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ENVE542
Air Pollution Control Technologies
• Crystalline zeolite
• Uniform pores to selectively separate compounds by size & shape
a k1 P a kP n
k1 P
a P a
k2 P
•This equation is refferred to as a
Freundlich isotherm.
• Figure 12.2
18
ENVE542 GYTE Çevre Müh.
Adsorption Isotherm Data (AID)
• Other excellent sources for AID are the
various vendors of the adsorbent
• In the absence of experimental data on a
specific carbon, an equation developed by
Calgon Corporation which is a modification
of Dubinin-Radushkevich equation can be
used to estimate the adsorption capacity,
C or X
Vad
Db
x1 x2
• Where mg and mad are the mass flow rates of the gas phase
entering and solid phase leaving respectively, pad is the
apparent bulk density of the granular bed and f is the fraction
of void in the adsorbent
• Hence the mass flow rate of carrier gas is frequently air with
mass flow rate ma and density pa, the equation becomes:
.
m a C0
ad AVad X sat
a
Ce X sat Assume equilibrium at point 1, Ce=C0
.
m a C0 C0
ad AVad
a
. .
ma 1/ ( 1) / Va
Vad ( ) (C0 ) ( )1/ (C0 ) ( 1) /
a ad A ad
• Velocity of adsorption wave is dependent upon the shape of
the equilibrium curve (characterized by and ), inlet
pollutant gas concentration, the superfical velocity Va of the
air and the apparent density of the adsorption bed.
27
ENVE542 GYTE Çevre Müh.
Analysis of an Adsorption Wave
• To determine the thickness of the adsorption wave, develop a
relationship between C and x in the adsorption zone
.
Mp is the rate of mass transfer
. ma
d mp dC of pollutant gas onto the solid
a phase .
d m p KA(C Ce )dx
• Another independent equation .
DPg 3d p g 150(1 ) g
1.75
D(1 )G' 2
d pG'
DP: pressure drop (lb/ft2)
D: bed depth (ft)
: void fraction
G’: gas mass flux (lb/ft2-hr)
g: gas viscosity (lb/ft-hr)
dp: carbon particle diameter (ft)
D(1 )G' 2
d pG'
DP: pressure drop (lb/ft2)=?
D: bed depth (ft)=2
: void fraction=0.35
g: gas viscosity (lb/ft-hr)=0.047
dp: carbon particle diameter (ft)=0.011
PMW 1x 29
g 0.071lb / ft 3
RT 0.73x560
ft 3 min lb 1
G 7500 x60 x0.071 3 x 446lb / hr ft 2
min hr ft 12 x6 35
Solution
• a)Eq 12.13 DPg 3
d p g 150(1 ) g D: (ft)=2
: 0.35
1.75
D(1 )G' 2
d pG' g: 0.047
PMW 1x 29 dp: (ft)=0.011
g 0.071lb / ft 3
RT 0.73x560
ft 3 min lb 1
G 7500 x60 x0.071 3 x 446lb / hr ft 2
min hr ft 12 x6
DP (1 )G '2 150(1 ) g
1.75
D g d p g
3 d pG'
DP (1 0.35)446 2 150(1 0.35)(0.047)
8 3
1.75
2 4.17 x10 0.35 (0.011)(0.071) 0.011(446)
DP
24.85
2
49.7 406.8inH 2O
DP 49.7lbf / ft 2 x 9.5inH 2O
144 14.7 psi
36
Solution
D: (ft)=2
• a)Eq 12.14 : 0.35
g: 0.047
dp: (ft)=0.011
Superficial gas velocity=7500/(12x6) = 104 ft/min V = 104 ft/min
1.56
V
DP 0.37 L
100
1.56
104
DP 0.37 x 2
100
DP 9.4inH 2O
37
Solution
• a)Eq 12.13
R ad A
• Note that for a final design, the capacity factor woudl be determined
from experimental data
0.0001575hp
x5500acfmx24.5inH 2O
cfm inH 2O
blowerhp 35.4hp
0.60
SOLUTION
• Preliminary Specification Summary
Adsorber bed size=5.25 ft x 10.5 ft x 2 ft
Mass of carbon per bed=3308 lb
Steam Rqd=992lb/regenx24regen/day=23800
lb/day
Fan hp=35.4 hp (buy a 40 hp motor)