MUMBAI TERREOR

ATTACK 26/11
By:
Vinay kumar.M
08011BB032

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

School of Planning and Architecture,
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University,
Hyderabad.

Facilities & service planning (7 sem)

 The situation…
 several militants, armed with AK-47 rifles, grenades and
low intensity bombs carried out coordinated attacks on
several key sites within India’s financial hub, Mumbai.
 Ten simultaneous attacks targeting the Taj Hotel, the
Oberoi Trident Hotel, Café Leopold, Chhatrapati Shivaji
Terminus (CST) railway station and the Cama Hospital,
occurred.
 So far 174 people have been reported killed while
294-300 have been injured.
Movement at the time of attack…
Commando's in charge…
Vulnerable situation of city due to
attack…
Locations of attack…
Public and International Reactions

 United Nations (UN) spokesman calls for the militants to

be brought to justice immediately.
 The government of the United States Obama urged the
United States to continue to strengthen its partnerships
with India and other nations worldwide in the efforts to
eliminate terrorist networks.
 British Prime Minister Gordon Brow has stated thatUK
stands strongly with the Indian government and will
offer “necessary help”
The Indian government’s response to the Mumbai attacks highlighted
several key weaknesses in the country’s general counterterrorism and
threat-mitigation structure.

 Intelligence failure
 Gaps in coastal surveillance
 Inadequate “target hardening”
 Incomplete execution of response protocols
 Response time problems
 Inadequate counterterrorism training & equipment for
local police
 Limitations of municipal fire & emergency services
 Poor strategic communication & information
management
Indian local &national body reaction…

 Criticism of politicians and resignations

Indians criticised their political leaders after the attacks, saying
their bickering and ineptness was at least partly responsible.
 Criticism of the rescue operation
The NSG commandos based in Mehram Nagar, Palam
Airport,Delhitook 10 hours to reach the terrorists.
 Demand for self-defense
The war on Mumbai has left the corporate sector of India angry;
vulnerable sectors want to be armed.
 Tribute to victims
International support…
 Australia – Australia had sent a team of Federal Police to Mumbai.
A group of seven officers have arrived to study the terror attack
and the modus operandi used by the terrorists.
 Israel – Israel had offered a forty-strong team of special operation
forces and assistance in investigations.
 Malaysia – Malaysian authorities had investigated reports related
to Malaysian-issued credit cards found in the belongings of the
terrorists involved in the Mumbai attacks.
 United Kingdom – United Kingdom had sent 15 forensic experts
from the intelligence services to Mumbai to help with the
investigations on the attacks on India’s financial capital.
Contd…
 US – President of the United States George W. Bush told
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh that American agencies
will "throw their weight" behind India's investigation into the
Mumbai terror attacks and demonstrate a "shared
commitment" to combat terrorism.
Improvement in security arrengments
after the attack
 Force One, Maharashtra’s “elite security force designed on the lines
of the National Security Guard (NSG)” has been commissioned.
 Arms purchase has increased in India. Not just in Maharashtra but
by the central government, and the Army too.
 The Navy is also beefing up on infrastructure to protect India from
the sea. From aircraft to boats, to the numerical strength of
personnel is all being increased.
 A 20 per cent increase in the budget for Coast Guard vessels.
Manpower is also being increased.
 The government has opened four NSG hubs in Mumbai, Kolkata,
Hyderabad and Chennai, each having a strength of 241
personnel.
The government have strengthen the
following…
 Border Security Force
 Central Industrial Security Force
 Central Reserve Police Force
 National Security Guards
 Special Protection Group
 State police
 Metropolitan police
 State Armed Police Forces
Contd…
 Selection and Training
selection levels of the position and direct entry (where an applicant
does not have to start at the lowest level) is possible. The
educational requirements increase with recruitments for higher posts.
 Encounter Squads
The Mumbai Encounter Squad is an unofficial group within the police
force of Mumbai, India. It consists of several high-profile officers
from the Detection Unit. The squad primarily deals with members of
the Mumbai underworld and other criminal gangs and carries out
the elimination of criminals.
contd…
 Mumbai government planned to buy 36 speed boats to patrol
the coastal areas and several helicopters for the same
purpose.
 to create an anti-terror force called "Force One" and
upgrade all the weapons that Mumbai police currently have.
 The government strengthened anti-terror laws with UAPA
2008, and the federal National Investigation Agency was
formed.
Conclusion…

Indian government failed in mitigating the attack effect

and could have done better then it have…
 Intelligence analysis & sharing

 Emergency preparedness & rapid response

 Investigation management

 Consequence management

 Advocacy and research roles

 Ensuring greater coordination on more regular basis

between the police & the vulnerable private sector
targets.