SEMANTICS MEANING AND NATURE OF LEXICON

Lecturer : Abdul Syukur, S.Pd., M.Pd

By Group 3:

Faradipa Nursahra (190250302006)

Indah Mayangsari (19025 0302016)

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

TOMAKAKA UNIVERSITY

2022

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 PREFACE

The Author extends special thanks to the God for the blessing and grace for the
author, so she can finish this paper on time. Thanks to Mr Abdul Syukur as the Lecturer
for who always help her students and give a lot of useful knowlegde.

It is one of the assignments in Semanticssubject. It is composed of the

explanation of SEMANTICS MEANING AND NATURE OF LEXICON. This is not a
perfect model so the writer expects the critic and suggestion in order to make it better.

Hopefully this paper can be used as a reference to learn about the extrinsic elements of a
short story.

Mamuju, 18 may 2022

Group 3

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 LIST OF CONTENT

COVER................................................................................................i

PREFACE...........................................................................................ii

LIST OF CONTENT............................................................................iii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION............................................................1

1.1 Backround................................................................................1

1.2 Problem statement...................................................................1

1.3 Objectives................................................................................1

CHAPTER II.......................................................................................2

2.1. Definition of Semantics............................................................2

2.2. Definition of Lexicon.................................................................3

2.3. Kinds of Lexicon.......................................................................4

CHAPTER III.......................................................................................5

3.1 Conclusion...............................................................................5

Daftar Pustaka.....................................................................................6

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 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Backround
Semantics has an important role for linguistics, especially with regard to
with meaning. There are several things that need to be studied in semantic
science mainly lies in the meaning of a word. Presuming that the meaning of
being part of language, then semantics is a part of linguistics which study of
linguistic signs with the things they signify. The word semantics is defined as
the science of meaning or about meaning, namely: one of the three levels of
language analysis, phonology, grammar, and se mantics (Chaer, 1994: 2).
The lexicon is part of culture. Every culture consists of a categorization
system. The word as a central unit in language is characterized by its
syntagmatic mobility; meaning that in relation to other words linearly, the
word will show (1) the word can be separated from other words, (2) can be
reversed in order, (3) can be replaced by another word (4) can be isolated,
with intonation can be used as a sentence. Thus, in this paper will be
discussed further about the lexicon.

1.2 Problem statement

a. What is Semantics?
b. What is Lexicon?
c. What kinds of Lexicon?
1.3 Objectives
a. To know definition of semantics
b. To know definition of Lexicon
c. To know kinds of Lexicon

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 CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Definition of semantics

According to Tarigan [7], semantics examines symbols or signs that
express meaning, meaning relationships with one another, and their
influence on humans and society (Rosita ginting and Sembiring : 2019)
Semantic according to Chaer [8], semantics discussed the relationship
between the word and the concept or meaning of the word, as well as
objects or things referred to by that meaning which are outside the language
(Abdul Chaer : 1994)
According to Ferdinand de Saussure (1966) Put forward semantics,
which consists of (1) components that mean, which are tangible sound forms
of language and (2) the components that are interpreted or the meaning of
the components that are interpreted that first. These two components are
signs or symbols, while those marked or or what it symbolizes is something
different outside the language commonly called referents or things
designated.
Semantics is a sub-discipline of linguistics that deals with meaning,
According to Dr. Mansoer pateda. According to J.W.M Verhaar; 1981:9
Suggests that semantics (English: semantics) means a theory of meaning or
a theory of meaning, namely a branch of systematic language that
investigates meaning or meaning.
So the conclusion, semantitcs is a branch of linguistics that examines
meaning. The meaning studied by semantics is context-free meaning. There
are meanings that are lexical and some are grammatical.
2.2 Definition of Lexicon
Lexicon comes from the Greek, namely, lexikόn or lexikόs which means
word, speech, or way of speaking. The term lexicon is commonly used to
accommodate the concept of a collection of lexemes from a language, either

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as a whole or in part (Chaer, 2007: 2-6). Thus, it can be concluded that the
lexicon is the richness of words owned by a language; language component
that contains all information about the meaning and use of words in
language. If the lexicon is equated with vocabulary, then the lexeme can be
equated with words.
a. Lexicon unit
The unit of the lexicon is a lexeme, which is a meaningful word unit
(Chaer, 2002: 60). The formation of units in lexical, namely:
1) Social and Cultural Development
The word virus, which is only related to disease, is now a general
word to mean anything that interferes and hinders the smooth
running of something, for example, a computer virus
Example:
 The flash disk is infected with a computer virus so that the
data on it cannot be opened.
2) Different Fields of Use
The word sewing, which comes from the convection field, is now
widely used in other fields with the meaning of 'sticking back
something that has been broken' as in the sentence:
 The doctor sews up the abdomen of the mother who has just
given birth by Caesarean.
The types of changes to the lexicon are as follows :
1) The word president in Indonesia already means 'head of state',
while the general meaning of the word president is 'chairman',
"who sits at the front in an organization".
Example:
President Commissioner of a company.
2) The word idiot is replaced with a word or expression whose
meaning is considered more subtle, namely mental retardation.

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 3) The word sadistic is used to replace the word cruel.
2.3 Kind of lexicon
According to Tarigan, Dj. (1994) types of vocabulary can be categorized as
follows.
a. Basic vocabulary
Basic vocabulary (basic vocabulary) are words that are not easily
changed at.
Ex : Mother, father, me etc
b. New vocabulary formation
This new vocabulary appears due to the presence of internal and
external sources of language. Inner sources are defined as Indonesian
self-help vocabulary, while external sources are sources derived from
words in other languages. The vocabulary of these outside sources
includes collections from foreign languages.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion
Semantitcs is a branch of linguistics that examines meaning. The
meaning studied by semantics is context-free meaning. There are meanings
that are lexical and some are grammatical.
Leksikon lazim digunakan untuk mewadahi konsep kumpulan istilah
leksem dari suatu bahasa, baik kumpulan secara keseluruhan, maupun
sebagian (Chaer, 2007: 2-6). Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa
leksikon adalah kekayaan kata yang dimiliki suatu bahasa; komponen
bahasa yang mencakup semua informasi tentang makna dan kata dalam
bahasa. Kalau leksikon disamakan dengan kosakata atau perbendaharaan
kata, maka leksem dapat disamakan dengan kata. The unit of the lexicon is
a lexeme, which is a meaningful word unit (Chaer, 2002: 60). The formation
of lexical units, namely developments in social and cultural development,
differences in the field of use, the existence of abbreviations, and
development of terms. The types of changes in the lexicon are expanding,
narrowing, total changes, smoothing, and roughing.

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 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Chaer, Abdul. 2007. Linguistik Umum. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Chaer, Abdul. 1994. Pengantar Semantik Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Ginting, Rosita, and S. Sembiring. "The description and documentation of the Karonese
semantics." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 374. No. 1. IOP
Publishing, 2019.
Lafamane, F. (2020). Tata Bahasa Sistemik Fungsional (Suatu Pandangan).
Rahmadani, Suci. 2015. Leksikon Bahasa Indonesia. Diakses dari Internet, Mei
2022, sucirahmadaniuir.blogspot.co.id