APTITUDE TRAINING

COMPILED BY
Dr.c.sekar
PERCENTAGE
1) Which number is 60% less
than 80?
(a)50 (b)42 (c)48 (d)32

Ans: 40% of 80=32

2)A number exceeds 20% of
itself by 40. The number is
(a)50 (b)60 (c)80 (d)320
Ans: 80%=40=>100%=50
 3)Rakesh credits15% of his salary in his
fixed deposit account and spends30% of the
remaining amount on grocers. If the cash in
hands is Rs.2380, what is his salary?
(a)Rs.3500 (b) Rs.4000
(c) Rs.4500 (d) Rs.5000
 Ans: If his salary is S then
(1- ) x (1 - ) xS = 2380
15
100
30
100

ie)85x70xS=2380x100x100
Therefore S=4000
 4) From the salary of an officer, 10% is
deducted as house rent, 15% of their rest he
spends on children’s education and 10% of the
balance, he spends on clothes. After this
expenditure, he is left withRs.1377. His salary is
(a) Rs.2000 (b) Rs.2040 (c) Rs.2100
(d) Rs.2200

 Ans : ( 1- 100
10
) x (1-10015 ) x ( 1 - 100
10
) S = 1377.
90 x 85 x 90 x S = 1377 x 100 x 100 x 100
S = 2000
 5) The price of cooking oil has increased
by 25%. The percentage of reduction that
a family should effect in the use of
cooking oil so as not to increase the
expenditure on this account is:
(a)15% (b) 20% (c) 25% (d) 30%

100 I
 Ans: D = 100  I % ,I=25% =>D=20%
 6)A student who scores 20% marks in an
examination fails by 30 marks. Another
student who scores 32% marks gets 42
marks more than those required to pass. The
percentage of marks required to pass is
(a)20 (b)25 (c)28 (d)30
 Ans: The difference in marks is 72 which is
12%.
ie) 30 marks is 5% . Passing percentage
=20+5=25%
7) 75% of a number when
added to 75 is equal to the
number. The number is
(a)150 (b)200
(c)225 (d)300
Ans: 25%=75 => 100%=300
8) On decreasing the price of T.V sets
by 30% its sale is increased by 20%.
What is the effect on the revenue
received by the shopkeeper?
(a)10% increase (b) 10% decrease
(c)16% increase (d)16% decrease
Ans: 20-30- 20X 30 = - 16% => 16%
100
decrease
 9)The population of a town is 8000. It
increases by 10% during the first year and
by 20% during the second year. The
population after 2 years will be:
(a)10400 (b)10560 (c)10620
(d)none of these
10X 20
 Ans: Net increase = 10+20+ 100 % = 32%
Population=132% of 8000=10560(or)
10 20
8000x(1+ 100 ) x (1+ 100 ) = 10560
 10) The value of a machine depreciates
10% annually. If its present value is
Rs.4000, its value 2 years hence will be :
(a)Rs.3200 (b) Rs.3240 (c)Rs.3260
(d) Rs.3280
10 10 90 90
 Ans: 4000(1- 100 ) x (1- 100 ) = 4000x 100 x 100

= Rs.3240
11) 3 liters of water is added to 15
liters of a mixture of a 20% solution
of alcohol in water. The strength of
alcohol is now:
1 2
(a)12 2 % (b) 16 3 % (c) 24%
(d)16%
15X 20 2
Ans: 15x20 = 18x? => ?= =16 3
18
 12) A man spends 75% of his income.
His income is increased by 20% and he
increases his expenditure by 10%. His
savings are increased by:
1
(a)10% (b)25% (c)37 2 %
(d)50%
20  10
 Ans: 10 + x 100= 50% ,
25
Is = IE + I I  I E x 100
S
 13) The length of a rectangle is increased by
10% and breadth decreased by 10%. Then ,
the area of new rectangle is:
(a) neither decreased or increased
(b) increased by 1%
(c)decreased by 1%
(d) decreased by 2%

10 X 10
 Ans: 10-10 - = -1% => 1% decrease
100
 14) A reduction of 21% in the price of
wheat enables a person to buy 10.5Kg
more for Rs.100. What is the reduced
price per Kg?
(a) Rs. 2 (b)Rs.2.25
(c) Rs.2.30 (d) Rs.2.50
 Ans: cost of 10.5 Kg = Rs.21 =>
reduced price per Kg = Rs.2
 15) A mixture of 40 litres of milk and water
contains 10% water . How much water should
be added to this so that water may be 20% in
the new mixture?
(a) 4 litres (b) 5 litres
(c) 6.5 litres (d) 7.5 litres
 Ans: Quantity x concentration of fixed one is a
constant.
40x90% = ?x80% => ? =45 (new quantity)
Water to be added = 5 litres
PROFIT
&
LOSS
1)By selling a watch for Rs.1140, a
man loses 5%. In order to gain 5%
the watch must be sold for :
(a) Rs.1311 (b) Rs.1197
(c) Rs.1254 (d)Rs.1260
Ans: 1140:? = 95:105 => ?=1260.
2)The selling price of 12 articles is
equal to the cost price of 15 articles.
The gain percent is :
(a) 16 % (b) 20% (c)25%
(d)80%
BS
Ans: S x100% , B=15 , S=12;

15  12
x100=25%
12
3) If I purchased 11 books for Rs.10
and sold all the books at the rate of 10
books for Rs.11, the profit percent is:
(a)10% (b)11% (c) 21%
(d)100%
Ans: B=11x11 =121, S=10x10=100 ,

121 100
Profit = x 100 = 21%
100
4) By selling 36 oranges , a vendor
loses the selling price of 4 oranges.
His loss percent is :
1 1
a) 12 % b)11 %
2 9
c)10%
d) none of these
 Ans: B=36; S=36+4 = 40
BS 36  40
S
x100 = 40
x100= -10%
loss=10%
5) By selling 8dozens of pencils, a
shopkeeper gains the selling price of 1
dozen pencils. His gain percent is :
2
(a)12.5% (b)87.5% (c) 14 7 %
(d) none of these
1
Ans: B =8, S= 8-1 =7 profit%= x100
7

2
= 14 %
7
6) By selling toffees at 20 for a rupee , a
man loses 4%. To gain 20% , for one
rupee he must sell:
(a) 16 toffees ( b) 20 toffees
(c)25 toffees (d)24toffees
Ans: selling price x rate quantity is a
constant
ie)20x96% = ?x120% => ? = 16
7) By selling 45 oranges for Rs.40 ,
a man loses 20%. How many
should he sell for Rs.24 so as to
gain 20% in the transaction?
(a) 16 (b) 18 (c) 20
(d) 22
45X 80 ? X 120
Ans: = => ?=18.
40 24
8) A shopkeeper sells threefourth of
its articles at a gain of 20% and the
remaining at C.P His real gain in
the transaction is :
(a) 10% (b) 15% (c) 20%
(d) 25%
3 1
 Ans: x 20%+ 4 x 0% =15%
4
9) A grocer sells rice at a profit of
10% and uses weights which are 20%
less than the marked weight. The
total gain earned by him will be :
(a)30% (b)35% (c)37.5%
(d) none of these
 Ans: B = 110 , S = 80
profit% =110  80 x100 = 37.5%
80
10) A man sells 2 horses for Rs.4000
each, neither losing nor gaining in
the deal. If he sold one horse at a
gain of 25%, the other horse is sold
at a loss of:
(a) 16 % (b) 20% (c) 25%
(d) 18 %
50 P 50 X 25
Ans: L= ie)L = =16 %
50  P 50  25
 11) A person bought an article and sold it at a
loss of 10%.If he had bought it for 20% less and
sold it for Rs.55 more, he would have had a
profit of 40%. The C.P of the article is:
(a)Rs.200 (b)Rs.225 (c)Rs.250
(d) none of these
 Ans: 140% of 80%-90% =55,
112%-90% =55
22% = 55
ie) C.P = 100% = Rs.250
12) A bicycle is sold at a gain of
16%. If it had been sold for Rs.20
more 20% would have been
gained. The C.P of the bicycle is :
(a) Rs.350 (b)Rs.400 (c)Rs.500
(d)Rs.600
Ans: 120%-116% = 4% =Rs.20
C.P =100% =Rs.500
 13) A dealer marks his goods 20% above the
cost price. He then allows some discount on
it and makes a profit of 8%. The rate of
discount is
(a)12% (b)10% (c)6% (d)4%
 Ans: M.P =120% , S.P = 108%
Discount = M .P  S .P X 100
M .P
= 120  108 x100 = 10%
120
 AGE
PROBLEMS
 1) The age of a father 10 years ago was
thrice the age of his son. Ten years hence,
the father’s age will be twice that of his son.
The ratio of their present ages is :
(a) 8:5 (b)7:3 (c)5:2 (d)9:5
 Ans: Ten years ago Ratio=3:1
 Ten years hence 2 : 1 = 4 : 2
Present ratio = 3. 5 : 1. 5 = 7 : 3
 2)The age of a man is 4 times that of his son .Five
years ago , the man was nine times as old as his
son was at that time. The present age of the man
is:
(a) 28 years (b) 32 years (c) 40 years
(d) 44 years
 Ans: Present ratio 4:1 = 32:8
5 years ago 9:1 = 27:3
5 unit difference = 5 years
Present age of the man is 32 years
 3)The sum of the ages of a father and his son is
45 years. Five years ago the product of their ages
was 4 times the father’s age at that time. The
present ages of the father and son respectively
are
(a) 35yrs, 10yrs (b) 36yrs, 9yrs
(c) 39yrs, 6yrs (d) none of these
 Ans: 5 years ago the son’s age was 4 years.
At present son’s age is 9 yrs and hence father’s
age is 36yrs

4) Jayesh is as much younger to Anil
as he is older to Prashant. If the sum
of the ages of Anil and Prashant is 48
years , what is the age of Jayesh?
(a) 20 yrs (b)24 yrs
(c) 30 yrs (d) cannot be determined
Ans: 48/2 = 24 yrs
 5) Ten years ago A was half of B in age. If
the ratio of their present ages is 3:4, what
will be the total of their present ages?
(a) 28 yrs (b) 20 yrs (c)35 yrs
(d)49 yrs
 Ans: Ten years ago 1:2
Present ratio 3:4
Difference = 2 units = 10 years
Sum of their ages = 7 units = 35 years
ALLIGATION
AND
MIXTURE
 1) In a mixture of 60 litres, the ratio of milk and
water is 2 :1 . If the ratio of the milk and water is
to be 1:2, then the amount of water to be further
added is
(a) 20litres (b) 30litres (c) 40litres
(d) 60litres
 Ans: milk is fixed.
2 1
3 x 60 = 3 x120
Quantity X concentration of fixed one is constant.
ie) Water to be added = 120 – 60 = 60 litres
2) A dishonest milk man professes
to sell his milk at C.P. but he mixes
it with water and thereby gains
25%. The percentage of water in
the mixture is
(a) 25% (b) 20% (c) 49%
(d) none of these
25
Ans: x100 = 20%
100  25
 3) A container contains 80 Kg, of milk.
From this container , 8Kg of milk was
taken out and replaced by water. This
process was further repeated two times.
How much milk is now contained by the
container?
(a)64Kg (b)56Kg (c)58.32Kg
(d) 62.68Kg
3
8 3 9
 Ans: Milk = 80x(1- ) = 80x 103
80
= 58.32 Kg
 4) A can contains a mixture of two liquids A and B
in the proportion 7:5. When 9 litres of mixture
are drawn off and the can is filled with B, the
proportion of A and B becomes 7:9. How many
litres of liquid A was contained by the can
initially?
(a) 25 (b) 35 (c) 20 (d) 21
7 9 7
 Ans (1  )  => C = 36 litres where C is the
12 c 16
capacity of the can. Initially quantity of liquid A
7
= 36x 12 = 21 litres
 5) Two vessels A and B contain milk and water
mixed in the ratio 5:2 and 8:5 respectively. Find
the ratio in which these mixtures are to be mixed
to get a new mixture containing milk and water
in the ratio 9:4.
(a) 7:3 (b) 7:2 (c) 5:3 (d)2:1

 Ans: Fix water. (2/7) (4/13) (5/13)

multiply by 7x13 26 28 35
35-28 : 28-26
7 : 2
TIME
AND
WORK
 1) A contract is to be completed in 56 days and
104 men were set to work, each working 8 hrs a
day. After 30 days, (2/5)th of a work is completed.
How many additional men may be employed, so
that the work may be completed in time, each
man now working 9 hrs a day?
(a) 60 (b) 56 (c) 70 (d) 42
 Ans: MXDXT is a constant.
W 104 X 30 X 8 ? X 26 X 9
 => ? = 160
2 3
Additional men to be employed = 160-104 = 56
2) If 27 Kg of corn would feed 42
horses for 21 days, in how many
days would 36 Kg of it feed 21
horses?
(a) 28 (b)42 (c)56 (d)32
42 X 21 21X ?
Ans: 27

36 => ? = 56
 3) 2 men and 7 boys can do a piece of work in 14
days; 3 men and 8 boys can do the same in 11
days; 8 men and 6 boys can do 3 times the amount
of this work in :
(a) 21 days (b) 18 days (c) 24 days
(d) 36 days
 Ans: (2M +7B)x14 = (3M+8B)x11
ie) 5M = 10 boys
(2M+7B)x14x3 = (8M+6B)x?
11Bx14x3 = 22Bx?
? = 21 days.
 4) A can do 1/3 of a work in 5 days and B
can do 2/5 of the work in 10 days. In how
many days both A and B together can do
the work?
(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 10
3
 Ans: A can do full work in 5x 1 = 15 days
5
B can do full work in 10x 2 = 25 days
15 X 25 75
A and B together can do it in 15  25 = 8

3
=9 8 days
 5) A is thrice as good a work man as B, and
is therefore able to finish a piece of work in
60 days less than B. Find the time in which
they can do it , working together,
1
(a) 20 days (b) 22 2 days (c) 25 days
(d) 40 days
 Ans: Time ratio = 1:3  2 units = 60 days
Working together they can do it in
3X1 3 1
3 1
= 4
unit time = 22 2 days
6) A and B together can do a piece
of work in 6 days and A alone can
do it in 9 days. The time taken by B
alone to do the work is:
(a) 18 days (b) 15 days
(c) 12 days (d) 7.5 days

9X 6
Ans: 96
= 18 days
 7) A can complete a job in 9 days, B in 10 days
and C in 15 days. B and C started the work and
are forced to leave after 2 days. The time taken by
A to complete the remaining work is:
(a) 6 days (b) 9 days (c) 10 days (d) 13 days
 Ans: The total work can be taken as L.C.M of 9,
10, 15 which is equal to 90 units. Therefore one
day work of A, B, C are respectively 10, 9, 6 units.
Two days work of B and C is 2X(9+6)=30 units.
Remaining work=60 units. A alone can complete
it in 6 days.
 8) A can do a piece of work in 24 days while B alone
can do it in 16 days. With the help of C, they finish
the work in 8 days. C alone can do the work in:
(a) 32 days (b) 36 days (c) 40 days
(d) 48 days
 Ans: If the total work is the L.C.M of 24, 16, 8 = 48
units then
A+B+C’s one day work = 6 units
A+B’s one day work = 5 units
C’s one day work = 1 unit
Time taken by C = 48 units
 9) Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 36 min and 45 min
respectively. A waste pipe C can empty the tank in 30
min. First A and B are opened. After 7 min, C is also
opened. In how much time the tank is full?
(a) 39 min (b) 46 min (c) 40 min (d) 50 min
 Ans: Total work = L.C.M of 36, 45, 30 = 180 units
1 min. work of A,B,C is +5, +4, -6 units respectively.
Work done in first 7 min = 7x(5+4) = 63 units
Remaining work = 180 – 63 = 117 units
Time taken to fill 117 units =117/3 = 39 min
Total time taken = 39 + 7 = 46 min
 10)Three pipes A, B and C can fill a cistern
in 6 hrs. After working at it together for 2
hours, C is closed and A and B can fill it in 7
hrs. The time taken by C alone to fill the
cistern is:
(a) 10 hrs (b) 12 hrs (c) 14 hrs (d) 16 hrs
 Ans: In 2 hours 1/3rd of work is done
7X 4
C alone can do 2/3rd
of work in hrs.
74
Therefore C alone can fill the cistern in 14
hrs.
 TIME
AND
DISTANCE
 1)A man covers a certain distance between
his house and office on scooter. Having an
average speed of 30Km/hr, he is late by 10
min. However, with a speed of 40 Km/hr, he
reaches his office 5 min earlier. Find the
distance between his house and office:
(a) 20 Km (b) 30Km (c) 40Km
(d) 50 Km
40 X 30 15
 Ans: Distance = x = 30 Km
40  30 60
 2) Walking 3/4TH of his usual speed, a peon
is 10 min too late to his office. Find the usual
time to cover the distance:
(a) 30 min (b) 40 min (c) 1 hr
(d) 45 min
 Ans: Difference of Nr and Dr = 4-3 = 1 unit
1 unit = 10 min;
Usual time = Nr = 3 units = 30 min
 3) A and B are two stations . A train goes from A
to B at 64 Km/hr and returns to A at a slower
speed. If its average speed for the whole journey
is 56 Km/hr, at what speed did it return?
(a) 48 Km/hr (b) 49.77 Km/hr (c)52 Km/hr
(d) 47.46 Km/hr
2uv
 Ans: Average speed = u  v = a
u = 64; Average speed = 56
au = 49.77 Km/hr
v
2u  a
4) A is twice as fast as B and B is thrice
as fast as C. The journey covered by C
in 42 min, will be covered by A in:
(a) 14 min (b) 28 min
(c) 63 min (d) 7 min
Ans: A is 6 times as fast as C
Time taken by A = 42/6 = 7 min.
 5) A train leaves Meerut at 6 a.m and reaches
Delhi at 10 a.m. Another train leaves Delhi at
8a.m and reaches Meerut at 11.30 a.m . At what
time do the two trains cross one another
(a)9.26 a.m (b) 9 a.m (c) 8.36 a.m
(d) 8.56 a.m
 Ans: Half of the distance is covered by first train
at 8 a.m 3
2X1
4
Meeting time = 8 hrs + 3 hrs
2 1
4
14
= 8hrs + 15
X 60 min
 6) Two trains A and B start from stations X and Y
towards Y and X respectively.
After passing each other , they take 4 hours 48
minutes and 3 hours 20 minutes to reach Y and X
respectively. If train A is moving at 45 Km/hr,
then the train B is moving at:
(a)60 Km/hr (b)54 Km/hr (c)64.8 Km/hr
(d)37.5 Km/hr
 Ans: Speed ratio of A and B is 200 : 288 = 100 : 144 =
10 : 12 = 5 : 6.
Speed of B =54 Km/hr
 7) A train is running at the rate of 40 kmph. A
man also is going in the same direction parallel to
the train at the speed of 25 kmph. If the train
crosses the man in 48 seconds, the length of the
train is
(a)50 metres (b)100 metres
(c)150 metres (d)200 metres
 Ans: Length of the train = Relative speed  time
5
= (40-25)   48
18
= 200 metres
 8) A train speeds past a pole in 15 secs and speeds
past a platform 100 metres long in 25 secs. Its
length in metres is:
(a)200 (b)150 (c)50
(d)data inadequate
 Ans: Distance moved in 10(=25-15) secs =
Length of the platform =100 metres
Distance moved in 15 secs =
Length of the train = 150 metres.
 9) A man rows to a place 48 km distant and back in 14
hours. He finds that he can row 4 km with the stream in
the same time as3 km against the stream. The rate of the
stream is:
(a)0.5 kmph (b)1 kmh (c)3.5 kmph (d)1.8 kmph
 Ans: Speed down: speed up = 4:3
Time ratio = 3:4
7 unit time = 14 hrs
Speed down = 8 km/hr
Speed up = 6 km/hr
Speed of stream = (8-6)/2 = 1 km/hr
 10) A man can row 6 km/hr in still water. It
takes him twice as long to row up as to row
down the river. Find the rate of stream
(a) 2 km/hr (b) 1 km/hr
(c) 2.5 km/hr (d) 1.5 km/hr
 Ans: Checking the answers
Speed down = 2x speed up
6+2 = 2x(6-2)
Answer is 2 km/hr
 11) The current of a stream runs at 1
km/hr. A motor boat goes 35 kmph
upstream and back again to the starting
point in 12 hours. The speed of motor
boat in still water is:
(a) 6 km/hr (b)7 km/hr
(c) 8 km/hr (d)8.5 km/hr
 Ans: Checking the answer
35 35

6 1 6 1
= 7+5 = 12 –okay
Answer is 6 km/hr.
 12) A boat covers 24 km upstream and 36 km
downstream in 6 hours, whole it covers 36 km
upstream and 24 km downstream in 6 hours. The
velocity of the current is :
(a) 1.5 km/hr (b) 1 km/hr
(c) 2 km/hr (d) 2.5 km/hr
36 X 36  24 X 24
 Ans: Speed up = 36 X 6.5  24 X 6 =8 km/hr

36 X 36  24 X 24
Speed down= =12 km/hr
36 X 6  24 X 6.5
Therefore velocity of current =2 km/hr.

 CALENDAR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

January February September April

October May August March June December July
November

LEAP
YEAR February January
 CENTURY NUMBER:
1600 – 0 ! R=0 - Friday
1700 – 5 ! R=1 - Saturday
1800 – 3 ! R=2 - Sunday
1900 – 1 ! R=3 - Monday
2000 – 0 ! R=4 - Tuesday
2100 – 5 ! R=5 - Wednesday
and so on . ! R=6 - Thursday
 Finding day for a date.
Example:17th June 1990
Date +month code + century number +
years + number of leap years .
17 + 5 + 1 + 90 + 22 =135
Divide by 7 . Get the remainder R = 2.
The day is Sunday.
 SIMPLE
AND
COMPOUND
INTEREST
 S.I = PNR/100
 C.I – S.I = D
 For two years P= Q D where Q=100/R
2

Q3 D
 For three years P= 3Q  1

Q4 D
 For four years P= 2
6Q  4Q  1
HAVE
A
BRIGHT
FUTURE