Distribution Panel

RELAY
C.B. C.B. C.B.

Trip
Coil

CT

Vacuum
Tubes
Current transformer – CT
• An instrument transformer in which the secondary current under normal
circumstances of use, is substantial proportional to the primary current and
differs in phase from it by an angle approximately equal to zero.
• Purpose of CT – as used in power system, is of two kinds-

1. Protection & Relaying.

2. Metering & indication.
Potential transformer - PT
• An instrument transformer in which the secondary voltage under normal
circumstances of use, is substantial proportional to the primary voltage &
differ in phase from it by an angle approximately equal to zero.
• Purpose of PT – As used in power system, is of two kinds.

1. Protection & Relaying

2. Metering & indication
 Working of Circuit Breaker
 Circuit Breaker has three important parts by simultaneously working of these parts it
operate automatically at the time of fault and isolated the faulty portion

1. CT (Current Transformer) : CT continuously measured the Current and connected

to Relay as a messenger.

2. Relay : Relay is the most important part of CB. It continuously comparing the input
given by CTs with the reference values. If any abnormality found than instantly give the
trip command (Energized the trip coil) for opening the breaker contacts.

3. Breaker Mechanism : it is mechanical part of circuit breaker which operated after

energizing the trip coil by relay.