PAST SIMPLE, PAST

PROGRESSIVE AND PAST

PERFECT.
Its uses and contrasts.
 PAST SIMPLE
 Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action
started and finished at a specific time in the past.
Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the
specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

 Examples: - I worked for “Techo para chIle” lasT year.

- She did not study for the test.
- Did you go to Barcelona two years ago?
 PAST SIMPLE IN USE
 We use past simple affirmative in the following way:
Subject + Verb in the past + complement
(regular/irregular)
-Regular verbs: Verbs in the past that are used in the
same way, specifically, they have the same ending ED.
Example. Played
-Irregular verbs: Verbs in the past that do not have an
specific form or ending in common, they are different and
independent. Example. Write/Written.
 PAST SIMPLE IN USE
•Negative form:
Subject + did not + verb in present+ complement
Example.
 I did not forget your gift.
•Interrogative form:
Did + subject + verb in present + complement
Example.
Did you make bread yesterday?
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
 Past progressive is used to express an action that
was happening in the past, that means it lasted for a
while or that the subject was performing the action at
some point in the past. Also the action may happened
while something else was happening at the same time.

Examples: -I was thinking about that girl.

-He was working in a coffe shop.

-They were studying for the test.

PAST PROGRESSIVE IN USE

 How to use it:

Subjects: I He You We

WAS WERE

She It They

Verb + ing
PAST PROGRESSIVE IN USE
 We use past progressive affirmative in the following
way:

 Subject + was/were + verb ING + complement

I was going to the stadium.

You were reading an interesting book.

She was not flying on a plane.

PAST PROGRESSIVE IN USE
 We use past progressive negative in the following way:

 Subject + was/were + not + verb ING + complement

She was not flying on a plane.

PAST PROGRESSIVE IN USE
 We use past simple interrogative in the
following way:

 WAS/Were + subject + verb ing + complement

Was I going to the stadium?

Were you reading an interesting book?

Was she flying on a plane?

 PAST PERFECT
 We use past perfect to express that something happened in the
past before the past. In simple terms past perfect is an action that
happened before something else in the past in a correlative order.

 Examples:

-She had broken the window before you played football.

-I had read the book before I wrote a sum up.

-We used the pencil after you had written your paper.
 PAST PERFECT IN USE
 We use past perfect affirmative in the following way:

Subject + had + verb (past participle)+ complement

-Alternative 1: Subject + had+ verb(past participle)+

complement+ preposition of time + subject + past simple +
complement

-Alternative 2: Subject + verb (past simple)+ complement+

preposition of time+ subject+ had+ verb(past participle)+
complement.
 PAST PERFECT IN USE
 Example :

I had played football before.

-Example alternative 1 :

She had done the homework before she read the book.

-Example alternative 2 :

We ran to the beach after the tsunami had hit.

 PAST PERFECT IN USE

 We use past perfect negative in the following way:

Subject + had + not+ verb (past participle)+ complement

I had not prepared lunch before you cooked.

-We use past perfect interrogative in the following way:

Had + subject+ verb(past participle)+ complement ?

Had you played football before she played basketball?

 CONTRAST BETWEEN
THEM
Past Past
Past simple
perfect progressive

Time line Past

Past Past Present

perfect progressive

Continues in time
 EXERCISES
Complete the story in the next slide using the past
simple, past perfect, or past continuous of the verbs
in brackets.
 STORY
It 1 (be) Tuesday evening and I 2(get) ready to go to bed when the phone

3(ring). To my surprise it 4(be) my friend Peter. He 5(call) from his mobile

and he was very annoyed because he 6(lose) his keys and he 7(cannot)

get into his flat. He 8(think) he 9(leave) them at work but now it was

midnight and the office was closed so he 10(cannot) get in to check. Luckily

I had the keys to his flat because a month before he 11(give) me a spare
set so that I could look after his cat while he was on holiday. When he
finally 12(arrive) to pick them up, it was three o'clock in the morning, and I

13(lie) on the sofa fast asleep.

THE END