UNIT :7

Human Population and

Environment
Population Growth, Demographic Variation among
Nations
India is the second most populated country in the world with nearly a fifth of
the world's population. Population of India in 2018 is 1,354,051,854, 1.35
billion.
India is projected to be the world's most populous country by
2022,surpassing China.
Population growth rate as per 2011 census : 17.7%
Most Populated state : Uttar Pradesh
Least Populated state : Sikkim
Most Populated UT : Delhi
Least Populated UT: Lakshadweep
Density of Population : No. of persons per sq. km – 382
P/Sq. Km.
State & UT with highest density : Bihar and Delhi
State & UT with least density : Arunachal Pradesh &
 Factors affecting Population
Push Factors Pull Factors
1. Education 1. Education
2. Jobs/Employment 2. Jobs/Employment
Opportunities Opportunities
3. Medical Facilities 3. Medical Facilities
 Impacts of Human Population on Environment
• The utilization, overuse and misuse of physical
resources increased manifold due to rising
human population.
 Impacts of Rising Human Population on Environment
• Physical environment means – non living environment or the land, air, water, soil and
• minerals. The utilization, overuse and misuse of physical resources increased manifold
• due to the growth of human population. As it has been told earlier, more population means
• more mouths to eat food which requires more agricultural production. More cultivable
• land has been made available by clearing forests and by reclaiming wet lands, ponds and
• green belts. Advanced agriculture requires utilization of more water, more fertilizers and
• more pesticides. Application of fertilizers and pesticides makes the soil infertile. Clearing
• of forests has its own serious impacts and the environment on the whole gets imbalanced.
• More population means more space to construct houses and availability of more consumer
• goods. It also requires more means of transport, more consumption of fossil fuels and
• more pollution of air, land and water. Thus growth of population leads to pollution of air,
• land and water. Different types of pollutions are causing a number of problems in the
• physical environment that are further affecting the biological environment seriously
• Air and water pollution
• Deforestation
• Depletion of ozone layer
• Extinction of species
• Global warming and climate change

(PDF) IMPACT OF POPULATION EXPLOSION ON ENVIRONMENT. Available from:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237771340_IMPACT_OF_POPULATION_EXPLOSION_ON
_ENVIRONMENT [accessed Nov 03 2018].
Value Education : Environment Ethics
What are Environmental Ethics ?

• Environmental ethics is a form of philosophy

that considers the ways humans interact with
their natural environment and with non
human animals. This includes a moral
consideration of the human approach to
natural resources.
 Environment Education and Public
Awareness
Environmental Education (EE) is the teaching of
individuals, and communities, in transitioning
to a society that is knowledgeable of the
environment and its associated problems,
aware of the solutions to these problems, and
motivated to solve them.
Population Growth, Demographic Variation among
Nations
India is the second most populated country in the world with nearly a fifth of
the world's population. According to the United Nations in July 2016, the
population stood at 1,326,801,576.[
India is projected to be the world's most populous country by
2022,surpassing China.
Population growth rate as per 2011 census : 17.7%
Most Populated state : Uttar Pradesh
Least Populated state : Sikkim
Most Populated UT : Delhi
Least Populated UT: Lakshadweep
Density of Population : No. of persons per sq. km – 382
P/Sq. Km.
State & UT with highest density : Bihar and Delhi
State & UT with least density : Arunachal Pradesh &
 Factors affecting Population
Push Factors Pull Factors
1. Education 1. Education
2. Jobs/Employment 2. Jobs/Employment
Opportunities Opportunities
3. Medical Facilities 3. Medical Facilities
Factors governing Population Distribution