AN ANALYSIS OF COMPOUND WORDS IN THE

JAKARTA POST

PRAYOGA SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE

PADANG
2014
 PROBLEM OF THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DEFINITION OF KEY
BACKGROUND STUDY STUDY TERMS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
METHODS
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER IV
INTRODUCTION
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 PROBLEM OF THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DEFINITION OF KEY
BACKGROUND STUDY TERMS
CHAPTER I STUDY

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE 1 BACKGROUND
There are three reasons for choosing this topic:

CHAPTER III 1) Language is a key aspect of social identity

RESEARCH
METHODS 2) Mass media has influence for the reader such
as in the Jakarta Post
CHAPTER IV
3) Compound words is very important in English
FINDINGS & Language because its function to form a new
word.
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 PROBLEM OF THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DEFINITION OF KEY
BACKGROUND STUDY STUDY TERMS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II 2. PROBLEM OF THE

REVIEW OF

The main problemSTUDY

RELATED
LITURATURE
of the research is compound words.
The problems that can be formulated as follows:
CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
METHODS 1) What are the forms of compound words found in
the Jakarta Post?
CHAPTER IV 2) What are the meanings of compound words in the
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS
Jakarta Post?

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 PROBLEM OF THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DEFINITION OF KEY
BACKGROUND
CHAPTER I STUDY STUDY TERMS

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE
3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The purposes of the study are as followed:
CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
METHODS
1) To identify the forms of compound words used in
the Jakarta Post
2) To identify the meanings of compound words used
CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS &
in the Jakarta Post
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 PROBLEM OF THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DEFINITION OF
BACKGROUND
STUDY STUDY KEY TERMS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II 4. DEFINITION OF KEY

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE
TERMS
1) Compound word is individual word that are
CHAPTER III “joined together” ( Akmajian 2010, p. 35)
RESEARCH 2) Form is general structure; the figure of a person or
METHODS
animal; a particular mode, kind and type
(Webster’s Universal Dictionary & thesaurus
CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS &
2005,p.201)
DISCUSSIONS
3) Meaning is a systematic account of the nature of
meaning (Leech 1981, p. 4)
CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 THEORETICAL CONCEPTUAL
PREVIOUS STUDY
FRAMEWORKS FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
CHAPTER II
METHODS
REVIEW OF RELATED
CHAPTER IV LITURATURE
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 THEORETICAL CONCEPTUAL
PREVIOUS STUDY
FRAMEWORKS FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1. THEORETICAL
1) The Forms of Compound words
CHAPTER II FRAMEWORKS
2) The meaning of compound words
REVIEW OF
RELATED
Cruz-Ferreira statesp.77),
Cruz-Ferreira (2006, that“Athere are four
compound word forms
shows aofspecific
LITURATURE
compound
concept. word. They are compound nouns, compound
Foradjectives,
instance : handball..
compoundThe word “Handball”
verbs doesn’t mean a ball made
and compound
CHAPTER III of hands or a ball to be carried by hand. But, the exact meaning of the
RESEARCH
preposition.
word handball is any of several games in which players throw a ball to
METHODS each other according to Crowther (1995) in his Oxford dictionary, the
meaning
Brintonof (1987,
compoundp.95)
word handball doesthere
says that not carry the meaning
is almost of its
no limit
element.
CHAPTER IV to the kinds of combinations of compounds that occur
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS inAkmajian
English (2010) “compound word is individual words are joined
together and its word forms a new word.”
For example: ape-man
CHAPTER V  Bauer
McGregor(1983)
(2009) said that there isare
“Compounding twofour forms words
separate of are
CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS
compound words.
sometimes joined They
together are acompound
to form single word.”nouns,
For example verbs,
compound : Loanword
compound adjectives, and compound
 Carstairs-McCarthy “compound is words formed by combining roots.”
BIBLIOGRAPHY
adverbs
 THEORETICAL CONCEPTUAL
PREVIOUS STUDY FRAMEWORK
FRAMEWORKS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF 2. PREVIOUS STUDY

1) Ayu Widia Ningsih (UNP). Her title is Types and Processes of Compound
RELATED Words Used in Headline News Columns in “The Jakarta Post” Newspaper.” she
LITURATURE
found compound noun. In her study compound noun is the most kind of
compound words found in this newspaper.
CHAPTER III 2) Zaenal Arifin . His title “A Morphological Study on English Compound Words
RESEARCH
Found in Kangguru Radio English Magazine.” He found four forms of compound
METHODS words found in KGRE magazine. They are Compound Noun, Compound Verb,
Compound Adjectives, and Compound Adverb.
3) Muhibulloh . His title “A Morphological Study on Javanese Compounding
CHAPTER IV Idiomatic Expression.” The result of his study is that there are seven
FINDINGS &
constructions Javanese compound idiomatic expression.
DISCUSSIONS 4) Elsy Morina (Andalas University Padang ) . Her title “Compounding in
Glamour Magazine.” The result of her study is finding three kinds of compound
words.
CHAPTER V 5) Tutik Mulyani . Her title “A descriptive Study on Javanese Compound Word
CONCLUSIONS & Used in Panjebar Semangat magazine.” She found construction of Javanese
SUGGESTIONS compound words very much .

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 THEORETICAL PREVIOUS STUDY CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORKS FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

3. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER II
Compound Words
REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III
Forms of compound words Meanings of Compound
RESEARCH
METHODS
Words

CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

Findings

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TYPE OF
DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS
RESEARCH
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
METHODS CHAPTER III
CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH METHODS
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TYPE OF RESEARCH DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1. TYPE OF RESEARCH
CHAPTER II The writer uses desriptive research in doing research.
REVIEW OF


RELATED
LITURATURE Shields & Rangarajan (2013) “descriptive research is
used to describe characteristics of a population or
CHAPTER III phenomenon being studied.”
RESEARCH
METHODS
 This research was designed with research design
proposed by Creswell (2009, p.3). Research designs
CHAPTER IV are plans and the procedures for research. It purposes
FINDINGS & to detailed methods of data collection and analysis. This
DISCUSSIONS
method become a guide of the data collection an the
data analysis.
CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TYPE OF
DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS
RESEARCH
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF Merriam2. DATA

(2002, p.12)SOURCES
“There are three major
sources of data for qualitative research study.
RELATED
LITURATURE

They are interview, observation and document.”

CHAPTER III

The writer in this research uses newspaper as a

RESEARCH
METHODS

source of the data.

CHAPTER IV The data sources are from several Jakarta Post
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS
newspapers published from January and February
2014. These data come from the political column
CHAPTER V
on Jakarta post
CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TYPE OF
DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS
RESEARCH
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III The reason2.why

DATA SOURCES
the writer chooses newspaper as
RESEARCH sources of data because:
METHODS
 Newspaper is available
 The Jakarta post is one of the largest daily
CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS &
English language newspapers in Indonesia
DISCUSSIONS
 The Jakarta post is also published every day

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TYPE OF
DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS
RESEARCH
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III
3. DATA
Creswell COLLECTION
(2009, p.178) says that the data
RESEARCH
METHODS
collection steps include setting the boundaries for
the study and collecting information through
CHAPTER IV
document.
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

 Taking some information in the Jakarta post

CHAPTER V  Reading the information from some books
CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS
Getting data from internet which will intend to
support the problem of the research.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TYPE OF
DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS
RESEARCH
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II According4.toDATA
Hancock ANALYSIS
(2009, p24) Analysis of data in a
REVIEW OF research project involves summarizing the mass of data
RELATED
LITURATURE collected and presenting the results in a way that communicates
the most important features.
CHAPTER III There are seven steps to analysis the data:
RESEARCH 1) Looking for compound words in the political column in the
METHODS
Jakarta post
2) Collecting as many as compound words in political column
CHAPTER IV 3) Presenting various compound words found in political
FINDINGS & column in the Jakarta post
DISCUSSIONS
4) Composing the construction of the compound words
according to the rules
CHAPTER V 5) Describing the part of speech after they are combined or
CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS
the form of compound word itself
6) Giving the meaning compound words after they are
combined
BIBLIOGRAPHY 7) Drawing conclusion based on the data analysis
 FINDINGS DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
METHODS CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS & DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 FINDINGS DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

 The writer found 31 compound words in political column in the

Jakarta post. It consist of
CHAPTER II 1. FINDINGS
1. Compound Noun which are formed by joining
(3) Compound Verbs which are formed by joining
REVIEW OF (a) Noun + Noun, for example the word lawmaker, lawsuit,
RELATED (a) Noun + Verb –ing, for example the word masterminding,
businesspeople, chairperson, plaintiff, videotape, sidelines and
LITURATURE
(b) Adjective + Verb, for example the word safeguard,
headquarter.
(c) Preposition + Verb, for example the word overturn, oversees,
(b) Verb + Noun, for example the word watchdog,
CHAPTER III  andThe upheld,
meaning of compounds is not always the sum of its part. For
(c) Verb III + N, for example the word spokesperson,
RESEARCH (d) Preposition
example the + word
Verb lawsuit,
II, for example theetc
oversight, word underwent,
(d) Noun + Adjective, for example the word secretary-general,
METHODS
(e) Preposition + Verb III, for example the word withdrawn,
(e) Noun + Verb –ing, for example the word groundbreaking,
(f) Preposition + Adjective,
The writer also found thatfortheexample
writing the word
system updated, and
of compounds that
(f) Noun + Verb, for example the word warrant,
(g) Preposition + Noun,
is written with withoutforspace,
exampleandthe
by word undermine.
using mark (-)
CHAPTER IV (g) Adjective + Noun, for example the word newcomer, and
FINDINGS & (h) Preposition + Noun, for example the word oversight.
DISCUSSIONS (4) Compound Preposition which are formed by joining
(a) Preposition + Preposition, for example the word into
(2) Compound Adjectives which are formed by joining
(b) Preposition + Noun, for example the word alongside and
(a) Adverb + V III, for example the word well-known,
CHAPTER V
toward.
CONCLUSIONS &
(b) Adjective + Noun, for example the word short-term,
SUGGESTIONS (c) Noun + Adjective, for example the word nationwide, and
(d) Preposition + Noun, for example the word overseas.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 FINDINGS DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1. THE FORMS OF COMPOUND WORDS FOUND IN THE POLITICAL

CHAPTER II
4. NOUN + ADJECTIVE
COLUMN IN THE JAKARTA 2. DISCUSSIONS
POST
(11) Johan pointed out that many key suspects who could shed
REVIEW OF
further light on Nazaruddin’s illicit practices had received threats,
RELATED
A. COMPOUND NOUNS
LITURATURE
including witness Yulianis, a former employee of Nazaruddin, who
1. NOUN ++NOUN
7. ADJECTIVE NOUN
was reported to the police for defamation by Democratic Party
(1) Anas
(14) fell even
It was from lower
gracethan
afterthat
theof
KPK accused him
newcomer the of receiving
NasDem a
Party,
CHAPTER III secretary-general Edhi “Ibas” Baskoro Yudhoyono.
gratuity
which got from6, the construction firm that won the tender for the Hambalang
9 percent.
RESEARCH
project while serving as a lawmaker in 2009.
METHODS
5. NOUN + VERB –ING
8. PREPOSITION + NOUN
(12) The city administration has voiced doubt over the financial
(15)2.Because
VERB +short-term
NOUN coalitions form soon after the legislative
ability of PT Jakarta Monorail in carrying out the monorail project
CHAPTER IV (9) The watchdogs,
election for the sole including
purposethe ofIndonesia Corruption
nominating Watch (ICW)
a presidential
as no progress has been made since the groundbreaking ceremony
FINDINGS & blasted the KPK
candidate, its “lackin of
the winner theconviction.”
presidential election has to include
in October 2013.
DISCUSSIONS
members of those parties in his or her cabinet, thus reducing the
3. VERB IIIof+house
effectiveness NOUN oversight over the executive, it said.
6. NOUN + VERB
(10) KPK spokesperson Johan Budi said neither the police nor the Attorney
CHAPTER V (13) The party had initially prevented KPK investigators from
General’s Office (AGO), had consulted with the antigraft body.
CONCLUSIONS & seizing the cars, claiming that the investigators failed to show a
SUGGESTIONS
warrant.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 FINDINGS DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

B. COMPOUND ADJECTIVES
1. ADVERB + VERB 2. III DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF 4. PREPOSITION + NOUN

(16)Because Amir did not have enough money, Atut instructed her
RELATED
(19) One of3.several
PREPOSITION
points that+ VERB
need to be implemented relates to
LITURATURE
D. COMPOUND PREPOSITIONS
brother Tubagus Chaeri “Wawan” Wardana, a well-known politically-
overseas voting,
(22) Antasari
which should
then attempted
be held before
to overturn
the nationwide
the election.
wired1.Banten
PREPOSITION + PREPOSITION
businessman, to provide Rp 1 billion.
Supreme Court’s ruling by filing a case review of
CHAPTER III (29) In the 2009 legislative election, the PKB won 4,94 percent of
C. COMPOUND his murder
VERBStrial in February last year
theADJECTIVE
2. popular vote, which translated into 28 seats in the House of
+ NOUN
RESEARCH
1. NOUN + VERB -ING
METHODS
(17)Representatives,
Because short-termmaking it the fourt
coalitions formlargerst Muslim-based
soon after political
the legislative election
(20) Nazaruddin 4. PREPOSITION
was sentenced+inVERB 2012IIfor masterminding the
for party.
the sole purpose of nominating a presidential candidate, the winner in
bribery scheme
(25) Sutarman,
surroundingalong
the construction
with Nationalof Narcotics
the athletes’ village for
the presidential election has to include members of those parties in his or
CHAPTER IV the SoutheastAgency
Asian(BNN)
(SEA) chief
gamesComr.
in Palembang,
Gen. AnangSouth
Iskandar,
Sumatra.
2. PREPOSITION
her cabinet, thus reducing the+ NOUN
effectiveness of house oversight over the
underwent the six-hour interview with six
FINDINGS &
(30) The
executive, president was in the eastern city of Kharkiv, where
it said.
DISCUSSIONS
2. ADJECTIVE
Kompolnas
+ VERB
member at the National Police
governors, provincial officials and legislators gathered alongside
(21) The order
headquarters
to “safeguard”
in SouthwasJakarta.
interpreted by Anas as a damage
top Russian lawmakers
3. NOUN + ADJECTIVE and approved a statement calling on
control command to prevent other members of ruling party from being
CHAPTER V (18)regional authorities
Bima Arya, to chairs
who also take full responsibility
Matahari for constitutional.
Nusantara, PAN’s youth wing
implicated in the case.
CONCLUSIONS & organization, said that the party’s youth nationwide would help mobilize
SUGGESTIONS
support for Hatta.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 FINDINGS DISCUSSIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II
2. DISCUSSIONS
REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE 2. THE MEANINGS OF COMPOUND WORDS FOUND IN THE POLITICAL
COLUMN IN (21)THEThe
(29)In order
JAKARTA
the 2009toPOST
“safeguard”
legislative election,was interpreted
the PKB won by
CHAPTER III
(16) Because AnasAmiras did
4,94a damage
not haveof
percent control
enough command
money,
the popular Atut
vote,to prevent
instructed her
which
brother
(1) AnasTubagus
other
fell fromChaeri
members
grace“Wawan”
translated of
after
intoruling
the28Wardana,
party
KPK
seats infrom
accusedthea being
well-known
him ofofreceiving
House politically-
a
RESEARCH
METHODS wired Banten
gratuity fromimplicated
businessman,
in thetocase.
theRepresentatives,
construction provide thatRp
firmmaking wonit1 the
billion.
the fourt
tender for the
largerst
Hambalang project while serving
Muslim-based as a lawmaker
political party. in 2009.
According to safeguard
Crowtheris(1995),
to protect thesomebody/something.
meaning of well is in aThe satisfactory
CHAPTER IV state or position,
According meaning
to while
Crowther
The compound
meaningknown
(1995), isverb
compound to have
the safeguard
something
meaning
preposition of accomodates
lawinto inis one’s
all themind
rulesor
FINDINGS & memory as the
established abyresult
meaning
of experience,
authority
accomodates of its
orthe elements.
custommeaning learning
Theitsor
for regulating
of meaning
beingthe given
elements. compound
The information.
behavior of
DISCUSSIONS
Those
membersare of
the
verb meaning
safeguard
ameaning
community of or
individual
incountry,
compound thepreposition
sentence
words data
between
while maker into(21)
isinathewell
also and
stillthat
person known.
makes
Thus, well-known
or produces carries is the
familiar
something.
sentence meaning
Thus,or
data famous.
ofalso
lawmaker
(29) its element
The ameaning
is carries
still thatthe
person iswho
of
thecompound
decides the laws
meaning
CHAPTER V adjective
of country.well-known
meaning between
abovethat
of its element does
safeis not
andcarry
the guard.
meaning the between
meaning in ofand
its element.
CONCLUSIONS & The meaning to compound noun lawmaker accomodates the meaning of its
SUGGESTIONS elements.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 CONCLUSIONS SUGGESTIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH
METHODS CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONS
CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 CONCLUSIONS SUGGESTIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II
1. CONCLUSIONS
FIRST, There are several forms of compound words found in political
REVIEW OF
RELATED
column in the Jakarta post.
LITURATURE SECOND, some of the meaning of compound word accomodates the
(1) Compound noun which are formed by joining Noun + Noun, Verb +
meaning of its elements. The compound word itself still carries the
Noun, Verb III + N, Noun + Adjective, Noun + Verb –ing, Noun + Verb,
CHAPTER III meaning of its element. However, some of the meaning of compound
Adjective + Noun, and Preposition + Noun.
word do not explicit accomodate the meanings of the words which
RESEARCH
(2) Compound adjectives which formed by joining Adverb + V III,
METHODS constitute them. It does not carry the meaning of its element.
Adjective + Noun, and Preposition + Noun.
(3) Compound verbs which formed by joining Noun + Verb –ing,
THIRD, in the political column in the Jakarta post, the writer found the
CHAPTER IV adjective + Verb, Preposition + Verb, Preposition + Verb II, Preposition
writing system of compound words such as without space, and using mark
+ Verb III, Preposition + Adjective and Preposition + Noun, and
FINDINGS &
(-). There are 28 the writing system of compound words without space
DISCUSSIONS
(4) Compound preposition which formed by joining Preposition +
found in the political column in the Jakarta post. By using mark (-), there
Preposition and Preposition + Noun.
are 3 the writing system of compound words found in the political column
CHAPTER V in the Jakarta post.
CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 CONCLUSIONS SUGGESTIONS
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II
2. SUGGESTIONS
REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITURATURE

CHAPTER III
* The writer wants to suggest for next research to take their interest in
RESEARCH
METHODS
this topic. They can still take this topic about compound word in the
political column in other mass media.

CHAPTER IV * The writer suggested for the readers to give some criticisms and
FINDINGS & suggestions to make it better.
DISCUSSIONS

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS &
SUGGESTIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER I
Akmajian, Adrian., Demers, Richard A., Farmer, Ann. K., & Harnis,
INTRODUCTION
Robert. M. (2010). Linguistics : An Introduction to Language
and Communication, Sixth Edition. The MIT Press. Cambridge,
CHAPTER II
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Massachusetts, London, England.
REVIEW OF
RELATED Bauer, Laurie ( 1983). English Word-Formation. Cambridge University
LITURATURE
Press. The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CBz ZRu, UK.

CHAPTER III Carstairs-McCarthy, Andrew (2002). An Introduction to English

RESEARCH Morphology : Words and Their Structure. Edinburgh University
METHODS Press Ltd.

Cruz-Ferreira, Magdalena., & Abraham, Sunita Anne.(2nd Edition).

CHAPTER IV
The Language of Language : Core Consepts in Linguistic Analysis.
FINDINGS &
DISCUSSIONS
Gay, L.R. (1978). Introduction to Educational Research. Colombus: L
ondon: Merril Publishing Company.
CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS & Hancock, Beverley.,Ockleford, Elizabeth., Kate, Windridge. (2009).An

SUGGESTIONS
Introduction to Qualitative Research. The NIHR RDS for the East
Midlands. University of Nottingham. University Park.Nottingham.
BIBLIOGRAPHY