Study tool to use this chapter (pg 90)

Exponents
exponent

Power
5 3

base

Example: 125  53 means that 53 is the exponential

form of the number 125.

53 means 3 factors of 5 or 5 x 5 x 5
Writing Powers:
Exponential form:
The exponent of a power indicates how many times the base
multiplies itself.
x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x
n

n times

n factors of x

Example: 5  5  5  5
3
Writing Powers:
FACTOR FORM

2³ = 2 x 2 x 2

factors
Writing Powers:
STANDARD FORM

2³ = 2 x 2 x 2
4x2
8
 POWERS AND EXPONENTS
Exponent Form Factor Form Standard form

43 4x4x4 64

72 7x7 49

m4 mxmxmxm
 Positive OR Negative Base?

34 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 3
= 81

- 34 = - (3 x 3 x 3 x 3 )
= - 81
(-3)4 = -3 x -3 x -3 x -3 = 81

(-2)5 = -2 x -2 x -2 x -2 x -2 = -32

-(-3)4 = -(-3 x -3 x -3 x -3) = -81

Exponent Laws
 MULTIPLYING WITH THE SAME BASE
#1: Multiplying Powers: If you are multiplying Powers
with the same base, KEEP the BASE & ADD the EXPONENTS!
mn
x x  x
m n

So, I get it!

When you
multiply
Powers, you 2 6  23  2 6  3  29
add the  512
exponents!
#2: Product Law of Exponents: If the product of the
bases is powered by the same exponent, then the result is a
multiplication of individual factors of the product, each powered
by the given exponent.

 xy  x y
n n n

So, when I take

a Power of a
Product, I apply
the exponent to (ab)  a b2 2 2

all factors of
the product.
1. 3  3 
2 2
2. (aw) 2

3. (2  4) 
7 4. (3) x( 3) 
2 3
 QUOTIENT OF POWERS
#3: Dividing Powers: When dividing Powers with the
same base, KEEP the BASE & SUBTRACT the EXPONENTS!

m
x mn
n
 x m
 x n
 x
x
So, I get it!
When you 2 6
6 2
divide 2
 2  2 4

2
Powers, you
subtract the  16
exponents!
#4: Quotient Law of Exponents: If the quotient of the
bases is powered by the same exponent, then the result is both
numerator and denominator , each powered by the given exponent.
n
 x x n

   n
 y y
So, when I take a
Power of a
Quotient, I apply 4
2 2
4
the exponent to 16
all parts of the    4 
quotient. 3 3 81
 12
s
5. 4
 6.
s
#5: Power of a Power: If you are raising a Power to an
exponent, you multiply the exponents!

x 
n
m
x mn

So, when I
take a Power
to a power, I
multiply the (5 )  5
3 2 32
5
5
exponents
Try these:

1. 3  2. a  3. 2 x 3 
3
2 5
 3 4
 

2
3 
9
4. (3 x 2 ) 
2 2
5.  5  
3 
#6: Zero Law of Exponents: Any base powered by zero
exponent equals one.

x 1
0

So zero 50  1
factors of a
and
base equals 1.
That makes a0  1
sense! Every and
power has a (5 a ) 0  1
coefficient
of 1.
Try these:

1. s t 
2 4 0
 2. 3
2 0
 

3. 3 
0
Order of Operations
 Problem Solving Steps
1) READ and UNDERSTAND the
problem.

2) PLAN a solution.

3) SOLVE the problem.

4) CHECK your solution.