Vinyl Chloride (VC)

and polyvinyl
chloride (PVC)
 What is VC & PVC ???
Vinyl Chloride
• Vinyl chloride is an organochloride
with the formula H2C=CHCl
• This colorless compound is an
important industrial chemical
chiefly used to produce the
polymer polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl
Chloride
• A tough, chemically resistant
synthetic resin made by
polymerizing vinyl chloride
• Used for a wide variety of
products including pipes, flooring,
and sheeting.
REACTION & MECHANISM

Vinyl Chloride
• VC is produced in the reaction of CHLORINATION OF ETHYLENE
• HgCl2 (mercuric chloride) as catalyst
• The production of VC via ethylene is a three-step process.
• Steps :
1.The direct chlorination of ethylene
2.The dehydrochlorination of ethylene dichloride (EDC)
3.The oxychlorination of ethylene
REACTION & MECHANISM
Polyvinyl
Chloride
• Polymerization reaction is carried out at the pressure of 13 atm.
• The reaction is carried out at very mild temperatures
• The liquid chloroethene monomer being dispersed in water at
52-77 degree celcius.
• Polyvinyl chloride white precipitates solid as it forms.
 CATALYST OF VC & Pvc
Vinyl Chloride Polyvinyl
Chloride
-HgCl2 (mercuric chloride). -Ammonium persulfate is often
used as the catalyst as it is
soluble in water.
 SAFETY

Polyvinyl
Vinyl Chloride Chloride
• VC is a reactive gas soluble • A highly versatile polymer,
in alcohol
• Slightly soluble in water.
• VC is a gas with a molecular
weight of 62.5
• Boiling point of -13.9°C
• Hence has a high vapour
pressure.
 APPLICATION

Polyvinyl
Vinyl Chloride Chloride
• VC produced to make PVC • PVC is more economic
• To manufacture a variety of material.
plastic • Used in everyday life
• VC products including pipes, wire
and cable coatings and •Toys
packaging materials. •Construction profile
• Used in furniture and automobile
upholstery, wall coverings, house •Medical devices
wares and automotive parts. •Credit cards
• VC has been used in the past as
a refrigerant •Pipes
 POLLUTION CONTROL VC &PVC

• Mechanical recycling
• Feedstock Recycling
• Incineration with Energy Recovery
• Safe Disposal
• Treated to remove organic compounds
• Neutralized before it can be sent to the plant's "outfall".
• Hazardous wastes are generated in the recovery of the product
vinyl chloride.
• These wastes require specialized procedures.
• This process using mercuric chloride catalyst in an ethylene
based on process.
 ENVIRONMENT ISSUE

• It’s not biodegradable or degradable.

• PVC will retain their form for decades.
• The breakdown that occurs is just granulation.
• Animals can ingest these product and can block their
digestive tracts.
• The final PVC production as dioxin - created from the
manufacture and incineration of the substance.
• Dioxin is the most deadliest of man-made poisons and toxin.
• Phthalates added to PVC are for flexibility
• Phthalates that may cause cancer, kidney and reproductive
system damage.