Golongan III A

Arif Ako
Suci Zuleha Daud
Sri Rahayu Latif
Sitty Nurqomariah Rivai
Sri Deltalia Saleh
Nurdalia Alam
 ELEMENT SYMBOL Electron Configuration

Boron (5) B [He]2s² 2p¹

Aluminium (13) Al [Ne]3s² 3p¹

Gallium (31) Ga [Ar]3d¹º 4s² 4p¹

Indium (49) In [Kr]4d¹º 5s² 5p¹

Thallium (81) Tl [Xe]4f14 5d¹º 6s² 6p¹

BORON ALUMINIUM GALIUM

INDIUM THALLIUM
 Physical Properties

Atomic finger

B 0,80

Al 1,25

Ga 1,24

In 1,50

Tl 1,55
 Physical Properties

Boiling point (ºK)

B Al Ga In Tl
• 4200 • 2720 • 2510 • 2320 • 1740
 Physical Properties

melting point (ºK)

B Al Ga In Tl
• 2300 • 932 • 303 • 429 • 577
 Physical Properties

Density (g/cm³)

B Al Ga
2,54 2,70 5,90

In Tl
7,30 11,85
 Chemical Properties

Ionization energy (kJ/mol)

B
807

Tl Al
590 577

In Ga
556 579
 Chemical Properties

Elements of the III A are conducted more metal . Chemically its

compounds more ionic , nevertheless many its compounds in the line
of the nature of ionic -covalent . In terms of it as an acid lewis , the
power of the III A decline from top down in a nation.
Chemical Properties

Boron Aluminium

1. Corrosion resistance
against attack
1. Spring conductor 2. Almost all compound
soluble colorless
2. Is an electrolyte 3. Aluminum not to
respond with a
solution of dilute
nitric acid
Chemical Properties
Galium
1. Become liquid if a little
heated
2. Stable in the air and
water , but react and are
soluble in an acid and a
base
Indium
1. Metal indium not react
with water
2. Indium is a little
aquatic a base in
aqueous solution
3. Indium are not soluble
in alkaline solutions
Chemical Properties

THALLIUM
Existence and Abundance

2. Aluminium
a. In nature there are 0,005%
b. In the sun there is 0,006%
c. In the sea there 0,00000005%
d. Human body exists 0,00009%
e. In the earth’s crust there 8,1%
f. In meteorites there are 0,9%
Existence and Abundance

1. Boron
a. In nature there are 0,00000001%
b. In the sun there is 0,00000002%
c. In the sea there 0,00044%
d. Human body exists 0,00007%
e. In the earth’s crust there
0,00086%
f. In meteorites there are 0,00016%
Existence and Abundance

3. Galium
a. In nature there are 0,0000001%
b. In the sun there is 0,0000004%
c. In the sea there 0,0000000003%
d. Human body exists ----%
e. In the earth’s crust there 0,0019%
f. In meteorites there are 0,00076%
Existence and Abundance

4. Indium
a. In nature there are 0,000000003%
b. In the sun there is 0,00000004%
c. In the sea there 0,000000000001%
d. Human body exists ----%
e. In the earth’s crust there 0,000016%
f. In meteorites there are 0,0000004%
Existence and Abundance

5. Thalium
a. In nature there are ----%
b. In the sun there is 0,00000001%
c. In the sea there 0,00000000001%
d. Human body exists ----%
e. In the earth’s crust there
0,000054%
f. In meteorites there are
0,0000008%
 BORON
used in the product,
cementn, disinfectant fire glass
industry and bleach textile materials

ALUMINIUM
Aluminium folder is
used as material to run rockets.

GALLIUM
Galium is used by people to
make thermometers that canmeasure
high temperatures and are also used
in the electronicts industry
INDIUM
Indium is used to make metal
allowes, photoconduktors and the
electronicts industry

THALIUM
Thalium is used a super
condukstor at high temperatures
 HOW TO MAKE

ALUMINIUM

Aluminum obtained from electrolysis bauxite being dissolved in cryolite

liquid.This process known as the hall.This bauxite placed in the tank
coated carbon steel and serves as katode.Anoda trunks and in carbon
dipped in a mixture.
 HOW TO MAKE

BORON

Boron is made by reduction oxide b2o3, boron with magnesium or

aluminum.Watch the reaction following.
B2O3(s) + 3Mg(s) panas→ 3MgO(l) + 2B(s)
 HOW TO MAKE

GALLIUM

Galium usually is the result of process of making aluminum.Purification bauxite

bayer produce ghalium through a concentration in alkaline solutions of a
aluminum. Electrolysis using a mercury concentration electrodes give further
and further cathode electrolysis use rust from the sodium resilient steel gallic
galium producing metal liquid. Galium pure need a number of processes by the
further end with zones make galium metal presses for pure.
 HOW TO MAKE

INDIUM

Indium usually not made inside the lab .Indium is the result of the
formation of lead and zinc. Metal indium produced through the process
of electrolysis salt indium in the water. Further process needed to make
the electronic pure aluminum.
 HOW TO MAKE

THALLIUM

Metal thallium obtained as a product reduced production by the action of

sulphuric acid by the incineration of pyrite and i also won in the midst of the
furnace of lead and ores besi.walaupun metal thalium somewhat my beloved
shepherd kisses gliding on the skin of the earth on assessment of the
concentration of 0,7 mg / from thirty to forty pounds, by play announcer
mostly for that i have put together a mineral of potassium on clay, the ground
and granite.