Career &

Technical

Basic Drafting Skills

003.03
Demonstrate correct drawing procedures
Aligning & Taping Paper
 Align paper on parallel edge (or T-square)
 Fasten top two corners with strips of drafting
tape
 Lower parallel edge (or T-square) and fasten
bottom two corners with strips of drafting tape
Drawing Lines
 Use parallel edge (or T-square) to draw
horizontal lines
 Lean pencil at about 60°
 Use triangles to draw vertical and inclined lines
Drawing Lines at Standard Angles

90° VERTICAL

HORIZONTAL 0° HORIZONTAL 0°
Drawing Parallel Lines
 Move parallel edge (or T-square) and triangle
to line up with given line AB
 With parallel edge (or T-square) held firmly in
place, slide triangle into position and draw
required line
Drawing Perpendicular Lines
 Move parallel edge (or T-square) and triangle
until a side of the triangle lines up with the
given line AB
 With parallel edge (or T-square) held firmly in
place, reposition triangle across line and draw
required line
Drawing the Border
11.00
.38 10.25 .38

.50

Recommended layout for

A size sheet

8.50

7.63

TITLE BLOCK AREA

.38
Drawing the Title Block
 Title block contains information such as drafter, date,
and scale
 Dimensions shown are recommended and may be varied to
accommodate the user’s requirements

3.88
2.38 .38

COMPANY NAME
AND ADDRESS
INFORMATION RELATED
TO PREPARATION OF TITLE
DRAWING INCLUDES
NAME OF DRAFTER, 2.00
ENGINEER, CHECKER,
ISSUE DATE, ETC. 1.38
SIZE CAGE CODE DWG NO. REV
.63
SCALE SHEET .25
1.75
3.25
4.25
6.25
Centering a Single View Drawing

1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75

1.50

3.00

5.50

8.75
 Centering a Single View Drawing
Step 1

2.75

4.38 4.38

2.75
 Centering a Single View Drawing
Step 2
1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75

1.50

3.00
 Centering a Single View Drawing
Step 3
 Centering a Single View Drawing
Step 4
Scale Drawings
 Measurements can be full size or in
some exact proportion to full size
 Triangular scales are typically used to
allow for more scales per stick
 Scales are noted on drawings as
 Drawn units = actual units
 Drawn units : actual units
Reading a Mechanical Scale

1 1 111 2 3
4 2168 16

16
0 1 2

FRACTIONAL INCH SCALE (FULL SIZE)

Reading a Mechanical Scale

11 21 37
4 2 8

1 44 42 40
2 2 3
0 1

FRACTIONAL INCH SCALE (HALF SIZE)

Reading a Decimal Scale

.74 1.12 1.50

50 2 4 6 8 2 4 6
(.02) 0 1

DECIMAL INCH SCALE (FULL SIZE)

Reading a Decimal Scale

.50 1.70 3.20 5.90

HALF
SIZE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

DECIMAL INCH SCALE (HALF SIZE)

Reading a Metric Scale

6 24 42 66

mm
1:1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

1:1 SCALE (1mm DIVISIONS)

Reading a Metric Scale

28
2 62 110

mm
1:2
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

HALF SCALE (2mm DIVISIONS)

Measuring Angles w/ a Protractor
 Angles are measured in units called degrees
 A circle is divided into 360 parts (360°)
 Each part is 1°
 An angle of 43° is measured with a protractor

43°
Alphabet of Lines
 Construction lines
 Thin and light
 .020” (0.5mm)
 Hard lead (4H)

 Visible lines
 Thick and dark
 .028” (0.7mm)
 Softer lead (F or HB)
Alphabet of Lines
 Hidden lines
 Thin and dark
 .020” (0.5mm)
 Softer lead (F or HB)
 .125” (3mm) long dashes w/ .030”
(1mm) spaces in between

.125"

.0625"
Alphabet of Lines
 Center Lines
 Thin and dark
 .020” (3mm)
 Softer lead (F or HB)
 .125” (0.5mm) dash in center w/ .030”
(0.1mm) spaces between longer lines

.125"

.75" - 1.5" .0625"

Alphabet of Lines
 Dimension, Extension, Leader Lines
 Thin and dark
 .020” (0.5mm)
 Softer lead (F or HB)

6.125”
Alphabet of Lines

Thickness
Thick Thin
(.028”/.07mm) (.020”/.05mm)
Hidden Lines
Center Lines
Dark
Visible Lines Dimension Lines
(F or HB)
Extension Lines
Darkness Leader Lines

Light Construction Lines

(F or HB) Guidelines
Single View Drawing Assignment