Optional Rotary Drilling rig & Construction method

北京市三一重机有限公司
Strength Rotary Drilling rig

Rotary drilling rig’s drilling speed

Fast is 2 ～50 times than percussion drill.

Good construction quality and

Good development trend

Saving Low construction cost

Option & configuration of
Rotary Drilling rig
（1）Option of Rotary Drilling Rig

 Crowding ability：According to Construction ground & rock

hardness to choose rotary drilling rig for adding pressure

 Torque& power rate：According to geology & rotary drilling

rig diameter to choose torque

 Lifting power：According to pile diameter & depth to choose

rotary drilling rig lifting power

 Stability：According to geology & harness to choose rotary

drilling rig’s stability
Option & configuration of
Rotary Drilling rig
（2)Strength of rock rotary drilling rig

 Big crowding power：the need of rock hardness: rope,the mast

structure, vehicle center of mass

 High shock absorbtion：need of rock drilling contion：Mast

structure、drive head structure, rope

 Low speed & high torque：need of rock drilling condition

 widely application in the construction project：

undergound steel casing：rope

 Conprehensive ability：need of rock drilling condition。

Equipment stability
Option & configuration of
Rotary Drilling rig

（3）Figuration of Rotary drilling rig

 Kelly bar model：select different kelly bar model with

different geological hardness.

 Length & number of layers of kelly bar：According to

drilling depth to select length & number of layers of kelly bar.

 Bucket：According to geology to select bucket.

 Auxiliary data & equipment preparation：according to

construction problem to select auxiliary data ,tool & equipment
Option & configuration of
Rotary Drilling rig
Muck layer

Fully Extreme soft

rock Soil & sediment Friction kelly bar
weathered
layer

Strong Soft rock

Pebble layer
weathered

Strong weathered
Semi- Softer rock
rock layer
weathered
Interlock kelly bar
Semi-weathered
rock layer
Weak Harder rock
weathered Weak weathered
rock layer
unweathered Extreme rock Extremely weak
weathered rock layer Steel casing &
compressor
Normal rock layer
Rotary drilling rig can drill into rock layer
Option of kelly bar
Charter 2 configuration of kelly bar,
bucket ,drilling tool
Quality changes the world
 摩擦式钻杆
钻 杆 Friction Kelly Bar

The importance of kelly bar is seen as

host drill. Selecting reasonable kelly
bar will effect drilling efficiency.
Kelly bar includes 3 types: friction,
interlock and combination kelly bar
Friction kelly bar operation is simple and it
can drill greater depth. Traction force
provides pressure through kelly drilling tool,
and the downward pressure is small, but it is
not suitable to drill into rock layer. Sany
friction kelly bar is base on traditional
structure to add crowding point outside
mast, in that case it can prevent bucket to
slide and also increase transfer power
through the host. Spring damper of kelly bar
can protect host through lowering rope
inetia device according to different kelly bar.
In order to satisfy client’s request, Sany can
add device to protect kelly bar jam. This
device can be removable to prevent any
piece of kelly bar moving out.
 机锁式钻杆
钻 杆 Interlocking Kelly Bar

Interlock kelly bar has torsional ability

and it transfers pressure power by
drilling tool without transmission loss,
so it is suitable for hard rock layer. Sany
interlock kelly bar uses high-strength,
wear-resistant alloy key bar, Sany makes
special design and technique treatment
for crowding point, downward tube
component, gear box and transmission
torque point. Monitoring entire
production control to endprotect kelly
bar key component which ensures its
high stability and long product life.
Training Sany’s client operation with
interlock kelly bar when they use it at
the first time. Sany interlock kelly bar
has 3 types of unti-kelly bar jam
function, it can be added by client
request.
钻 斗 bucket
钻 斗 bucket
Rotary drilling rig bucket includes single and double bottom bucket( FBB
&DBB)
Sing bottom bucket (FBB) is suitable for clay and tuff. According to
different soil type above underwater level, sing bottom bucket includes: clay
layer single bottom bucket, tuff layer sing bottom bucket, single bottom
cleaning bucket.
Double bottom bucket（DBB）is suitable to drill mud & rich surface soil,
especially for Montmorillonite. It also can isntead of sing bottom. The main
types include soil layer , mix-layer , rock layer , cleaning hole double bottom
bucket
（operation rule & caution：
Sing door drilling bucket's volume capacity is 5/6 of bucket,when double door's
bucket volume capacity is 2/3-4/5, operator can lift bucket. Before lifting bucket,
operator should rotary 1-2 circles, then close the bottom, and lift bucket again.
If opening the door of bucket without automatically unloading, operator
repeatedly need to rotary bucket until it completely unloads bucket. It's strictly
prohibited to lift up and down, side to side with knocking fixture to release soil.
In case of bucket jam when lifting it, operator slowly moves up and down and
rotarys at the jam point. Then releasing jam problem and lift bucket again. Don't
force to lift it with jam .。
Ducket teeth are worn or damaged should be replace same specification teeth in
time.
钻 斗 bucket

checking new bucket teeth and complete and reliable connection before putting
it down, then slowly lower it.
This kind of bucket is used for hard layer, it may not be drilling into it with big
pressure and high speed. When facing boulder, operator should lift a part of
bucket , then slight squezze again and again.
Generally drill into 2-3 pitch of length spiral ,then lift it. Slowly move it in order
to avoid collsions with pore wall and accident in the hole.
In case of bucket jam when lifting it, operator slowly moves up and down and
rotarys at the jam point. Then releasing jam problem and lift bucket again. Don't
force to lift it with jam .。

Unloading soil when rotary bucket, probidden to lift up and down and
sideward move with attacking at other fixture.
If founding worn and damaged, operator should replace same specification.
If finding foreign body or making drilling tools with incidents as accidents
spiral drilling
spiral drilling
Spiral bucket includes : single spiral (SSA)and double drill(DSA)
Single spiral head is used for rock layer and soil above water level. Cluding single
spiral head and mix spiral head, single rock spiral rig.
Double spiral drilling head is suitable for big diameter & rock drilling hole, it devided
into double-head single spiral drilling and double-head double spiral drilling
双头螺旋钻头主Double spiral drill: double head drilling head, double hard rock drilling
heard, double spiral cone drill, double spiral drill soft rock
Helical drilling head can be divided by its function: Spiral drill press use can be
divided into: rock and soil helical spiral drill bit
Rock heical drilling head:
rock spiral bit to cutthe rock tip with cobalt-tungsten carbide inserts welded
cutter. Mainly used in weathered bedrock, cemented gravel with bigger pebble with
different frozen layer,
Cone snails rock drills
used to hard rock layer, better cemented gravel with pebble and freezing layer.
Single spiral head drill fast , eays to clean residue and small rotation resistance.
Double spiral head has good guide oriented performance , ablity to carry soil. cone
snails are generally devided into 3 types, 180,270,360.the more hard-rock head, the
greater the taper setting.

hard and soft loose strata and interbedded strata

spiral drilling

Rock drill point screw straight single head single-screw, single screw and
double-headed double-spiral. For medium hard strata and weathered permafrost
drilling. It has good direction comparing with cone snails, carrying soil capability, but
rotation resistance larger. Single-bit drilling screw speed, easy slag, turning
resistance. Double-spiral drill-oriented performance, ability to carry soil, but the
rotation resistance is large. )

（Soil spiral drill

Shovel-shaped cutting tools includeo wear-resistant alloy bucket teeth It ismainly

used above the groundwater level i for the soil, sand layer, containing a small
amount of sand and clay particle size less dense gravel layer. Sub-head single-screw
single, double and double single-screw double spiral. Single screw bit is easier
because of slag, the rotation resistance is small , it is suitable for drilling and
cemented gravel layer of good clay; double spiral drill has good soil carrying
capacity, it is suitable for drilling hard and soft loose strata and interbedded strata
Pipe drill (CB)

Weathered CB Hard rock CB

hard
Extremely hard
rock CB
conglomerate
CB

筒 钻 CB is special drill tools ,

through cutting core ring slot
which can be crashed by pulse
hammer or spiral drill.
离心卸渣钻具

Centrifugal unloading slag is a rare drill holes for clay, it is suitable for
soft soil and muddy cement rock. It includes centrifugal dumping slag
bucket in the clay(CSB), centrifuge rock drill dumping slag bucket(CRB),
centrifugal discharge residue core drillling (CCB)
Pedestal drill bit
 Pedestal drill bit

Types of Pedestal drill bit ：

• The drill that match the rotary drilling rig is also
divided into drill for soil-drilling, soil underreaming bit
of cutter teeth made of alloy block or alloy drill and
drilling of hard bedrock and hard permafrost, rock
underreaming bit of cutter tool of cutting pick.
•It is divided into Push-down type underreaming bit
that fit for drilling of small-sized rig and compress-up
type underreaming bit that fit for drilling of large-sized
rig according to different rig.
•If clay is too viscous to use uderreaming bit for
reaming.
Charter3 construction research and
target
quality changes the world
construction method
&target

Sany's construction method department was established in 2004, it is

the first company takes construction method and rotary drilling rig research
as equally important components of development, has become the most
experienced construction methods and construction site in domestic market .

Construction method research：

 Geological characteristics of the different strata, and use this feature
well-designed rotary drilling rig construction process to achieve a smooth
and efficient drilling, to create customer benefits, to achieve a higher return
on investment.
construction method
&target

Construction target：

 extend rotary drilling rig’s potiential ability：design reason

device。

 high efficient construction：design reasonable construction device

and option & configuration of rotary drilling rig.

 reduce construction default： analysis possible default and set up

a solution to prevent occuring again.。

 High rewards：Through its potential performance, high construction

efficiency, reducing site accident,making better rewards.
Construction method of
rotary drilling rig

4 drilling meathods of rotary drilling rig：

 ①. slurry protection drilling method

 ②. drilling with whole casing

 ③. dry drilling

 ④. Walls over drilling（pour slurry ahead to protect surface of

wall）
Slurry coat method
Construction method

Sany current construction method

 configuration of kelly bar, construction method and

equipment

 steel casing construction method &equipmentmechanic

 With shake control method and equipment mechanic

 Reverse Circulation construction method & equipment

mechanic

 CFA construction method &equipment mechanic

Construction method

configuration of kelly bar ,construction method &

equipment
Conventional rotary drilling rig construction method. Generally
domestic suppliers of rotary drilling rig can provide flexible kelly bar&
short spiral systems of work
Normal construction
method
For layers: clay, sand layer, a little secret ~ dense sand, a little secret ~
dense sand and gravel layer, all weathered, weathered rock, soft rock
and so most of the IV and underground layer.
Drilling mud characteristics
and construction methods
Mudstone features: cohesion force is powerful, degree of pressure is low.
most of rock layers are stratified
Drill and exercise method is to drill for shaleInto the key.
Mudstone make its degree of tool wear low.
The characteristics of sedimentary rock
and shale and drilling methods
In addition to mud-bit, the rocks there are conglomerate, sandstone. Such rocks
are characterized by: stratification, strength depends on the nature of cement
and rock strength, size. High degree of tool wear sandstone and shale
strength tool is higher, conglomerate is not necessarily higher .
Characteristics of igneous and
hard rock drilling method
Igneous rocks, including: granite, basalt, rhyolite, tuff, but also its form
metamorphic rocks. Plutonic hardness and brittleness of igneous rocks ,
shallow diagenetic soft but cohesive large. Drilling to leap crusher
based.Ingeous can cause tool wear
underconsolidated soil
construction method
• underconsolidated soil: thick loose sand layer, sand pebble layer, silt
layer and the flow of plastic clay layer. Using whole casing technique, clay or
dry cement to protect construction.
construction on the
pebble layer

• According to pebble size, content, filling and other features to select dual
(multi) layer tube drill
construction problems in
different layer
 Construction is not only workin on e complex layer, in fact, many of the problems come
from different layer,but how to solve it?
 Clay layer：Slip (slip recycled clay, clay slip), suction drill, drill does not
move, stumped soil, paste drill.
 Sand, sand layers: hole collapse, super side. Operating on the "three slow",
with good slurry.
 Silt clay: liquid, suction drill
 Frozen: skid
 Expansive Soils: necking.

 softness &hardness in the layer: drilling hole tilt。

• Connect the water level above the non-viscous grain formation: plasma
leakage, piping.

 Cave: bucket jam, hole collapse, etc 。

 Common Construction Method

Rock-in
Radical Braking Theory
Rotary drilling rig drills in rock layer by coupling dynamic
and static pressure, it can be divided into three circumstances:
(1) When the dynamic pressure is small than the rock-breaking
critical value, it can only wear rock, the static pressure can
break rock.
(2) Static pressure can only wear rock, the dynamic pressure
can break rock;
(3) Static and dynamic pressure can both break rock.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Common Construction Method

So, in order to drill in rock

efficiently, the following crowding
method is required:
Raise crowding force from P1 to P2
in a short time, and restore to P2
soon, repeat this process
periodically.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Common Construction Method

According to the degree of weathering, adopt different rock-in

method:
Full-weathered rock: friction Kelly bar with double bottom
bucket for soil.
Strong-weathered rock: interlocking Kelly bar with double
bottom bucket for soil or spiral auger.
Intermediary weathered rock: core barrel, spiral auger, double
bottom bucket for rock if dia. ≤1.2m.
Otherwise, roller bit.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Common Construction Method

Friction Kelly bar

is not easy to drill
in strong-weathered
rock.
Showing from the
right picture, the
Kelly bar has been
jacked up, it is not
capable to drill in
such rock layer.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Common Construction Method

Drill in intermediary weathered granite with core barrel in Sri

Lanka

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Common Construction Method

Drill in intermediary weathered

basalt with roller bit core barrel in
Linyi of China

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

1. Kelly bar stuck is the accident frequently happened,

there are three reasons:
（1）Improper slurry according to the geological requirement, the
pile collapse;
（2）Kelly bar aging and lack of maintenance, or drill in high
vibrational rock, the bottom is opened by vibration;
（3）Cut too much in one time, especially for sandstone.

No matter what’s the reason, please do not pull up/down the

Kelly bar madly! Take proper measure to tackle the problem.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

Method for Kelly bar stuck

（1）Hoisting: Pour slurry into the pile to avoid collapse, use tube and
air compressor to flush the hole, or use anti-circle method to clean the
sediment around the bucket.
Use auxiliary winch to pull out the first section of Kelly bar, then use crane
to hoist Kelly bar section each by each, and weld it. If the main winch steel
rope is not broken, pull out the last section with crane together.

品 质 改 变 世 界
Construction promblems and solving ways

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

（2）Jack hoisting：
Refer to the way mentioned above until you cannot pull up the last section, put
stones around the casing, strengthen the casing with steel plate, crosstie,
channel iron, process the Kelly bar with 40mm steel plate as the picture below,
weld it, and push two sides of the Kelly bar with two 100ton jacks.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

（3）Clean-out and dredge:

clean sediment around bucket with anti-circle method, pull up the Kelly bar.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

（4）High pressure jetting: drill another 2~3 hole around the

pile, burry pipes to the stuck place, jet in high pressure
until the bottom is penetrated, then pull up Kelly bar;
（5）diving: send diver into the pile and remove the pin of
bucket;
（6）Blasting: blast the bucket with dynamite;
（7）Excavating: if the depth is shallow, or the underwater is
low, excavate manually with casing protection.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

2. Kelly bar breaking: four reasons

（1）the torque between Kelly bar and main machine is not matching;
（2）drill in loose boulder or block stone improperly;
（3）improper discharging;
（4）no maintenance for a long time.
Precaution：
（1）match the Kelly bar to the main machine;
（2）when drilling in loose boulder or block stone, first loosen boulder or
block stone, then pick out soil with bucket;
（3）don’t hit mast or crawler when dumping soil;
（4）check Kelly bar periodically, do timely repair.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

Method to tackle Kelly bar breaking：

（1）rope sling: pull out Kelly bar with steel rope;
（2）fishing: pull out Kelly bar with hook made by steel plate;
（3）diving: fasten steel rope to the Kelly bar by diver;
（4）Excavating: if the depth is shallow, or the underwater is
low, excavate manually with casing protection；
（5）Impacting: impacting to certain depth if all methods above
are not workable.

品 质 改 变 世 界
 Construction promblems and solving ways

•3. Roll-over:
• make prepares: two cranes, steel rope, steel plate;
• disassembly Kelly bar, move away from the machine;
• two lifting joints: 1m above steady of mast oil cylinder,
movable arm;
• remove all the oil pipes and wires from the two lifting joints
before fasten the steel rope;
• put board or lumber to the lifting places
• conduct two cranes by one person
• lift the mast a little first
• lift the movable arm
• lift the mast slowly to make it erect
• lift the machine to a smooth place by two cranes.

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Sany's goal and objective

Our target：
“Strive to become first global supplier in construction method
and equipment”

Our objective：
"Create value for customers" to help customer is to help help
ourself. Customer is success is our company success.

We have been constantly researching a wide variety of geological

engineering, construction, and make the design & manufature of
rotary drilling rig a wide variety of geological engineering construction.