Sherald Agustin

Caryll Joy Franco

Justin Guillano
Evita Jill Lusanta

Oxidation of
Zarah Parsaso

Acetaldehyde to
form Acetic Acid
Acetaldehyde
Sometimes known as ethanol, is
an organic chemical
compound. It occurs naturally in
ripe fruits, coffee, and fresh
bread and is produced by plants
as part of their metabolism.
In chemical industry,
acetaldehyde is used as an
intermediate in the production
of acetic acid and a number of
other chemicals.
 Acetic acid
Also known as ethanoic acid, is an
organic chemical compound best
recognized for giving vinegar its sour
taste and pungent smell.
 Project Demand
Year
(million tons)

2014 12.124

2015 12.71808

2016 13.34126

2017 13.99498

DEMAND
2018 14.68074

2019 15.40009
Methods of Preparation
1. Methanol Carbonylation
2.Acetaldehyde Oxidation
3. Oxidative Fermentation
4. Anaerobic Fermentation
 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Acetaldehyde Oxygen Acetic Acid Peracetic Acid
Property
(C2H4O) (O2) (CH3COOH) (C2H4O3)
Molecular Weight
44.054 31.999 60.052 76.05
(kg/kmol)
Freezing Point
(°C) -123 -218.8 16.6 0

Boiling Point
(°C) 20.4 -183 117.9 76.04

Critical Temperature
187.8 -118.6 321.2 278.85
(°C)
Critical Pressure (bar) 55.7 50.5 57.9 60.82

Critical Volume (m3/mol) 0.154 0.073 0.171 0.000198

Liquid Density
778 1149 1049 348.1
(kg/m3)
Heat of Vaporization
25749 6824 23697
(J/mol)
Standard Enthalpy of Formation
at 298K -166.47 0 -435.13
(kJ/mol)

Standard Gibbs Energy of

-133.39 0 -376.94
Formation at 298K (kJ/mol)

corrosive and can damage

mildly irritating to the eyes , the can cause irritation to the skin,
can react violently with the eyes and skin,
Physical Hazards skin and the respiratory tract, eyes and respiratory system, can
common materials can also damage the
may cause dermatitis cause permanent lung damage
internal organs
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Acetaldehyde,
FEED also called Ethanal
(CH3CHO), is an aldehyde used as a
starting material in the synthesis of acetic
acid, n-butyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and
other chemical compounds. It is
manufactured by the oxidation of ethyl
alcohol and by the catalytic hydration of
acetylene (in Germany). Pure
acetaldehyde is a colorless, miscible with
water, flammable liquid with pungent,
fruity odor; it boils at 20.8oC.
Component Number of Mass of Number of Mass of
kmoles component kmoles component
entering in kg entering leaving from kg leaving
reactor/hr in reactor/hr reactor/hr from
reactor/hr
Acetaldehyde 100 4400 19.7260 867.9449
Oxygen 50 2000 50 2000
Nitrogen 7.9365 222.2222 7.9365 222.2222
Water 0.7347 13.2397 0.7347 13.2397
Acetic Acid - - 50.0974 3005.8429

INPUT = OUTPUT
Components Number of Standard Heat of Sensible ∆𝐇𝐢
In kmoles heat of phase heats = 𝐧𝐢 ൫𝐇𝐟𝐨 + ∆𝐇𝐩.𝐜 +
entering in formation change ∆𝐇𝐬 KJ/gmol
reactor/hr 𝐇𝐟𝐨 KJ/gmol ∆𝐇𝐩.𝐜
KJ/gmol

Acetaldehyde 100 -166.4 23.2004 42.1921 -10100.75

Water 0.7355 -241.814 42. 5372 11.7817 -137.9026

Oxygen 50 0 5.5898 10.3039 794.6850

Nitrogen 7.9365 0 6.8157 10.1980 135.0292

Components Entering the

Reactor
Components Moles Out Standard Heat of Sensible ∆𝑯𝒊
Out nout Kgmol heat of phase heats = 𝒏𝒊 ൫𝑯𝒐𝒇 + ∆𝑯𝒑.𝒄
formation change ∆𝑯𝒔
𝑯𝒐𝒇 KJ/gmol ∆𝑯𝒑.𝒄

Acetic Acid 50.0974 -461.1 0 23.2910 -21933.0926

Acetaldehyd 19.7260 -166.4 23.2004 42.1921 -1992.4739

Water 0.7347 -241.814 0 11.7817 -169.0047

Oxygen 50 0 0 10.3039 515.1950

Nitrogen 7.9365 0 0 10.1980 80.9364

Components Leaving the

Reactor
 𝑿𝑨 −𝒓𝑨 𝑭𝑨𝒐ൗ
−𝒓𝑨
(mol/m3.s)
(m3)

0 25 1.3889

0.1 22.5 1.5432

0.2 20 1.7361

.3 17.5 1.9841

0.4 15 2.3148

0.5 12.5 2.7778

0.6 10 3.4722

0.7 7.5 4.6296

0.8 5 6.9445

0.9211 1.578 17.6032

Space
𝜏 = 2918.5678 𝑠

Time
 𝐷 = 2.14314 𝑚
𝐿 = 6.42942 𝑚

HEIGHT AND DIAMETER

OF THE REACTOR
SPECIFICATION SHEET
Equipment Reactor
Type of reactor Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor

Operating temperature 60 °C

Operating pressure 1 atm

Volume of reactor 23.1633 m3

Reactor Height 6.5 m

Diameter of Reactor 2.14 m

Thickness of shell 9 mm

Material of Construction Stainless Steel

Support type Leg support