PRINCIPLE V

SAFER SOLVENT AND

AUXILARIES

MITHRUN
LINGESH
THINAGARAN
LOGENDIRAN
INTRODUCTION

 The goal is to use safer solvent and auxiliaries

to make a product.
 To make sure there is no toxicity to human
health and environment.
 Toxic solvents are replaced by safer ones for a
green technology.
DESIGN DESCRIPTION
 Solvents and mass separation agents of all kinds matter a lot to the chemistry not to mention
the chemical process and the overall "greenness" of the reaction. In many cases, reactions
wouldn't proceed without solvents and/or mass separation agents. To say that they don't
matter, or that it's only the chemistry that counts is not just a logical fallacy, it's chemically
incorrect. Solvents and separation agents provide for mass and energy transfer and without
this, many reactions will not proceed.
 It has also been shown that solvents account for 50 – 80 percent of the mass in a standard
batch chemical operation, depending on whether you include water or you don't. Moreover,
solvents account for about 75% of the cumulative life cycle environmental impacts of a
standard batch chemical operation.
 Solvents and mass separation agents also drive most of the energy consumption in a process.
Think about it for a moment. Solvents are alternately heated, distilled, cooled, pumped,
mixed, distilled under vacuum, filtered, etc. And that's before they may or may not be
recycled. If they're not recycled, they are often incinerated.
 Solvents are also the major contributors to the overall toxicity profile and because of that,
compose the majority of the materials of concern associated with a process. On average,
they contribute the greatest concern for process safety issues because they are flammable
and volatile, or under the right conditions, explosive. They also generally drive workers to
don personal protective equipment of one kind or another.
 The object is to choose solvents that make sense chemically, reduce the energy
requirements, have the least toxicity, have the fewest life cycle environmental impacts and
don't have major safety impacts.
SOLVENT SELECTION
SOLVENT REPLACEMENT TABLE
PROCESS 1

 A recent example of a green solvent that is now in commercial use is in fabric

dyeing. Traditional dyeing also requires a lot of water about 7 gallons to dye a
T-shirt.
 Dutch start-up firm DyeCoo Textile Systems recently invented an industrial-
scale, water-free dyeing process and equipment that uses supercritical carbon
dioxide, which functions like a liquid when under pressure and at slightly
elevated temperature
 The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop
process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂), a phase
between a liquid and a gas. In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power,
allowing the dye to dissolve easily. Thanks to the high permeability, the dyes
are transported easily and deeply into fibres, creating vibrant colours.
PROCESS 2
 In recent years, manufacturers of laundry detergents, spray cleaners, and
other cleaning products for home and industry have been adding greener
solvents to improve their performance, for both environmental and human
health reasons.
 Procter & Gamble and DuPont use cellulosic ethanol derived from corncobs
and stalks in TideColdwater Clean.
 The cellulosic ethanol produced by a plant will replace ethanol derived from
corn kernels.
 Blending this cellulosic ethanol into Tide Coldwater will repurpose more than
7,000 tons of agricultural waste a year, and in the process will save the
amount of energy needed to wash all the clothes in California homes for a
month.
 DuPont also sells another bio-based chemical, 1,3-propanediol, as a solvent,
stabilizer, and enzyme carrier. Propanediol is found in environmentally
friendly Method brand cleaning products, including a spray cleaner and a
concentrated laundry detergent
ADVANTAGES

 Industrial solvent users can be subject to a variety of federal and state air
emissions regulations that control emissions of volatile organic compound,
VOCs in order to limit ground level ozone pollution
 Control emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs).
 Facilities can avoid significant costs associated with air regulatory
compliance.
 The reduction in the use of hazardous solvents and the use of non-hazardous
solvents (i.e. certain aqueous based solvents) in the place of hazardous
solvents, allows a facility to be subject to less stringent Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations for the management of the
hazardous waste solvent, because the applicable regulations vary according to
the volume and toxicity of hazardous waste solvent generated.
DISADVANTAGE

 Low solubility of some reagents

NANDRI VANAKKAM
XIE XIE
THANK YOU
TERIMA KASIH