DPV 20292

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

LECTURER : ASLEEDA BINTI AHMAD

 CHAPTER 3:
HEALTH MANAGEMENT
3.1 Personal Health Management
3.2 Corporate Health Management
3.3 Disease Terminology
3.4 Stress Management
3.5 Awareness of regulation relating to safety
and health
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this are to:

• Impart to students the knowledge, skills and

understanding of health management.
• Equip students with the basic knowledge of
health management.
 HEALTH

“Is not just absence of disease

from our body”
 3.1PERSONAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Tips from Tom Weede , author of The Entrepreneur Diet:

• Employees need to know that employee wellness program participation

is part of their responsibility to be healthy and productive.
• Promote your employee wellness plan with your company meetings,
newsletters and email.
• Remove tempting fatty snacks and replace with healthy alternatives.
(Remove oily food)
• Establish a health benefit that employee wellness program participants
can spend on fitness-related expenses. (Reward)
• Set up a walking wellness map, institute stress breaks and invites a local
massage therapist to come to the office and vend his or her services to
employees. (Guideline)
 CONT…...

The following list of employee responsibilities is adapted from

OSHA. Employee must;
• Comply with all applicable OSHA standards.
• Follow safety and health rules and regulations prescribed by the
employer and promptly use personal protective equipment
while engaged in work.
• Report hazardous situations to the supervisor.
• Report any job-related injury or illness to the employer and
seek treatment promptly.
• Cooperate with the OSHA compliance officer conducting an
inspection.
• Exercise their rights under the OSHA Act in a responsible
manner.
 3.2 CORPORATE HEALTH MANAGEMENT

• Managers can influence safety performance by:

setting policies that require high safety performance providing
resources to achieve the aims of those policies ensuring that the
resources provided are used properly and effectively giving local
managers sufficient freedom and authority to achieve high
standards of health and safety in their own way (encourage their
initiative and commitment) holding local managers accountable for
their safety performance demonstrating a commitment to safety
by:
 Personal involvement in health and safety matters.
 Encouraging high standards of safety by a proactive approach.
 Ensuring health and safety matters are included on board
agendas.
 Giving health and safety equal consideration with production,
finance and sales, etc.
CONT….
The management is responsible to;
• Make arrangements to ensure the health and safety of
employees.
• Provide plant and equipment that is safe.
• Implement systems of work that are safe.
• Ensure the safe use, handling, storage and transport of both
articles (equipment) and substances (chemicals).
• Keep employees and others (contractors, visitors, etc.) on
the site informed on health and safety matters and
arrangements.
• Provide adequate health and safety instruction and training.
• Ensure supervision is adequate and competent.
• Keep the workplace in good condition.
• Ensure the work environment does not put anyone's health
at risk.
• Provide suitable welfare facilities.
• Have a written safety policy if more than five employees.
• If unionized, to recognize union-appointed safety
representatives.
• Consult with safety representatives and employees on health
and safety matters.
• Establish a safety committee when requested by two or
more safety representatives (but there is nothing to prevent
a voluntary safety committee being set up).
• Not charge for PPE (personal protective equipment).
SAFE & HEALTHY WORKPLACE
DANGER & UNHEALTHY WORKPLACE
3.3 DISEASE TERMINOLOGY

• A disease or medical condition is an abnormal condition of an

organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly. It is
also defined as a way of the body harming itself in an abnormal
way, associated with specific symptoms and signs. 
• In human beings, "disease" is often used more broadly to refer
to any condition that causes extreme pain, dysfunction,
distress, social problems, and/or death to the person afflicted,
or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this
broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities,
disorders, syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant
behaviours, and atypical variations of structure and function,
while in other contexts and for other purposes these may be
considered distinguishable categories.
Disease
The term disease broadly refers to any abnormal
condition that impairs normal functioning. Commonly,
this term is used to refer specifically to infectious
diseases, which are clinically evident diseases that result
from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents,
including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular
parasites, and aberrant proteins known as prions.
An infection that does not produce clinically evident
impairment of normal functioning is not considered a
disease. Non-infectious diseases are an other diseases,
including most forms of cancer, heart disease, and
genetic disease.
PROTOZOA
FUNGI
MULTICELLULAR PARASITES
Illness
 Illness or sickness is generally used as a synonym for
disease. However, this term is occasionally used to refer
specifically to the patient's personal experience of his or
her disease.
 Possible for a person to be diseased without being ill, and
to be ill without being diseased (such as when a person
perceives a normal experience as a medical condition, or
medicalizes a non-disease situation in his or her life).
 Illness is often not due to infection but a collection of
evolved responses, sickness behaviour, by the body aids
the clearing of infection. Such aspects of illness can
include lethargy, depression, anorexia, sleepiness,
hyperalgesia, and inability to concentrate.