Conditional

sentences
By: Ahmad Riyadi
XI GB 3
 Conditional Types
First Type: Possible & Probable conditions

Second Type: Possible & Improbable conditions

Third Type: Impossible conditions

Other Conditional sentences

Wish / If only
First Type: Possible &
Probable conditions
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
Simple Future
Simple Present
Imperative
Can
If you come I will be happy
If you want to pass Study!
If we buy a ticket We ................ (go) to the
concert
If she ..................... she will come with us
(arrive) soon
If they dance too much They .............................
(get) tired
If you need my car .............................. (take)
it
First Type: Possible &
Probable conditions
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If you ........ (drink) a lot I .......... (leave) you
If the road ............ (be) wet ............(watch out) !
If he .......... (lose) his key You ................ (lend) him
yours
If she .............. (not buy) any We ................(have dinner)
food
If they ......... (not stop) We .......... (not finish) our
talking lesson
If you ....... (take) the dog for I ................ (give) you some
a walk money
Second Type: Possible &
Improbable conditions
To express an imaginary present or improbable
future situations

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Simple Past Would + root verb

Could + root verb
If she studied she would pass her controls

If he ran he would catch the bus

If I went to China I could be with him

If I were ..................... ...................................

.
Second Type: Possible &
Improbable conditions
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If you ........ (drink) a lot I .......... (leave) you
If the road ............ (be) wet You ............(have) an accident
If he .......... (lose) his key You ................ (lend) him
yours
If she .............. (not buy) any We ................(have dinner)
food
If they ......... (not stop) We .......... (not finish) our
talking lesson
If you ....... (take) the dog for I ................ (give) you some
a walk money
 Third Type: Impossible
conditions
To express a regret for an impossible situation
happened in the Past with NO solution

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Past Perfect Present Perfect Conditional

(Would have + past participle)

If it hadn't rained We would have gone to the

country
If she had studied She ............ (pass) her
controls
If you ................... (invite) They 'd have come to the party
them
If I had known it I .......................(arrive)
earlier
If he............................. I 'd have seen him
(phone)
 Third Type: Impossible
conditions
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If you ........ (drink) a lot I .......... (leave) you
If the road ............ (be) wet You ............(have) an accident
If he .......... (lose) his key You ................ (lend) him
yours
If she .............. (not buy) any We ................(have dinner)
food
If they ......... (not stop) We .......... (not finish) our
talking lesson
If you ....... (take) the dog for I ................ (give) you some
a walk money
Other expressions used
conditional clauses:
  UNLESS You won't finish the race unless you control your
" Si no…" effort.
"A menos que..."
"WHETHER…OR NOT" Whether you pay or not, you won't get in without an
"Tanto….como si no " invitation.
"ON CONDITION THAT" "I will only tell my age on condition that you tell
"PROVIDED THAT" yours."
"PROVIDING THAT" “I will only tell my age provided that you tell yours”
"SO LONG AS" “I will only tell my age providing that you tell yours”
"AS LONG AS “I will only tell my age so long as you tell yours” 
"Siempre que, en tanto “I will only tell my age as long as you tell yours”
que, con la condición de
que,...etc
"ASSUMING THAT"  "Assuming that it's fine tomorrow, we'll go for a
"SUPPOSING THAT" swim"
"SUPPOSE THAT"  "What would you do supposing that you were given
"Suponiendo que.." the chance to see the future ?"
 
Other time clauses:
Time clauses with before, unless, when, while, as
soon as, as long as, provided that
After when, as soon as, before, while, unless, as long
as and provided that we use the present tense (not
will).

•I’ll stay with Jake when I go to London next week.

• As soon as I get my exam results, I’m going on
holiday.
• Before I go out tonight, I have to finish this essay.
• While I’m away, Penny’s going to look after my dog.
• I won’t be able to buy a car unless I find a job soon.
• I’ll come with you as long as I don't have to drive.
• You’ll pass your exam provided that you doenough
revision.
 Wish / If Only Clauses
Wish and if only can be used with would and past tenses. These structures
express regrets, and wishes for unlikely or impossible things.
If only is more emphatic. (Traducción: Ójala, Desearía)

1. Past tenses are used to talk about the present.

I wish I was better looking I wish I spoke French
Don’t you wish you could fly? If only I knew more people!
Were can be used instead of was, especially in a formal style.
He wishes he were better looking.

2. We use a past perfect tense to express regrets about the past

I wish you hadn’t said that.
Now she wishes she had gone to university.
If only she hadn’t told the police, everything would be all right .

3. We use would... to talk about things that we would like people

(not) to do. This often expresses dissatisfaction or annoyance: it
can sound critical.
I wish you would go home. If only the postman would come!
We can use this structure to talk about things as well as people.
I wish this damned car would start. If only it would stop raining!
 Sample Rephrasing
First Conditional:
- Be careful – someone’s going to see you!
- If you are careful, nobody will see you!
- If + Subject + present simple, subject + future will (aff or neg)

Second Conditional:

-Kathy wants to go to the movies but doesn't have any money

-If Kathy had some money, she would go to the movies.
-If + Subject + past simple (neg or aff), subject + would /could/might + infinitive +
complements

Third Conditional:
-Tom was not going to come to dinner the next day because you insulted him.
-If Tom hadn’t insulted him, he would have come to dinner.
- If + Subject + past perfect (neg or aff), subject + would/ could/might + have + pp + C

Wish / If only
I’m sorry, but I can’t help you now.
I wish I could help you.
I would have gone to the concert, but I didn’t have a ticket.
I wish I had had a ticket. / I had bought a ticket
 Other Samples
- His book will be published provided he takes his manuscript to the editor.
Unless he takes his manuscript to the editor, his book won’t be published.
Unles + present simple, future simple (aff or neg)

-I didn't have an umbrella with me and so I got wet.

I wouldn't have got wet, if I had had an umbrella with me.

-We don't go to school when it rains

If it rains, we don’t go to school.

-I didn't move the table because Jack didn't help me.

If Jack had helped me, I would have moved the table.

- You drink too much coffee, that's why you don't sleep.
If you didn’t drank too much coffee, you would sleep.

-You never talk to me, so you don't know anything about me.
If you talked to me, you would know something about me.
Questions:
1. The man hit by a car yesterday would have died if the doctors
had not immediately
operated on him.
From the above sentence, we may conclude that ...
A. the man will be immediately operated on
B. the man is still alive
C. It's too late to save the man
D. the man died after the operation
E. the doctors did not operate on him
Answer : B

2. "If I had known that you were in Surabaya, I would have

shown you some interesting places."
“.........”
A. Yes, It was such an interesting trip
B. Thank you for showing me around Surabaya
C. I'm sorry, I didn't have time to write you before I left for
Surabaya
D. Thank you, I will really enjoy that
E. That's a good idea. I haven't had time to go around
Surabaya
Answer : C
3. "Had the company been fair in giving bonuses, the
employees would not have gone on strike."
A. the employees were quite dissatisfied
B. the employees are still going on strike
C. the employees were not given bonuses at all
D. the company has given the employees fair bonuses
E. the company has lost many employees
Answer : A

4. If I hadn’t booked in advance, I would have had

difficulties in geing good accomodation at a reasonable
price.
These sentence means....
A. I got a good room and I didn’t have to pay much
B. It was difficult to get a room although I had a
reservation
C. The room I got was good but rather expensive
D. I found a room in advance but in wasn't comfortable
E. I was lucky to get a good room without reservation
Answer : E
5. Had the make up class been an nounced earlier, more
students would have attended
the lecture.

From the above sentence we may conclude that ...

A. no students came to the make up class
B. many students knew about the make up class
C. students did not want to attend the class
D. many students missed the make up class
E. the make up class was not announced
Answer : D

6. If I work harder, I ... my paper in due time.

A. will finish
B. would finish
C. has finished
D. will be finished
E. will have finished
Answer : A
7. Anggi : Why weren't you in class yesterday?
Rindy : I was sick. If I hadn’t eaten spicy food, I wouldn’t have
had a stomachache.

The underlined sentence means ...

A. Rindi had
B. Rindi has
C. Anggi had
D. Anggi has
E. both of them had
Answer : A

8. X : John had drawn all his money because he needed it

for his father's operation.
Y: .... If his father's health had not been in a such bad
condition.
A. He would not take all his money
B. He should take all his money
C. He didn't take all his money
D. He must have taken all his money
E. He wouldn't have taken all his money
Answer : E
9. Lucy : Many of the participants were disappointed because they
expected to have a serious talk with the minister of women's affairs
Secretary: I know I'm sure that the minister would have attended
the meeting If she had returned from middle east.

From the dialogue we can conclude that the minister ....

A. is still on tour
B. didn't attend the meeting
C. had a serious talk with the participants
D. went to the middle east because of the meeting
E. had been back from her tour before the meeting
Answer : B

10."Why didn't you be those shoes? You seemed to like

them".
"I would have, if they had been cheaper."
A. I did by the shoes
B. I was not again the price
C. the shoes were too expensive
D. I looked for a more expensive pain
E. the shoes were a bargain
Answer : C
Thank You
See you later