Smart URBAN MOBILITY through

Electronic Toll Collection System

 URBAN MOBILITY
• Traditional transport planning aims to improve mobility, especially for
vehicles, and may fail to adequately consider wider impacts.

• The real purpose of transport is to provide access for the citizens to work,
education, friends and family, and goods and services.

• A sustainable transport system is one that is accessible, safe,

environmentally-friendly, and affordable.

• Cities should improve the sustainability of their transport networks to create

more vibrant, livable, sustainable cities.
Why does Urban Mobility Matter ?
o Citizens expect high levels of mobility.
o Sustainable urban mobility is essential for:

• Guaranteeing citizens a high quality of

accessibility and life
• Facilitating economic development of cities,
thus helping growth and employment
• Respecting the environment and ensuring
sustainable development
 CHALLENGES FACED BY CITIES
• Congestion
▫ Increase of traffic in urban areas is causing congestion - this costs to
citizens and businesses
▫ Parking – Major problem – Portion of road is occupied by Parking
• Energy consumption
▫ Urban mobility - faced by the domination of oil as a transport fuel.
• Climate change
▫ Urban mobility accounts for 40% of all CO2 emissions of road transport.
• Health issues
▫ towns and cities face increasing air pollution and noise problems, which
impact on citizens health.
• Safety and security
▫ road fatalities take place in urban areas - pedestrians and cyclists are the
most vulnerable victims.
 What is an ETC System?
• Electronic toll collection systems are designed to assist in the
management of toll operations through technology that aids in
streamlining traffic movement and through collecting data that can
be used to make operational changes.
• These systems gather and analyze data on traffic volumes, vehicle
classifications, and the fares expected and collected.
• The database and report capabilities allow for better management
of tolling operations.
Let us Understand ETC
• The Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) is a technology that permits
vehicles to pay highway tolls electronically.
• This automation has replaced live attendants at toll stations that
collect fees manually. Electronic Toll Collection is a concept that is
being readily accepted globally.
• Toll agencies are interested in developing these tags and readers
because they can simplify the tolling system.
ETC in India
Where Electronic Toll Collectors are Placed
and Their Variability
• The Electronic Toll Collections are on bridges, tunnels and
highways.
• The toll collection system can be either “open” or “closed”.
A closed system is where each entrance and exits have
tollbooths and the toll is determined at the point of exit.
• Where ETC s are an open system, toll stations are located
along the facility, so that a single trip may require payment
at several toll stations.
• Each system has designated toll booths designated for ETC
collections.
Three Components of ETC System
I. AUTOMATIC VEHICLE
IDENTIFICATION
II. AUTOMATIC VEHICLE
CLASSIFICATION
III. VIDEO ENFORCEMENT SYSTEMS
I. AUTOMATIC VEHICLE
INDENTIFICATION
AVI
• Electronic tags
• Communicates with readers
• Identifies account
• Deducts charges
• Automatic vehicle
identification tags are
electronically encoded with
unique identification
numbers.
II. AUTOMATIC VEHICLE
CLASSIFICATION

AVC SENSOR
• VEHICLE’S CLASS
• TOTAL OCCUPANTS
• EMISSIONS
III. VIDEO ENFORCEMENT
SYSTEMS
VES
• VIDEO
MONITORING
• RECORDS PLATE
• IDENTIFIES TOLL
VIOLATORS
•Roadside readers or antennas are located along the
road, in overhead structures or apart of the toll collection
booth.
•These antennas emit radio frequency signals across the
freeway lanes.
•As the vehicle approaches a tag reader site, the roadside antenna emits a signal.
•It is reflected back by the tag located on the windshield.
•The identification number is read and is sent to a roadside reader unit where it receives a
time, date and location.
•A central computer uses the code to identify the account and the cost is deducted from the
customer’s account.
•However, when a vehicle enters a distanced-based road the
computer stores the vehicle’s point of entry, and calculates and
assesses when the vehicle entered and exited the toll facility.
• Transactions are performed while the vehicle is within 40 meters of
the antenna’s reach.
 Types of Tags
Type I: The information stored in these tags is fixed (read-only), and the
tags do not have any processing capabilities.
Type II: These tags contain an updateable (read/write) area on which the
antenna/reader may encode information such as point of entry, date/time
of passage, etc.
Type III: (also called Smart Tags) are used in conjunction with an in-lane
RF antenna/reader to communicate identifying information about the
vehicle, customer, and account balance information to the toll system. The
Smart Tag contains a microprocessor, which maintains account balance
information that is updated each time the smart tag is used.
•The type of automatic vehicle identification tag signal that is most
commonly used for electronic toll collection is radio frequency.
•While other types of signals such as laser and infrared (IR) have been
tested and deployed, Radio Frequency tags currently provide the most
accurate results.
India's first electronic toll collection
system launched on Ahmedabad-
Mumbai Highway
 India's first electronic toll collection system
launched on Ahmedabad-Mumbai Highway

o The country's first interoperable RIFD-based electronic toll system

was today rolled out on the Ahmedabad-Mumbai National
Highway and the system would allow vehicles fitted with electronic
tags to sail through six toll plazas.
o The interoperable RIFD based system would allow vehicles to sail
through six toll plazas, operated by three different road developers
-- Larsen and Toubro (L&T), IRB Infrastructure and NHAI, the
statement said.
o The pilot project for this has already been launched on
Chandigarh-Parwanoo on NH-5.
 Advantages of Electronic Toll Collection
•Makes traveling more convenient, reduces travel times
• Saves fuel
•Reduces auto emissions
•Reduces wait time at toll booths
•Save money through individual and business discounts
•Increase highway capacity
•Processes 250 – 300% more vehicles per lane, reducing
delays and traffic congestion
DISADVANTAGES

• JOB LOSS
• THEFT
• STOLEN TAGS
• ACCOUNT TAMPERING
• FINANCIAL LOSS
 INCORRECT READS
• FINES FOR MOTORIST
• MONETARY LOSS FOR COMPANY
Concluding, Electronic Toll Collection may
become an increasing important instrument
within the big bundle of measures for
regional demand and traffic management.