SDG NO.

(11) sustainable cities and communities

What is mean by sustainable cities and communities
• Sustainable Cities and Communities. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. For all of us to survive and prosper, we
need new, intelligent urban planning that creates safe, affordable and
resilient cities with green and culturally inspiring living conditions.
• More than half of us live in cities. By 2050, two-thirds of all humanity—6.5
billion people—will be urban. Sustainable development cannot be achieved
without significantly transforming the way we build and manage our urban spaces.
It is estimated that 50% of the world’s population now live in cities. With this
migration into large urban centers, the difficulty of meeting the basic needs of
millions has become an ever-increasing problem. Overpopulation, excessive
consumption, pollution, and depletion of resources have presented environmental
and health challenges in major cities. The need has never been greater to find
solutions and reimaging urban landscapes. In1994, the Aalborg Charter for
sustainable cities and towns was created, and since then cities around the world
have been leading the way in innovative and integrated approaches to sustainable
living

•
• Making cities sustainable means creating career and business opportunities, safe and affordable
housing, and building resilient societies and economies. It involves investment in public
transport, creating green public spaces, and improving urban planning and management in
participatory and inclusive ways.
The world’s cities occupy just 3 per cent of the Earth’s land, but account for 60-80 per cent of
energy consumption and 75 per cent of carbon emissions.
• A sustainable city enhances the economic, social, cultural and environmental well-being of
current and future generations .
TARGETS

Ten targets to create action to make cities and communities

sustainable.
 11.1 SAFE AND AFFORDABLE HOUSE
By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable
housing and basic services and upgrade slums.
 11.2 AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable
transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding
public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in
vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and
older persons.
 11.3 INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE URBANIZATION
By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for
participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and
management in all countries.
 11.4 PROTECT THE WORLD’S CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE
Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural
heritage.
 11.5 REDUCE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NATURAL DISASTERS
By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people
affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global
gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with
a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations.
 11.6 REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF CITIES
By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact
of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality
and municipal and other waste management.

 11.7 PROVIDE ACCESS TO SAFE AND INCLUSIVE GREEN AND PUBLIC SPACES
By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible,
green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older
persons and persons with disabilities.

 11.(A) STRONG NATIONAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

Support positive economic, social and environmental links between
urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional
development planning.

 11.(B) IMPLEMENT POLICIES FOR INCLUSION, RESOURCE EFFICIENCY AND
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human
settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans
towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to
climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in
line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–
2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels.

11.(C) SUPPORT LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IN SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT

BUILDING
• Support least developed countries, including through financial and
technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings
utilizing local materials.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE CITIES

• A controlled population for whom adequate, meaningful

employment is available
• Adequate governance set-up which can meet the needs of the
populace and ensures civic responsibilities, community
participation, a sense of identity, transparency and equity in
local institutions.
• Empowerment of women and encouraging their participation in the
political, social and economic life .
Access to public resources
• which means guaranteed access to quality education, safe health
centers, easy to access public transportation, garbage collection
services, safety and good air quality, among other modern living
necessities.
Urban renewal actions
The renovation of public spaces Public streets, squares, parks, urban spaces as
well as modern irrigation and waste management practices are vital aspects of
sustainable living.
 Reduction of CO2 emissions
• The reduction of CO2 and other poisonous gases harmful to the ozone
layer . Lowering CO2 levels can be achieved through the long-term
shift towards using renewable energies, (e.g. bicycles, trains and
electric buses).
 Reduce, reuse and recycle
• Managers of a sustainable city must raise awareness about the
importance of recycling and responsible consumption, and create
infrastructure that allows for minimal waste. And change is possible in a
short space of time if cities show leadership.
Urban land use planning and control

• Limits and Regulations

• Zoning
• Planning
• Protection
• Taxes
• Revitalization and New Growth
Urban land use planning and control
 Limits and Regulations
Limit building permits
Urban growth
 Green belts around cities
Public review of new development
 Zoning
Encourage mixed use
 Concentrate development along mass
transportation routes
 Promote high-density cluster housing
developments
 Protection
Preserve existing open space
Buy new open space
 Buy development rights that prohibit
certain types of development on land
parcels
 Taxes
Tax land, not buildings
Tax land on value of actual use (such
as forest and agriculture) instead of
highest value as developed land.
Urban land use planning and control

 Planning
Ecological land use planning
Environmental impact analysis
Integrated regional planning
State and national planning
 For owners agreeing legally to not allow certain types of
development
For cleaning up and development.
Revitalization and New Growth
Revitalize existing towns and cities
Build well-planned new towns and villages within cities