Under The Guidance

Submitted By : Dr. K. ASHA

MOHAMMED AHMED Associate Professor
1st year M.tech (Structural Engg). Dept. of Civil Engg.
DSCE , Bangalore.
DSCE, Bangalore.
 FUSES…?

A fuse is an electric safety device used to protect the main Electric Devices
From any unusual high fluctuation of voltages and currents
STRUCTURAL FUSES

Metallic dampers are defined to be structural fuses (SF) when they are
designed such that all damage is concentrated on the PED devices,
allowing the primary structure to remain elastic
CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 LITERATURE REVIEW
 VARIOUS KINDS OF ENERGY DISSIPATION SYSTEMS (DAMPERS)
 STRUCTURAL FUSES & CONCEPT (METALLIC DAMPERS)
 TYPES OF STRUCTURAL FUSES
 CONCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES (CBFS)
 BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACES
 CASE STUDY-I (High Rise Retrofit)
 CASE STUDY-II(Casad Dam, Bremerton, WA, US)
 INFERENCE
 REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION
 The Earth Quakes releases large amount of energy in
form of displacements
 The biggest challenge for Civil Engineers is to design
earth quake resistant structures
 New structures can be built using Base Isolation and
other technologies (ex:-Dampers)
 But focus is to make the Existing structures earth
quake resistant
 This paves the way for Structural fusing concept
 LITERATURE REVIEW
 Ramiro Vargas and Michel Bruneau

JOURNAL-1 (Investigation Of Structural Fuse Concept )

JOURNAL-2 (Analytical Response And Design Of Buildings With Metallic Structural Fuses)
JOURNAL-3 (Experimental Response Of Buildings Designed With Metallic Structural
Fuses. II)

 J. J. Connor, A. Wada, M. Iwata and Y. H. Huang

JOURNAL-1 (Damage Controlled Structures-I :Preliminary Design Methodology For
Seismically Active Regions )
Various Kinds of Passive energy Dissipation Systems (DAMPERS)

DAMPERS

STRUCTURAL,
VISCOUS COULOMBS
HYSTERISIS, SOLID
DAMPERS (DRY) DAMPERS
METALLIC DAMPERS
STRUCTURAL FUSES & CONCEPT
(METALLIC DAMPERS)
 The concept of designing sacrificial elements to dissipate
seismic energy while preserving the integrity of the
structure’s other main components is known as the
structural fuse concept.
 The structural fuse concept can be implemented in new
or existing structures
 The sacrificial elements should be easily replaceable,
allowing the rest of the structure (that remain elastic) to
return to its plumb condition after the fuses are
removed.
 STRUCTURAL FUSES
(TYPES)

Concentrically Braced Frames

Buckling-Restrained Braces
(CBFs)
Concentrically Braced Frames (CBFs)
Characteristics
 These braces buckle in compression and yield in
tension
 Steel Concentrically Braced Frames are strong, stiff
and ductile, and are therefore ideal for seismic framing
systems.
 The quality of the seismic response of CBF is
determined by the performance of the brace.
 to achieve the best performance from a CBF, the brace
must fail before any other component of the frame
does
Behaviour of Brace Under Cyclic
Axial Loading
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
 High elastic stiffness Disadvantages
only
 Less ductile than other
systems such as BRB’s
 Buckling causes the brace to
become Unstable
 Decreases the effectiveness
of the frame
 Reduced architectural
versatility
Buckling-Restrained Braces
History and Characteristics
 Recent developed in the field of seismic resistant
structures
 They provide complete truss action
 They exhibit a symmetric load-deformation behaviour
(equal response in compression and tension)
 They have got large energy absorption capacity
Behavior of Buckling-Restrained Braces
Advantages over CBF’s
 A study presented at the NASCC
steel conference found a cost
savings of $2.40/sf. for a six-story
structure over a similar Special
Concentric Braced Frame design
 The brace exhibits nearly identical
properties in tension and
compression and has the ability to
undergo numerous cycles of
inelastic deformations
CASE STUDY-1 (High Rise Retrofit)

 The moment connections used in the

original design were not adequate to achieve
the performance objectives for the project
 They did not have adequate stiffness to limit
the drifts to an acceptable level
 A new lateral system was needed to stiffen
up the structure and protect the existing
elements from excessive deformation and
damage
 The design team added a combination of
BRBs and new shear walls
 The BRBs provided both the strength and
the stiffness needed
New Montgomery, San
Francisco, California,USA
Case study-2(Casad Dam, Bremerton, WA, US)
Case study-2(Casad Dam,
Bremerton, WA, US)
 An intake tower located on the upstream face at the centre
of the Casad Dam(arch dam) built in the 1950’s was not
able to support the seismic demands, where the peak
ground acceleration was increased
 A retrofit scheme was needed that would have minimal
impact on the normal operation & minimal underwater
work and expense
 The design team found that bracing the tower back to the
dam is best for the retrofit rather than strengthening the
tower at its base
 stainless steel buckling restrained braces with a yielding
steel core were used and a successful retrofit done
INFERENCE
 Structural fuses must be implemented in buildings to
minimize the damages during earth quake
 They are considered as sacrificial and easy to repair
elements used to protect primary structure of building
during earthquake
 Provision should be made in Indian standards for
implementing the structural fuses
 REFERENCES
 AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction), Seismic Provisions for
Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago.

 Connor, J.J., Wada, A., Iwata, M., and Huang, Y.H., 1997, “Damage-Controlled
Structures. I: Preliminary Design Methodology for Seismically Active Regions,”
Journal of Structural Engineering, Volume 123, No. 4, ASCE, pp. 423-431.

 Vargas, R., Bruneau, M., (2009). “Analytical Response and Design of Buildings
with Metallic Structural Fuses I”, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol.135,
No.4, pp.386-393.

 Vargas, R., Bruneau, M., (2009). “Experimental Response of Buildings Designed

with Metallic Structural Fuses II”, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering,
Vol.135, No.4, pp.386-393.

 Vargas, R., Bruneau, M., “Analytical Investigation of the Structural Fuse Concept”,
Technical Report MCEER-06-0004, Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake
Engineering Research, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 2006.