TYPES OF VALVES 1

TYPES OF VALVES

TYPES OF VALVES
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 TYPES OF VALVES

Presented by:
• Lt Saad Saeed PN
• Lt Ahmed Ali PN
• Lt Salman Alam PN
• Lt Subhan PN
• Lt Tofique Javed PN
• Lt Shuja Babar PN
• Lt Ejaz Haider PN
• Lt Zarnab Rauf PN

TYPES OF VALVES
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 SCHEME OF PRESENTATION

• Introduction
• Types of valves
• Screw down valve
• Parallel slide valve
• Gate valve
• Check valve
• Butterfly valve
• Ball valve
• Diaphragm valve
• Bellow seal valve
TYPES OF VALVES
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 INTRODUCTION

What is a valve?

A valve is a device that controls not only the flow, but also the
rate, the volume, the pressure and the direction of liquids,
gases, slurries, toxic gases through a pipeline, chute or similar
passageway

Reasons for fitting?

Controls the flow of fluid:

a. Complete isolation b. Throttle

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BASIC CONSTRUCTION

• Basic parts of valve are as follows:

– Body
– Bonnet
– Valve trim
– Disk
– Seat or seal ring
– Stem
– Actuator
– Packing

TYPES OF VALVES
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 TYPES OF VALVES

• Screw down valve

• Parallel slide valve
• Gate valve
• Check valve
• Butterfly valve
• Ball valve
• Diaphragm valve
• Bellow seal valve

TYPES OF VALVES
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 SCREW DOWN VALVE

• It uses threaded spindle to

control valve position
• There are four types of valve
seat and valve geometry:
– Mitre valve
– Flat vave
– Globe valve
– Hemispherical valve

TYPES OF VALVES
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 PARALLEL SLIDE VALVE

• It is used in steam system

where full flow and no
control is required
• Parallel discs forming valve
lids are kept in contact with
the valve seats by a spring
• Tight seal to flow is
maintained by differential
pressure acting on valve
seats and lid

TYPES OF VALVES
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 GATE VALVE

• It is a general service valve

It operates i.e. open/close
by a disc, or gate that slides
down through the valve to
block the flow
• Recommended Uses:
– Fully open/closed, non
throttling
– Infrequent Operation
– Minimal fluid trapping in
line

TYPES OF VALVES
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 GATE VALVE

• These valves are often

described in terms of sealing
element e.g solid wedge,
parallel slide, parallel double
disk, and split wedge
• Applications:
– Oil
– Gas
– slurries
– heavy liquids
– steam
– corrosive liquids
TYPES OF VALVES
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 GATE VALVE ADVANTAGES

• Gate valves opens or closes slowly, which prevents fluid

hammer and subsequent damage to the piping system
• They need long operation time since setting the valve to
the fully open or closed position requires the handle to
be turned many times
• Good choice for on-off service
• Full flow, low pressure drop
• Bidirectional

TYPES OF VALVES
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 GATE VALVE DISADVANTAGES

• It is not suitable for throttling applications

• It is prone to vibration in the partially open state
• It is more subject to seat and disk wear
• Repairs, such as lapping and grinding, are generally
more difficult to accomplish.

TYPES OF VALVES
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 CHECK VALVE

• Check Valves are described

as reflux, non-return, back
pressure, retaining valve

• The Check Valve is

designed to prevent back
flow. Fluid flow in the
desired direction opens the
valve, while backflow forces
the valve closed

TYPES OF VALVES
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 CHECK VALVE

• Most check valves are

based on either the swing
concept or the lift concept.
Some common types are:

– Swing Check
– Split disk check
– Dual Plate Check

TYPES OF VALVES
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 CHECK VALVE

• Advantages:
– Prevents backflow
– Maintains pressure
– Serve as backup system

• Disadvantages:
- Cant be used with pulsating system
- Closing element may slam close causing damage
and excessive wear

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BUTTERFLY VALVE

• A flat plate is positioned in

the center of the pipe. The
plate is connected to the
rotating handle which turns
the plate either parallel or
perpendicular to the flow
• A tight seal Is obtained by a
synthetic rubber fitted
around the edge of the plate
• Valve can be used with an
actuator for remote

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BUTTERFLY VALVE

• Recommended Uses:
– Fully open/closed or
throttling services
– Frequent operation

• Applications:
– Liquids
– gases
– slurries
– liquids with suspended
solids
TYPES OF VALVES
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 BUTTERFLY VALVE

• Advantages:
– They are suitable for large valve applications
– Compact, lightweight design
– The maintenance costs are usually low
– Pressure drop across a butterfly valve is small
– Used with chemical or corrosive media
• Disadvantages:
– Difficult to clean
– Throttling limited to low differential pressure
– Potential for cavitations and choke
– Unguided disc movement is affected by flow turbulence
TYPES OF VALVES
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 BALL VALVE

• Valve consists of ball having a hole through its centre

• Ball fitted between two seats of synthetic material
• Quick operation by rotating handle

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BALL VALVE

• Uses:
– Used in sea water and fuel
system
– Used only for isolation and
opening

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BALL VALVE

• Advantages:
– Maintains and regulates high volume, high pressure,
and high temp flow
– Low purchase and maintenance costs
– No lubrication requirements
– Give tight sealing with low torque
– Time of valve operation is minimized
– Can be used for throttling service
– Can handle fluids with suspended solids

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BALL VALVE

• Disadvantages:
– Have relatively poor throttling characteristics
– Difficult to clean, leads to contamination

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 DIAPHRAGM VALVE

• A diaphragm valve is a linear motion valve that is used to

start, regulate and stop fluid flow
• The name is derived from its flexible disk, which mates
with a seat located in the open area at the top of the
valve body to form a seal
TYPES OF VALVES
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 DIAPHRAGM VALVE

• Advantages:
– valve components can be isolated from the process fluid
– Valve construction prevents leakage of the fluid without the
use of a gland seal (packing)

TYPES OF VALVES
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 DIAPHRAGM VALVE

• Disadvantages:
– The diaphragm becomes worn more easily and regular
maintenance is necessary
– These types of valves are generally not suited for very
high temperature fluids and are mainly used on liquid
systems

TYPES OF VALVES
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 BELLOW SEAL VALVE

• Used on nuclear submarine

• Used as steam stop/ bypass
valve
• Consists of welded valve
body with removable bonnet
assembly
• Valve sealing is achieved by
bellows

TYPES OF VALVES
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 SELECTION OF VALVE

• The substance to be handled and required flow rate

• The ability of the valve to withstand the maximum working
pressure and temperature
• The ability of the valve to resist attack by corrosion or
erosion
• Actuator requirement
• Maintenance and repair requirement

TYPES OF VALVES
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 REFERENCES

• SEMC (ME) (MESM) PUMPS, VALVES & HEAT

EXCHANGERS
• OPEN SOURCE

TYPES OF VALVES
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