Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A&p CH 6 Part 4 of 4
A&p CH 6 Part 4 of 4
surgically repaired
Congenital Bone Disorders
• Osteogenesis Imperfecta (“Brittle Bone Disease”)
– People with OI are born without the proper collagen, or the ability to make it.
– People with OI either have less collagen than normal or the quality is poorer than
normal.
– this impairment causes those with the condition to have weak or fragile bones.
– 8 types; differing levels of severity
– no cure; bone fractures are common.
Degenerative Bone Disorders
• Osteoporosis
– a decrease in bone density due to natural aging and
possibly unhealthy living
– Men lose less than 25% of their bone density with aging
Pituitary Dwarfism:
• results from inadequate pituitary gland
function
Bone Cancers
Osteosarcoma
osteo – bone sarcoma – connective tissue tumor
• cancerous tumor of the bone
• the most common primary bone cancer
• most often occurs in young people between
the age of 10 and 30, about 10% of cases
develop in people in their 60s and 70s
• more males than females get this cancer
• tumors develop most often in bones of the
arms, legs, or pelvis
• prognosis depends on the stage of
metastasis
Bone Cancers
Chondrosarcoma
chondro – cartilage sarcoma – connective tissue tumor
• cancer of cartilage cells
• 2nd most common primary bone cancer
• uncommon in people younger than 20
• grade I tumors are not likely to spread
(most common)
• grade II tumors may spread
• grade III tumors are most likely to spread
(least common)
• wide range of prognoses – good to bad
Bone Cancers
Myeloma
myelo – bone marrow oma – tumor
Septic Arthritis:
• arthritis caused by an infection of any microorganism
(bacterial, viral, or fungal) that has settled in the joints
•Examples:
Gonococcal Arthritis
• symptom of a gonorrhea infection (bacterial)
Rheumatic Fever
• inflammatory disease which may develop after a
streptococcal infection (such as strep throat or scarlet
fever) and can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain
Joint Disorders
Inflammation:
Tendonitis
• inflammation of the tendons or the tendon-muscle
attachment
Bursitis
• inflammation of one or more bursae, or small sacs of
synovial fluid, in the body
For Both:
commonly caused by repetition of movement or
excessive pressure
elbows and knees are the most commonly affected
joints because they get the most repetitive use
Treatment includes rest of affected joint,
analgesics, pressure cuffs to relieve strain on joint,
and/or corticosteroid injection to reduce
inflammation.
Joint Disorders
Secondary Disorders:
Rheumatoid Arthritis:
• inflammatory autoimmune disorder that
causes the immune system to attack the
joints
• onset is uncommon under the age of 15
and from then on the incidence rises with
age until the age of 80
• the prevalence rate is 1%, with women
affected three to five times as often as
men
• it is 4 times more common in smokers than
non-smokers
Joint Disorders
Secondary Disorders:
Gout:
• a disease created by a buildup of uric acid
which deposits on the articular cartilage of
joints, tendons and surrounding tissues
- this provokes an inflammatory reaction
• Extremely painful