UMTS

The UMTS
Radio Access Network

1
 Objectives
• What is ATM and it’s Adaption Layers ?
• Overview of present GSM/GPRS Network
• UMTS Protocol Stacks
• Net Overview with Channel Allocation, Example
• Cell Update with SRNC Relocation (Simplified)

2
 ? What is ATM and its Adaption Layer

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services
(TS 24.080)

CC/MM/RR/SM/GMM SMS (TS24.011,

(TS 24.008) TS23.040) Q.2630.1
NBAP (TS 25.433) PDCP (TS 25.323)
/BMC (TS 25.324)
RRC (TS 25.331) STC Q.2150.2

RLC (TS 25.322) RLC (TS 25.322)

SSCF- SSCF- MAC (TS 25.321)
MAC(TS 25.321)
UNI(Q.2130) UNI(Q.2130)
UP FP (TS 25.427, TS 25.435 UP FP
SSCOP (Q.2110) SSCOP (Q.2110) TS 25.427, TS 25.435 ff
ff)
AAL 2 (I.363.2) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL 2 (I.363.2)

ATM

3
 ATM Cell
5 byte 48 byte

VPI VCI PT CLP HEC Data

Payload

Header Error Control

CRC of the cell header
Cell Loss Priority
Indication of cells to be
discarded first in case of
congestion
0 important cell
1 less important cell
Payload Type
0-3 User payload
4-5 O&M Example:
VPI=0, VCI=34 : AAL2L3 Signalling
Virtual Channel Identifier
VPI=0, VCI=35 : NBAP Signalling
Virtual Path Identifier VPI=0, VCI=65…68 : User Traffic

4
 ATM Layer Architecture

Service Specific Part Convergence Sublayer SSCS

AAL Convergence Sublayer CPCS
Common Part Segmentation and
Reassembly Sublayer
SAR
ATM Cell construction, transfer via paths and channels

5
 ATM Adaptation Layer
A B C D

Bit Rate Constant Variable

Source & Dest. Synchronised Not Synchronised

Connection Type Connection oriented Connectionless

Fixed Audio & Frame IP

Typical Use connection Video Relay Services

AAL1 AAL2 AAL5 AAL3/4

ATM

6
 AAL2 Format (UP and RNCP)

 Multi-Stream, connection oriented and variable bit rates

 UMTS: Audio (Speech), and MAC/RLC Streams
 Specified in ITU-T I.363.2

Channel 1
Channel Identifier

Channel 2
1 Layer Management
2 O&M
Header 3 byte 8 – 255 AAL2 CPS user

CPS Packet other H- other H-

CID CPS-Packet payload CID CPS-Packet payload
para para

STF 1 byte

CPS PDU Header CPS-PDU payload PAD

48 byte

ATM Cell

7
 AAL5 Format

 Packet transport, connection oriented and variable bit rates

 UMTS: Signalling transport
 Specified in ITU-T I.363.5

Trailer 8 byte

AAL5 CPCS PDU CPCS-PDU payload PAD other T-para CRC

Multiples of 48 byte

ATM Cell

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 Overview of an Integrated Mobile Network

PSTN AUC Gi
GMSC GGSN PDN
PSTN H

C Gc
HLR other PLMN
Gn
D Gr Gp
G EIR
VLR VLR F Gf
SGSN
MSC MSC Gs
E
Iu-CS Iu-PS
Gb
A Iu-CS Iu-PS

BSS RAN RAN BSS

BSC RNC RNC BSC
Iur

Abis Iub Iub Abis

BTS BTS Node B Node B Node B Node B BTS BTS

9
 UTRAN Architecture

 Soft HO: UE is connected to more than one Node B

 Softer HO: UE is connected to several sectors of one Node B

Core Network

Iu Iu
Iur
D-RNC S-RNC

Iu Iu Iu Iu
b b b b

Node B Node B Node B Node B

cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell

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 UMTS Protocol Stack Iur

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services

CC/MM/RR/SM/GMM SMS Q.2630.1

RNSAP (TS 25.423) PDC/BMC
RRC Q.2150.1

SCCP (Q.711)

RLC MTP3-b M3UA MTP3-B M3UA RLC

SSCF-
MAC SSCF-NNI SCTP SCTP MAC
NNI
UP FP SSCOP IP SSCOP IP UP FP

AAL 2 AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL5 AAL 2 (I.363.2)

ATM

11
 UMTS Protocol Stack Iub

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services

CC/MM/RR/SM/GMM SMS
Q.2630.1 PDCP (TS 25.323)
NBAP (TS 25.433)
/BMC (TS 25.324)
RRC (TS 25.331) STC Q.2150.2

RLC (TS 25.322) RLC (TS 25.322)

MAC(TS 25.321) SSCF-UNI SSCF-UNI MAC (TS 25.321)

UP FP TS 25.427, TS 25.435 SSCOP SSCOP (Q.2110) UP FP

AAL 2 (I.363.2) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL 2 (I.363.2)

ATM

12
 UMTS Protocol Stack Iu-CS

Radio Network Control Plane Transport Network User Plane User Plane
Control Plane Data Services Voice Service

Suppl.Services
(TS 24.080)
TAF (TS 27.001/2) AMR Codec
AAL2 L3 (Q.2630.1)
SMS (TS24.011,
CC/MM/RR (TS24.008) TS23. 040) RLP (TS 24.022)
STC/MTP (Q.2150.1)
RANAP (TS 25.413) Iu UP (TS 25.415)

SCCP (Q.711)

MTP3-b (Q.2210) MTP3-b (Q.2210)

SSCF-NNI (Q.2140) SSCF-NNI (Q.2140)

SSCOP (Q.2110) SSCOP (Q.2110)

AAL-5 (I.363.5) AAL-5 (I.363.5) AAL- 2 (I.363.2 and I.366.1)

ATM

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 UMTS Protocol Stack Iu-PS

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services (TS24.080)

GMM/SM (TS 24.008) SMS (TS24.011,TS23.040)

IP
RANAP (TS 25.413)

SCCP (Q.711)
M3UA (IETF draft GTP-U (TS 29.060)
MTP3-b (Q.2210)
2/2000)
SCTP (IETF draft UDP (RFC 768)
SSCF-NNI (Q.2140)
2/2000)
IP (RFC 791, opt. 2460,
SSCOP (Q.2110) IP (RFC 791, 1483, 2225) 1483, 2225)
AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL 5 (I.363.5)

ATM

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 Net Overview with Channel Allocation

cell1
K1297-G20 RRC Monitor

Channels: RACHphy, FACHphy, PCHphy for cell1

Node B AAL2 links: VPI/VCI/CID for cell 1

RNC

ALCAP – AAL2L3
Handover
NBAP

AAL2 links: VPI/VCI/CID for cell 2

Transport Network Control Plane

Channels: RACHphy, FACHphy, PCHphy for cell2 Radio Network Control Plane
Common Control Channels
DCCH: RRC / Non Access Stratum
cell2 DCCH: User Data
Uu Iub

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 NodeB Setup on Iub 1/5
May we perform
NodeB an audit? RNC

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Audit Required ]

Tell me about
your status!

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Audit ]

Here is my
status!

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: Audit ]

I support the
following cells:

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Resource Status Indication ]

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 NodeB Setup on Iub 2/5
Those cells are
NodeB known as...

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Cell Setup ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: Cell Setup ]

NBAP: Initiating Message

[ Procedure Code: Common Trans Channel Setup, PCH ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome

[ Procedure Code: Common Trans Channel Setup ]

AAL2L3: Establish Request ( PCH )

AAL2L3: Establish Confirm

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 NodeB Setup on Iub 3/5

NodeB RNC

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: System Info Update ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: System Info Upd. ]

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Unblock Resource ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: Unblock Resource ]

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 NodeB Setup on Iub 4/5

NodeB RNC
NBAP: Initiating Message
[ Procedure Code: Common Trans Channel Setup, FACH ]
NBAP: Successful Outcome
[ Procedure Code: Common Trans Channel Setup ]
AAL2L3: Establish Request ( FACH )

AAL2L3: Establish Confirm

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: System Info Update ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: System Info Upd. ]

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Unblock Resource ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: Unblock Resource ]

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 NodeB Setup on Iub 5/5

NodeB RNC
NBAP: Initiating Message
[ Procedure Code: Common Trans Channel Setup, RACH ]
NBAP: Successful Outcome
[ Procedure Code: Common Trans Channel Setup ]
AAL2L3: Establish Request ( RACH )

AAL2L3: Establish Confirm

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: System Info Update ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: System Info Upd. ]

NBAP: Initiating Message [ Procedure Code: Unblock Resource ]

NBAP: Successful Outcome [ Procedure Code: Unblock Resource ]

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 Cell Update with SRNC Relocation
(Simplified)

Core Network
12.
5. Reloc 11.
4. Reloc 10. Relocation Iu 6. Reloc 3. Relocation
Req Iu
Request Complete Rel Com Required
Ack Rel
Comp
7. Relocation Commit
Target RNC 2. Uplink Sign. Transfer Ind.
Serving RNC
8. DCCH:
1. CCCH: Cell 9. DCCH: RNTI
Cell Update Upd Reallocation
Conf Complete

Node B Node B Node B RRC

cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
RNSAP

RANAP

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 AAL2L3 Protocol

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services
(TS 24.080)

CC/MM/RR/SM/GMM SMS (TS24.011,

(TS 24.008) TS23.040) Q.2630.1
NBAP (TS 25.433) PDCP (TS 25.323)
/BMC (TS 25.324)
RRC (TS 25.331) STC Q.2150.2

RLC (TS 25.322) RLC (TS 25.322)

SSCF- SSCF- MAC (TS 25.321)
MAC(TS 25.321)
UNI(Q.2130) UNI(Q.2130)
UP FP (TS 25.427, TS 25.435 UP FP
SSCOP (Q.2110) SSCOP (Q.2110) TS 25.427, TS 25.435
ff)
AAL 2 (I.363.2) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL 2 (I.363.2)

ATM

22
 AAL2L3 Protocol

 ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 – Layer 3 Signaling

 AAL2L3 provides the signaling capability to establish, release
and maintain AAL type 2 point-to-point connections, i.e.
transport bearers
 AAL2L3 represents the ALCAP functionality
 Specified in ITU-T Q2630

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 AAL2L3 Protocol

AAL type 2 messages and the coding of the message identifiers

Message Acronym Message identifier
Block confirm BLC 00000001
Block request BLO 00000010
Confusion CFN 00000011
Establish confirm ECF 00000100
Establish request ERQ 00000101
Release confirm RLC 00000110
Release request REL 00000111
Reset confirm RSC 00001000
Reset request RES 00001001
Unblock confirm UBC 00001010
Unblock request UBL 00001011

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 AAL2 L3 Message Flow

NodeB ALCAP Downlink ERQ (Traffic Channel) RNC

(Originating Sign. Association ID=a, Path ID, Channel ID)

ALCAP Uplink ECF

(Originating Sign. Association ID =b/Destination Sign. Association ID =a)

DCCH

ALCAP Downlink REL (Traffic Channel)

(Destination Sign. Association ID =b)

ALCAP Uplink RLC

(Destination Sign. Association ID =a)

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 Node B Application Part

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services
(TS 24.080)

CC/MM/RR/SM/GMM SMS (TS24.011,

(TS 24.008) TS23.040) Q.2630.1
NBAP (TS 25.433) PDCP (TS 25.323)
/BMC (TS 25.324)
RRC (TS 25.331) STC Q.2150.2

RLC (TS 25.322) RLC (TS 25.322)

SSCF- SSCF- MAC (TS 25.321)
MAC(TS 25.321)
UNI(Q.2130) UNI(Q.2130)
UP FP (TS 25.427, TS 25.435 UP FP
SSCOP (Q.2110) SSCOP (Q.2110) TS 25.427, TS 25.435 ff
ff)
AAL 2 (I.363.2) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL 2 (I.363.2)

ATM

26
 NBAP (Node B Application Part)

 Cell Configuration Management

 Common Transport Channel Configuration
 System Information Management
 Resource Event Management
 Measurements on common and dedicated resources
 Radio Link Management of dedicated resources
 Radio Link Supervision

Specified in 3GPP 25.433

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 NBAP “Elementary” Procedures

 Two classes of elementary procedures:

 Class 1: Elementary procedure with response,
success or failure
 Class 2: Elementary procedure without response
 NBAP Initiating Message is transporting the
procedure request
 For Class 1 elementary procedure the response is
transmitted
 Success: Successful Outcome Message
 Failure: Unsuccessful Outcome Message
 The elementary procedure is identified by the
parameter
Procedure Identification Code

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 FP Channel Setup

NodeB RNC
NBAP Initiating Message [Procedure Code: Radio Link Setup]
(longTID =c / Block Size / TTI / CodingRate)

NBAP Successful Outcome [Procedure Code: Radio Link Setup]

(longTID =c / Binding ID=d)

ALCAP Downlink ERQ (Traffic Channel)

(Served User Generic Reference =d)

ALCAP Uplink ECF

DCCH

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 UP Frame Protocol

Transport Network
Radio Network Control Plane User Plane
Control Plane

Suppl.Services
(TS 24.080)

CC/MM/RR/SM/GMM SMS (TS24.011,

(TS 24.008) TS23.040) Q.2630.1
NBAP (TS 25.433) PDCP (TS 25.323)
/BMC (TS 25.324)
RRC (TS 25.331) STC Q.2150.2

RLC (TS 25.322) RLC (TS 25.322)

SSCF- SSCF- MAC (TS 25.321)
MAC(TS 25.321)
UNI(Q.2130) UNI(Q.2130)
UP FP (TS 25.427, TS 25.435 UP FP
SSCOP (Q.2110) SSCOP (Q.2110) TS 25.427, TS 25.435 ff
ff)
AAL 2 (I.363.2) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL5 (I.363.5) AAL 2 (I.363.2)

ATM

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 UMTS Channels

NodeB RNC

RLC (TS 25.322)

What?
Logical Channels

Mapping of
MAC (TS 25.321) logical channels on
How? transport channels
Transport Channels

- Multiplexing
UP FP
TS 25.427, TS 25.435
- Segmentation
- Transport of Transport Block
Where? Sets across Iub and Iur
Physical Channels

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 Where: Physical Channels in UMTS
Channel Short Direction Duplex-Mode
Dedicated Physical Data Channel DPDCH Uplink FDD
Dedicated Physical Control Channel DPCCH Uplink FDD
Downlink FDD, TDD
Dedicated Physical Channel DPCH
Uplink TDD
Synchronisation Channel SCH Downlink FDD
Primary Synchronisation Channel P-SCH Downlink FDD
Secondary Synchronisation Channel S-SCH Downlink FDD
Common Control Physical Channel CCPCH Downlink FDD, TDD
Primary Common Control Physical Channel P-CCPCH Downlink FDD
Secondary Common Control Physical Channel S-CCPCH Downlink FDD
Common Pilot Channel CPICH Downlink FDD
Physical Random Access Channel PRACH Uplink FDD, TDD
Physical Common Packet Channel PCPCH Uplink FDD
Paging Indication Channel PICH Downlink FDD
Acquisition Indication Channel AICH Downlink FDD
Physical Downlink Shared Channel PDSCH Downlink FDD, TDD
Physical Uplink Shared Channel PUSCH Uplink TDD

32
 How: Data Transfer on Transport
Channels
MAC

DCH-1

DCH-2

DCH-3
Coded Composite Transport Channel (CCTrCH)

WCDMA

DCH-1 Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block

Transmission Time
Interval (TTI) Transport Block Transport
Transport Block Transport Block Block Set
DCH-2 Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block (TBS)
TTI

Transport Bl. Transport Bl. Transport Bl.

DCH-3 Transport Bl. Transport Bl. Transport Bl. Transport Bl.
TTI

33
 How: Common Transport Channels

BCH Broadcast Channel, transmit information specific to the UTRA

network or for a given cell.
PCH Paging Channel, transmit data relevant to the paging procedure, that
is, when the network wants to initiate communication with the
terminal.
FACH Forward Access Channel, transmit control information

Mandatory
or packet data in downlink direction.
RACH Random Access Channel, transmit control information or packet
data in uplink direction.
Uplink Common Packet Channel, extension to the

Optional
CPCH
RACH that is to carry packet-based user data.
DSCH Downlink Shared Channel, transmit control information and/or
dedicated user data. It can be shared by several users.

34
 How: Dedicated Transport Channels

DCH Dedicated Channel or Dedicated Transport Channel

Transport of all the information for a given user coming
from layers above the physical layer, including service
data, such as speech frames, as well as higher layer
control information, such as handover commands or
measurement reports.

35
 What: Mapping Logical to Transport
Channels

Logical Channel
BCCH PCCH DCCH CCCH DTCH MAC SAPs

Transport Channel
BCH PCH CPCH RACH FACH DCH DSCH

36
 RLC Functions
Transparent entity
Segmentation / Reassembly
Transfer of application data
37
Unacknowledged entity
Segmentation / Reassembly
Concatenation
Padding
Transfer of application data
Ciphering
Sequence Number Check
Suspend/Resume functionality
Acknowledged entity
Segmentation / Reassembly
Concatenation
Padding
Transfer of application data
Ciphering
Error correction
In sequence delivery
Flow control
Duplicate detection
Protocol error detection and
recovery
 Location Update on Iub 1/3

NodeB RNC

( RLC-SAP: TM, RACH ) rrcConnection Request

(IMSI or TMSI, Cause=Registration)
NBAP Initiating Message (Procedure Code: Radio Link Setup)
(Scrambling Code=e)

NBAP Successful Outcome (Procedure Code: Radio Link Setup)

AAL2L3: Establish Request (DCCH)

AAL2L3: Establish Confirm

(DCCH) FP: UL – DL – SYNC

38
 Location Update on Iub 2/3

NodeB RNC
( RLC-SAP: UM, FACH ) RRC: rrcConnection Setup (IMSI or TMSI)
(Scrambling Code=e)

NBAP: Initiating Message (Procedure Code: Radio Link Restoration)

(RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH) RRC: rrcConnection Setup Complete

(RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH) RRC: Initial Direct Transfer (NAS: LUREQ)

(RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (NAS: AUTREQ)

(RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer (NAS: AUTRESP)

39
 Location Update on Iub 3/3

NodeB RNC

( RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH ) RRC: Security Mode Command

( RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH ) RRC: Security Mode Complete

(RLC-SAP: AM, DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer (NAS: LUACC)

(RLC-SAP: UM, DCCH) RRC: rrcConnection Release

(RLC-SAP: UM, DCCH) RRC: rrcConnection Release Complete

NBAP Initiating Message (Procedure Code: Radio Link Deletion)

NBAP Successful Outcome (Procedure Code: Radio Link Deletion)

AAL2L3: Release Request

AAL2L3: Release Confirm

40
 QUESTIONS

41
 Thanks for Your
Attendance!

42