
100 20 20 100 25 25

9. Convert the following fractions to recurring decimals.

2 7
(a) (b) 4
3 33
2 7
0.666 4 4 + 0.2121
3 33

0.6 1
4.2

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 4 Decimals

10.

If the total area of the above diagram is 1, express the area of the shaded part in the
following formats.

1


(a) Fraction (b) Decimal
5
0.625
8

3 13
11. Arrange 4 , 4.41 and in ascending order.
8 3
3 13
4 4.41


8 3
3 13
4 4+38 4.333
8 3
4 + 0.375
4.375
13 3
4 4.41
3 8
5 3
12. Arrange 5 ,5 and 5.38 in descending order.
12 10
5 3
5 5 5.38
12 10
5 3
5 5 + 5 12 5
12 10
5.3
5 + 0.416
5.416
5 3
5 5.38 5
12 10

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13. Calculate each of the following.

(a) 0.35 1.89 3.6 (b) 3 1.8 0.79
0.35 + 1.89 + 3.6 3 1.8 + 0.79
2.24 + 3.6 1.2 + 0.79
= 5.84 = 1.99

(c) 7.2 3.5 (d) 12 2.5

7.2 3.5 = 25.2 12 2.5 4.8

14. Calculate each of the following.

(a) 6.8 3.5 12.9 (b) 16.1 2.8 4
6.8 3.5 + 12.9 16.1 2.8 4
23.8 + 12.9 16.1 11.2
= 36.7 = 4.9

(c) (3.7 1.8) 3 (d) 2.5 (12 4.6)

(3.7 + 1.8) 3 2.5 (12 4.6)
5.5 3 2.5 7.4
= 16.5 = 18.5

15. A ruler is sold at $4.8. Alan has $65. Find the greatest number of rulers that he can buy.
$4.8 $65

Number of rulers 65 4.8

13.54
Number of rulers that he can buy is 13.

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 4 Decimals

16. A hot dog is sold at $9.2. A chicken wing is $1.6 cheaper than a hot dog. Andy buys 2 hot
dogs and 3 chicken wings, how much should he pay?
$9.2 $1.6 2 3

Amount $[2 9.2 + (9.2 1.6) 3]
$(18.4 + 7.6 3)
$(18.4 + 22.8)
$41.2

17. A pack of sugar weighs 3.2 kg. After using 1.4 kg of sugar to make desserts, the remaining
sugar is divided equally as 0.6 kg per pack. How many packs of sugar can we get?
3.2 kg 1.4 kg
0.6 kg
Number of packs (3.2 1.4) 0.6
1.8 0.6
3

18. A toy car is sold at $18.8 and a toy plane is $2.6 more expensive than a toy car. How much
should we pay for 8 toy planes?
$18.8 $2.6 8

Amount $[(18.8 + 2.6) 8]
$(21.4 8)
$171.2

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