ARCHITECTURE

FORMS OF CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE
 THIS REFERS TO A BUILDING OF MANY RESIDENCES CALLED
UNITS. THIS IS USUALLY BUILT IN POPULATED URBAN AREAS.
NOWADAYS, IN ORDER TO MAXIMIZE THE USE OF SPACE AND
BECAUSE OF THE INCREASED BUYING POWER OF THE
POPULATION, CONDOMINIUMS WERE DEVELOPED. THESE
CONDOMINIUMS ARE LARGER OFFSHOOTS OF APARTMENTS.
MOST OF THE UNITS IN A CONDOMINIUM ARE USED AS
RESIDENCES, BUT OTHERS ARE ALSO USED AS BUSINESS AND
COMMERCIAL SPACES.
The origins of apartment living can be traced back to Roman
times. Here’s a look at some of the first apartments from
around the world.
Traditional Roman insulae
In the great cities of the Roman Empire, urban congestion
necessitated communal living and individual houses were
reserved for the very wealthy.
 BUILT IN MANY AREAS DURING THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES, THE
BAHAY NA BATO IS CONSIDERED TO BE A RESIDENCE OF THE WEALTHY.
A TYPICAL TWO-STORY BAHAY NA BATO GENERALLY HAS A GROUND
FLOOR THAT IS MADE OF BRICK OR STONE, AND HAS A WOODEN UPPER
LEVEL. THE WINDOWS AT THE LEVEL HAVE GRILLES, WHILE THE
WINDOWS AT THE UPPER LEVEL HAVE SLIDING SHUTTERS. THE ROOF
OF A TYPICAL BAHAY NA BATO SLANTS ON FOUR SIDES. THE FEATURES
OF THE BAHAY NA BATO MAY BE DIFFERENT IN EVERY REGION.
ALTHOUGH BUILDING THE BAHAY NA BATO DECLINED DURING THE
1930’s, THERE ARE STILL MANY BAHAY NA BATO IN THE COUNTRY
THAT EXIST TODAY.
 Bahay na bato is a type of building originating during the Philippines' Spanish Colonial Period.
It is an updated version of the traditional bahay kubo. Its design has evolved throughout the
ages, but still maintains the Bahay kubo's architectural basis which corresponds to the
tropical climate, stormy season and earthquake prone environment of the whole archipelago
of the Philippines and fuses it with the influence of Spanish colonizers and Chinese traders.
Thus created was a hybrid of Austronesian, Spanish and Chinese architecture. Its most
common appearance is that of an elevated overhanging wooden upper story Nipa hut that
stands on Spanish style solid stone blocks or bricks and posts as foundation instead of just
wood, bamboo stilts or timber posts. Roofing are either Chinese tiled roof or Thatch which
many today are being replaced by galvanized roofing or other modern roofing. It followed the
Bahay Kubo's arrangements such as open ventilation and elevated apartments used as living
space with ground floor used for storeroom, cellar and other business purposes.
 THE BARONG-BARONG ARE HOUSES OF THE LANDLESS POOR THAT ARE BUILT ON
ANY LAND OR AREA. THESE ARE USUSALLY FOUND NEAR THE ESTEROS, RIVERBANKS,
AND BAYSHORES; SPACES ALONG HIGH WALLS, RAILROAD TRACKS; SPACES NEAR
ABANDONED BUILDINGS, AND GARBAGE DUMPS; OR ANY VACANT LOT. SOME OF
THESE BARONG-BARONG ARE BUILT UNDER BRIDGES. PEOPLE USUALLY BUILD THESE
HOUSES NEAR THE PLACES OF LIVELIHOOD. THERE ARE ALSO OTHER PEOPLE WHO
PREFER BUILDING THEIR HOUSES ON WIDE VACANT LOTS IN ORDER TO USE THESE
LOTS IN RAISING ANIMALS, PLANTING VEGETABLES, OR UNDERTAKING A SMALL
BUSINESS.
 In a August 16 to September 5, 2015 survey sponsored by the World Food Programme (WFP),
it was revealed that most poor households, if not shanties, are made of light and cheap
materials.

 The WFP found that 44% of households among the poorest provinces in the country were
barong-barong types, while 47% were poorly constructed semi-permanent or temporary
houses. The rest were made of mixed light and heavy materials.

 Of the 16 poorest provinces, only the surveyed poor families in Masbate, Camiguin, and
Sultan Kudarat reported permanent houses made of good quality materials. Meanwhile,
Sarangani had the highest percentage of barong-barong types of housing.
THIS REFERS TO A ONE-STORY HOUSE
WITH A WIDE FRONT PORCH AND
LARGE WINDOWS. IT MAY ALSO HAVE A
TERRACE, WHICH MAY BE ROOFED OR
NOT.
 It's a mushy term that could encompass any of the many small to medium-size homes built
during the first half of the 20th century. Or it could be seen as a generic descendant of the
American Arts & Crafts movement's most prominent designers. The imprecision of the term
does nothing to help most owners of older small houses decide whether their home is a
bungalow or not. According to one definition given in the Classic Houses of Seattle by Caroline
Swope, it's a matter of scale, not style. However, in Classic Houses in Portland by Hawkins and
Willingham, a bungalow is described as "one facet of the Craftsman movement." Clearly,
trained architects and art historians don't agree, so some confusion is inevitable. However, if
we refer to Harry Saylor's book Bungalow published in 1911, then we can derive our
definition from him—that is, open floor plans, low-pitched roofs, and the essential large front
porch.
 THE BAHAY KUBO IS CONSIDERED AS AN ETHNIC HOUSE OF
CHRISTIAN PEASANT FAMILIES LIVING IN THE LOWLAND
AREAS. THIS IS TYPICALLY OWNED BY FAMILIES BELONGING
IN LOW INCOME GROUPS. THE BAHAY KUBO HAS PILE
CONSTRUCTION AND A ROOF SLIDING IN ALL SIDES, WHICH IS
TYPICAL IN A TRADITIONAL ETHNIC HOUSE. HOWEVER, THE
BAHAY KUBO HAS SLIDING WINDOWS FOR VENTILATION. AN
OWNER OF A BAHAY KUBO CAN EASILY ARRANGE THE HOUSE
TO MOVE FREELY AND TO INTERACT WITH OTHER PEOPLE,
EVEN THOSE LIVING OUTSIDE THE HOUSE, EASILY.
 Later on the invention of various tools allowed for the fabrication of tent-like shelters and tree
houses. Early Classical houses were characterized by rectangular structures elevated on stilt
foundations and covered by voluminous thatched roofs ornamented with gable-finials and its
structure could be lifted as a whole and carried to a new site. Examples include the Ifugao House
and the Royal Nobilities' Torogan.

 The architecture of the classical period of the Philippines is based on vernacular architecture for
most of its centuries and Islamic architecture in some coastal areas at the south, plus the interior of
Lanao, after the 13th century.

 The bahay kubo is the term for huts built out of nipa. These types of edifices were characteristic of
the way that indigenous people of the Philippines built homes prior to the arrival of the Spanish
colonizers. They are still in use today, especially in rural areas. Different architectural designs are
present among the different ethnolinguistic groups in the country, although most homes built
along the shorelines conform to being stilt houses, similar to those found in neighboring
countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and other countries of Southeast Asia.
THE HOUSEBOAT IS BASICALLY A BOAT
THAT ALSO SERVES AS A DWELLING. THE
BADJAOS OR SAMA LAUT TYPICALLY
RESIDE IN HOUSBOATS.
 The Balangay (formerly synonymous with Butuan boat)[1] is a plank boat adjoined
by a carved-out plank edged through pins and dowels. It was first mentioned in the
16th Century in the Chronicles of Pigafetta, and is known as the oldest watercraft
found in the Philippines. The oldest known balangay has been carbon-dated to 320
CE.
 The balangay was the first wooden watercraft excavated in Southeast Asia and is
evidence of early Filipino craftsmanship and their seamanship skills during pre-
colonial times. The Balanghai Festival is also a celebration in Butuan, Agusan del
Norte to commemorate the coming of the early migrants that settled the
Philippines, on board the Balangay boats.[2] When the first Spaniards arrived in
the 16th century,they found the Filipinos living in well-organized independent
villages called barangays. The name barangay originated from balangay, the
Austronesian word for "sailboat".[3][4]
THE ONE-AND-A-HALF STORY IS
CHARACTERIZED BY AN UPPER LEVEL OR
STORY COVERING JUST A HALF OF THE LOWER
LEVEL. THIS MAY ALSO BECOME A SPLIT-LEVEL
HOUSE IF HALF OF THE GROUND LEVEL IS
HIGHER IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT IS HALFWAY
BETWEEN THE GROUND LEVEL AND THE
UPPER LEVEL.