FSO Communication capacity in turbulent and

dispersive channel with AWGN noise.

M. Bouhadda1, F.M Abbou2, M Serhani1, A. Boutoulout1

1Laboratoire de Modélisation, Analyse et contrôle des systèmes. Faculté des Sciences,

Université Moulay Ismail Meknès.

2School of Science and Engineering Al Akhawayn Universty Ifrane.

1
OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION

Introduction

Dispersion and turbulence

Communication capacity

results and discussion

Conclusion

2
 INTRODUCTION
Context

The demand on communication capacity in

internet and cellular network has increased
significantly over the past several years

Thanks to the high capacity of the

optical signal, the free space optical
communication (FSO) technology uses
the propagation of light waves over
atmospheric channel for transmitting
high data between a transmitter and
receiver

 Over a link distance equal to 10.45 km, researchers at the German Aerospace Center have
realized an FSO data transmission at 1.72 terabits per second.

3
INTRODUCTION
Free Space Optical communication (FSO)
Free Space Optical Communications (FSO) is a communications
technology that uses the propagation of light (visible or infrared
spectrum) in free space to transmit data between two points.

3 Receiver
2 Transmitter

5 communication channel

1 Conversion of data into Conversion of pulses into

optical pulses 4 digital data
4
INTRODUCTION
Terrestrial FSO Network.

 Deployment from building roofs,

5
INTRODUCTION
AVANTAGES
 broadband,
 No licence,
 Easy to install,
 No civil engineering work,
minimal budget,
 Recoverable, reusable equipment
 cost of installing an FSO <<
fibrous bond.

6
INTRODUCTION
Performance depends on the effects of the communication
channel
Sunlight

Fog
Divergence angle
q
Clouds

Scintillation
 Absorption
 Diffusion
 dispersion

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DISPERSION AND TURBULENCE
temporal pulse broadening effect.

Pulse broadening

Dispersion Effect In Optical Free Space

0.03
𝑛 𝑇 𝑝 = 𝑛0 + 𝑛 𝑝 0.025

0.02
Amplitude

1 0.015

2 1 2 2 0.01
𝑀 𝑀
𝜎 𝑧 = 0
− 0
0.005

𝑀 𝑀 0
10

40
5 20
0
-20
0 -60
-40 8
distance (km) time (ps)
COMMUNICATION CAPACITY
Channel model

we consider a point-to-point FSO communication link. We use intensity modulation/direct

detection with Gaussian-OOK format because it is very used in commercial FSO
communication system. The communication channel is dispersive and turbulent with
additive white Gaussian noise. We consider de propagation in FSO as linear equation:

𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 + 𝑛

ℎ is the channel−fading coefficient and x is the transmitted power and 𝑛 is the additive
white Gaussian noise with zero-means and variance 𝜎𝑛 2

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COMMUNICATION CAPACITY
Signal-to-noise ratio

2
𝑃𝑟 𝑧 𝑅𝑑
𝑆𝑁𝑅(𝑧) =
𝜎𝑛 2

Where 𝑅𝑑 is the receiver responsivity, and 𝜎𝑛2 is the dark noise, thermal noise and
the shot noise.

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COMMUNICATION CAPACITY
Communication capacity

The communication capacity in dispersive and turbulent atmospheric can be

described in the framework of the Shannon’s linear theory:

𝜎0 𝑡2
𝑅𝑑 𝑃 0 ‫ 𝑝𝑥𝑒 ׬‬− 2 𝑑𝑡
𝜎 𝑧 4𝜎 𝑧
𝐶 𝑧 = 𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑔2 1+
𝜎𝑛 2

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Communication capacity versus link distance for weak, moderate and
strong turbulence.

Parameter Value

Wavelength (λ) 1550 nm

Receiver optical efficiency 1
Transmitter optical efficiency 1
Diameter of receiver 2cm
Transmitting divergence angle θ 2.10-3 rad
Responsivity (Rd) 0.6A/W`
Bandwidth (B) 14GHz

−2
For weak turbulence 𝐶𝑛 2 = 10−17 𝑚 Τ3 the communication capacity at link distances 2
km, 10 km and 20km is: 12.8 Gb/s, 7.8 Gb/s and 5.1 Gb/s respectively. For moderate
−2
turbulence 𝐶𝑛 2 = 10−15 𝑚 Τ3 the capacity at the same distances is 12.3 Gb/s, 5.9 Gb/s and
−2
2.6Gb/s. For strong turbulence 𝐶𝑛 2 = 10−13 𝑚 Τ3 and at the same link distances the
capacity is11.1 GB/s, 3.9 Gb/s and 0.9 Gb/s. The temporal pulse broadening effect
degrades significantly the FSO channel capacity.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Communication capacity versus link distance for different power

We note that the capacity decreases drastically, particularly, for the low
transmitted power. For the power values 70 mW, 40 mW and 10 mW the capacity
at 2km is 12.3 Gb/s, 11.9 Gb/s and 10.3 Gb/s respectively. For the same power
values, the capacity at 20 km is2.6 Gb/s, 1.7 Gb/s and 0.6 Gb/s. This numerical
results show that by increasing the transmitted power we can minimize the
degradation of the capacity, and achieve a longer link distance with an acceptable
channel capacity.

13
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Communication capacity versus outer scale for different link distance

5
The outer scale of turbulence decreases with the altitude ℎ𝐿0 ℎ = ℎ−8500 2
[12]. This
1+
2500
mains, that we can reduce the effect of the pulse broadening caused by turbulence on
channel capacity by choosing the appropriate altitude of transmitter and receiver.

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CONCLUSION

 The FSO communication decreases rapidly under the temporal pulse broadening
effect, in particular, for the longer link distance, the high altitude, and the strong
turbulence.

 We can minimize this effect by choosing the appropriate distance link, the input
power and the altitude of transmitter and receiver.

15
THANTKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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