Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 Units and Measurement
2 Units and Measurement
and
Measurement
Physics
Mrs. Coyle
International Space Station
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0706/iss_sts117_big.jpg
It All Starts with a Ruler!!!
Math and Units
• Math- the language of Physics
• SI Units – International System
– MKS
• Meter m
• Mass kg
• Time s
• National Bureau of Standards
• Prefixes
SI Unit Prefixes - Part I
Name Symbol Factor
tera- T 1012
giga- G 109
mega- M 106
kilo- k 103
hecto- h 102
deka- da 101
SI Unit Prefixes- Part II
Name Symbol Factor
deci- d 10-1
centi- c 10-2
milli- m 10-3
micro- μ 10-6
nano- n 10-9
pico- p 10-12
femto- f 10-15
The Seven Base SI Units
Quantity Unit Symbol
Length meter m
Mass kilogram kg
Temperature kelvin K
Time second s
Amount of mole mol
Substance
Luminous Intensity candela cd
Electric Current ampere a
Derived SI Units (examples)
Quantity unit Symbol
Volume cubic meter m3
Density kilograms per kg/m3
cubic meter
Speed meter per second m/s
Newton kg m/ s2 N
Energy Joule (kg m2/s2) J
Pressure Pascal (kg/(ms2) Pa
SI Unit Prefixes for Length
Name Symbol Analogy
gigameter Gm 109
megameter Mm 106
kilometer km 103
decimeter dm 10-1
centimeter cm 10-2
millimeter mm 10-3
micrometer μm 10-6
nanometer nm 10-9
picometer pm 10-12
Scientific Notation
Mx 10n
• 5.45 x 10^6
Numbers less than 1 will have a
negative exponent.
NEW UNIT
85km x 1,000m = 85,000m
1km
OLD UNIT
Factor-Label Method of Unit
Conversion: Example
Amy:
15.5cm, 15.0cm, 15.2cm, 15.3cm
• Precision – a measure of how
close a series of measurements
are to one another. A measure of
how exact a measurement is.
Example: Precision
Who is more precise when measuring
the same 17.0cm book?
Susan:
17.0cm, 16.0cm, 18.0cm, 15.0cm
Amy:
15.5cm, 15.0cm, 15.2cm, 15.3cm
Example: Evaluate whether the
following are precise, accurate or
both.
0.001
10302 1.0302x104
Sig Figs in Addition/Subtraction
• Ex: 3 apples
Solving Word Problems
• Analyze
– List knowns and unknowns.
– Draw a diagram.
– Devise a plan.
– Write the math equation to be used.
• Calculate
– If needed, rearrange the equation to solve for the
unknown.
– Substitute the knowns with units in the equation and
express the answer with units.
• Evaluate
– Is the answer reasonable?