Lecture # 2

INFORMATION SYSTEM
 THE COMPONENTS OF AN INFORMATION
SYSTEM
INPUT

 Activity
of gathering and capturing raw data.
E.g. student grading system

 Input can take many form. Name, roll#

 Inputcan be a manual or automated process.

Barcode reader reads and put items and price
in computerized cash register
PROCESSING
 Involves
converting or transforming data into
useful outputs.

 Can involves making calculations, making

comparisons and taking alternative actions and
storing data 4 future use.

 Processing
can be done manually or with
computer assistance.
OUTPUT

 Involvesproducing useful information, in the

form of documents and reports.

 Output can be producing in a variety of way.

FEED BACK
 Is
output that is used to make changes to input
or processing activities.

 Error
or problem might make it necessary to
correct input or change a process.

 200 grade point instead of 20.

 Feed back is important for mangers and
decision makers
TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Two types of information system

Manual information system

Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS)
MANUAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

 Basically a manual-based information system is

one that does not rely on any
computerized systems and a computer-
based information system does. A manual-
based system will see information recorded
and kept in different ways such as in files in
paper form
COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CBIS)
COMPONENTS OF A CBIS
 Hardware - computer equipment used to perform input, processing,
and output activities.

 Software - computer programs that govern the operation of the

computer.

 Database - an organized collection of facts and information, typically

consisting of two or more related data files.

 People - the most important element in most computer-based

information systems.

 Procedures - include the strategies, policies, methods, and rules for

using the CBIS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS, NETWORK, AND THE
INTERNET
 Telecommunications - the electronic
transmission of signals for communications.

 Networks - used to connect computers and

computer equipment in a building, around the
country, or around the world to enable
electronic communications.

 Internet - the world’s largest computer network,

actually consisting of thousands of
interconnected networks
SUMMARY
 Data - raw facts
 Information - data transformed into a meaningful form
 Systems development - creating or modifying existing
business systems
 Organization - a formal collection of people and
various other resources established to accomplish a
set of goals