Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g.

lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater).

Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these

bodies of water; and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging
not only to individual species and populations, but also to the
natural biological communities.

Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly

or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to
remove harmful compounds.
1. Dumping of industrial wastes, containing heavy
metals, harmful chemicals, by-products, organic toxins
and oils, into the nearby source of water is one of the
visible causes of water pollution.

2. Another cause for the contamination of water is the

improper disposal of human and animal wastes.

3. Effluents from factories, refineries, injection wells and

sewage treatment plants are dumped into urban water
supplies, leading to water pollution.

4. A number of pollutants, both harmful and poisonous,

enter the groundwater systems through rain water.
5. The residue of agricultural practices, including fertilizers and
pesticides, are some of the major sources of water pollution.

6. Untreated pollutants are drained into the nearest water

body, such as stream, lake or harbor, causing water pollution.

7. Another major source of water pollution comprises of

organic farm wastes. When farm land, treated with pesticides
and fertilizers, is irrigated, the excess nitrogen and poisons get
mixed into the water supply, thereby contaminating it.

8. Pathogens, sediments and chemical pollutants are other

sources of water pollution.

9. The corporeal wastes produced by humans and farmed

organisms pollute rivers, lakes, oceans and other surface
waters.
1. A number of waterborne diseases are produced by the pathogens
present in polluted water, affecting humans and animals alike.

2. Pollution affects the chemistry of water. The pollutants, including

toxic chemicals, can alter the acidity, conductivity and temperature
of water.

3. Polluted municipal water supplies are found to pose a threat to

the health of people using them.

4. As per the records, about 14000 people perish or incur various

communicable diseases due to the consumption of contaminated
drinking water.

5. The concentration of bacteria and viruses in polluted water causes

increase in solids suspended in the water body, which, in turn, leads
to health problems.
6. Marine life becomes deteriorated due to water pollution. Lethal
killing of fish and aquatic plants in rivers, oceans and seas is an
aftereffect of water contamination only.

7. Diseases affecting the heart, poor circulation of blood and the

nervous system and ailments like skin lesion, cholera and diarrhea are
often linked to the harmful effects of water pollution.

8. Carcinogenic pollutants found in polluted water might cause

cancer.
Alteration in the chromosomal makeup of the future generation is
foreseen, as a result of water pollution.

9. Discharges from power stations reduce the availability of oxygen in

the water body, in which they are dumped
.
10. The flora and fauna of rivers, sea and oceans is adversely affected
by water pollution.
1. Bringing Awareness
Measure 1 is bringing awareness among people. So people must be against of
dumping wastes and sewage in to fresh water. They must force the
government to go for an alternate way like treating the sewage before
dumping. And people who dump wastes must be penalised
2. Leakages from Drainage Pipe Lines
Leakages from drainage pipe lines must be avoided. If this enters fresh water it
causes water pollution. So leakages must be avoided by repairing
immediately.

3. Industrial Wastes
Industrial wastes are the main cause of water pollution. They often dump all
these wastes in to near by lakes or rivers. So government must pass strict orders
not to dump wastes in to rivers. They must be provided with other options like
treatment of that wastes before dumping.
4. DON’T Use too much Pesticides
Farmers must take care and see that they don't use too much pesticides.
This will prevent runoffs of the material into nearby water sources.
5. Avoid Paint and Petroleum to Sinks
Do not throw paints or petroleum products in to your toilets or sinks. Since
paints and petroleum products cannot be treated they should not be
dumped i to sewage water as it results in long lasting effects.
6. Avoid Oil Spills in Oceans
Oil spills in ocean are one of the major contributors of water pollution. So
ships must transport oil only when weather conditions are good. During
storms ships must not be allowed to transport oil which might result in
shipwrecks and eventually oil spills.
Group members:
◦ Izzah
◦ Saimah
◦ Jeya
◦ Intan
◦ Tasnim