LOCATION OF FAULT ON

TRANSMISSION LINES USING

WAVELET TRANSFORM

SUBMITTED BY:
k m tarajyothi m.e (idc)
100509743122
 INDEX
 TYPES OF FAULTS

 CAUSES OF FAULTS

 INTRODUCTION TO WAVELET TRANSFORM

 WAVELET ANALYSIS

 WAVELET TRANSFORMS

 WAVELET APPLICATIONS
Types of faults:
 Series Faults

 Shunt faults
1) L – G
2) L- L
3) 2L- G
4) 3- ф
 CAUSES OF FAULTS:
 Caused by insulation failures or conducting path
failures

 Due to lighting and switching surges

 Over head lines : direct lightning strokes, ice and snow

loading, storms, earthquakes, etc.

 Transformers & generators: failure of solid insulation

due to ageing, heat, moisture or over voltage etc.
INTRODUCTION TO WAVELET TRANSFORM:

 Fourier Transform gives the frequency information of the

signal.

 Impossible to tell when a particular event takes place.

 A Wavelet Transform is the most recent solution to overcome

the drawbacks of FT.

 Wavelet is a short duration wave.

WAVELET ANALYSIS:
 Wavelet analysis represents a windowing technique with variable sized
regions.

 The wavelet analysis does not use a time frequency region , but a time
scale region is used.
 WT represents the signal as a sum of wavelets at
different locations and scales.

 Wavelet analysis procedure is to adopt a wavelet

prototype function, called MOTHER wavelet.

 Wavelet transform can be accomplished in two ways:

1) Continuous wavelet transform

2) Discontinuous wavelet transform

Need of DWT:
 Employed to decompose the signal frequency spectrum into a
spectrum of desired frequency

 Sufficient information for analysis and synthesis

 The DWT of a signal X(k) is given by:

Advantages of DWT:
 Easy to implement

 Reduction in computation time

Inverse DWT is given by:

Application of DWT in fault detection:
 Decompose signal into different frequency bands

 Utilized in detecting faults

 Useful in analyzing transient phenomena

 Ability to analyze a localized area of the signal

 Realizes non-stationary signals

WAVELET APPLICATIONS:

1. Biology for cell membrane recognition to distinguish

the normal from the pathological membranes.

2. Metallurgy for the characterization of rough

surfaces.

3. Rupture and edges detection.

4. Identifying pure frequencies.

5. Suppressing signals.
THANKYOU…
conclusion