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Pencegahan Infeksi Aliran Darah Akibat Bakteri Resisten Antibiotik Pada Pasien Di Rumah Sakit Jayarasti Kusumanegara
Pencegahan Infeksi Aliran Darah Akibat Bakteri Resisten Antibiotik Pada Pasien Di Rumah Sakit Jayarasti Kusumanegara
Jayarasti Kusumanegara
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf
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BP-127-11-4/13
Epidemiology
An estimated 248,000 bloodstream infections occur in
U.S hospitals each year
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Epidemiology - Pathogenesis
1. Colonization from the skin/ hands of healthcare workers
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CDC HICPAC
2011 IV Guideline
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/
bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf
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CDC Guidelines for the Prevention of
Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections, 2011
Major areas of emphasis include:
• Educating and training healthcare personnel who insert and maintain catheters;
• Using maximal sterile barrier precautions during central venous catheter insertion;
• Using a > 0.5% chlorhexidine (CHG) preparation with alcohol for skin antisepsis;
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 7
CDC Guidelines for the Prevention of
Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections, 2011
Guideline Categorization Scheme:
• Category IA. Strongly recommended for implementation and strongly
supported by well-designed experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic
studies.
• Category IB. Strongly recommended for implementation and supported by
some experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies and a strong
theoretical rationale; or an accepted practice (e.g., aseptic technique)
supported by limited evidence.
• Category IC. Required by state or federal regulations, rules, or standards.
• Category II. Suggested for implementation and supported by suggestive
clinical or epidemiologic studies or a theoretical rationale.
• Unresolved issue. Represents an unresolved issue for which evidence is
insufficient or no consensus regarding efficacy exists.
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 8
Category 1A Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and strongly supported by well-designed
experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies
EDUCATION
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http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf
Category 1A Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and strongly supported by well-designed
experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies
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Category 1A Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and strongly supported by well-designed
experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies
ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 11
Category 1A Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and strongly supported by well-designed
experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 12
Category 1A Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and strongly supported by well-designed
experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies
PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS
1. Keep all components of the pressure monitoring system
(including calibration devices and flush solution) sterile.
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 13
Category 1A Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and strongly supported by well-designed
experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies
ADMINISTRATION SETS , PORT/CONNECTOR
DISINFECTION, ANTIBIOTIC OINTMENTS
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 14
Category 1B Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and supported by some experimental, clinical,
or epidemiologic studies, and a strong theoretical rationale
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 15
Category 1B Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and supported by some experimental, clinical,
or epidemiologic studies, and a strong theoretical rationale
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http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf
Category 1B Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and supported by some experimental, clinical,
or epidemiologic studies, and a strong theoretical rationale
2. Replace dressings used on short-term CVC sites at least every 7 days for
transparent dressings and every 2 days for sterile gauze.
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 18
Category 1B Recommendations: Strongly recommended for
implementation and supported by some experimental, clinical,
or epidemiologic studies, and a strong theoretical rationale
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 20
Category II Recommendations: Suggested for
implementation and supported by suggestive clinical or
epidemiologic studies or a theoretical rationale
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 21
Category II Recommendations: Suggested for
implementation and supported by suggestive clinical or
epidemiologic studies or a theoretical rationale
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 25
Category II Recommendations: Suggested for
implementation and supported by suggestive clinical or
epidemiologic studies or a theoretical rationale
http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf 26
BP-195-10-6/12
Conclusions
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THANK YOU
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