CH-13 ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS

 Measurements
of 1)Impedance
2)Radiation Pattern
3)Antenna beam width
4)Gain
5)Phase
6)Polarization
RADIATION PATTERN MEASUREMENT
 RADIATION PATTERN MEASUREMENT

 Radiation pattern means field strength at fixed distance from the

antenna as an function of direction.
 Use spherical co-ordinate XY- horizontal plane XZ-vertical plane


Antenna Type E-Plane pattern H-plane Pattern

Horizontal Antenna XY-plane, Ө=90, XZ-plane, Ө=vary,

ᴓ-vary ᴓ=0
Vertical Antenna XZ-plane, Ө=vary, XY-plane, Ө=90,
ᴓ=0 ᴓ-vary

 Horizontal Antenna used for the earth to earth communication.

 Vertical Antenna used for the earth and space.
 RADIATION PATTERN MEASUREMENT

 Fundamental Procedure:
 Antenna under Test (Primary Antenna)
 Receiving Antenna (Secondary Antenna)
Basic Two Procedure:
1) For low Frequency Measurement
Primary Antenna: Stationary
Secondary Rotate (moving)

2) For high Frequency Measurement

Primary Antenna: Moving (Constant Distance)
Secondary Rotate :Stationary
o For Continuous reading pattern recorder is also used.

o For the antenna rotation motor is also used.

ARRANGEMENT FOR RADIATION PATTERN
MEASUREMENTS
DISTANCE REQUIREMENT

Minimum Distance:

r≥(2d2 /λ)
Δ= Phase difference error

 (r+δ)2 =(d/2)2+r2
 r=(d2/8δ)
R=decrease then δ=increase, so higher minor lobe
UNIFORM REQUIREMENT

o Distance exactly equal to r

o No interference in between path (LOS)
o Mount the antenna on tall building.
GAIN MEASUREMENT
This method is based on Friss transmission formula.
PHASE MEASUREMENT
POLARIZATION MEASUREMENT
RESULTING PATTERNS

Elliptical Circular
Linear
IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT

Where Г=Reflection
Coefficient

Г=Reflected Wave
Incidence wave

 Zo= Free space

impedance