Trainer : MS Jo/Engineering Director Nov 2011

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Topics

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Review of API 682 First Edition Mission Statement API 682 Second Edition ISO 21049 and API 682 Third Edition Scope of Standard Key Concepts Seal Types Seal Arrangements Categories API Pipe Plan
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Review of API 682 First Edition

Created by industry leaders in rotating equipment Designed to capture field experience Defaults to proven solutions Applies to the most common applications

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Mission Statement
from API 682 First Edition

This standard is designed to default to the equipment types most commonly supplied that have a high probability of meeting the objective of a least three years of uninterrupted service while complying with emissions regulations.

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API 682 Second Edition

Success of First Edition Applications outside of refineries Application to non-API 610 Advancement in sealing technology Creation of an International standard

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ISO 21049
Review of API 682 Second Edition by worldwide ISO member countries Reorganization of some chapters Rewording of some clauses Error corrections Modified piping plan selection flowchart New piping plan
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API 682 Third Edition

Release of ISO 21049 created two standards that were not identical Third Edition released to make 682 identical to ISO 21049

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Scope of Standard
Comparison of Editions

First Edition Size

Seal sizes from 1.50 to 4.50 (30mm to 120mm) -40F to 500F (-40C to 260C) 0 to 515 PSIA (0 to 34.5 bar)
Water, sour water, caustic, amines, some acids, most HCs API-610, ISO 13709

Second Edition, ISO 21049, Third Edition

Shaft diameters from 0.75 to 4.30 (20mm to 110mm) -40F to 750F (-40C to 400C) 0 to 615 PSIA (0 to 42 bar)
Water, sour water, caustic, amines, some acids, most HCs ANSI/ASME B73.1 and B73.2, ISO 3069 Frame C, API-610, ISO 13709
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Temperature Pressure (absolute) Fluids Pumps

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Key Concepts
Terminology Seal Types Seal Arrangements Seal Categories

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Seal Types
Over the years, seal companies have released numerous designs and variations No standardization in seal designs, materials, or dimensions Challenge for API 682 Task Force was to create standard seal types defining seal design, materials, installation envelope, and operating windows
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Type A Seal

Rotating flexible element, multiple springs, O-ring secondaries Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM) Alloy C276 springs (316 for single spring option) Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts Throttle bushing in gland

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Type B Seal

Rotating bellows, O-ring secondaries Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM) Alloy C-276 bellows Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts Throttle bushing in gland
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Type C Seal

Stationary bellows, flexible graphite secondaries Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon Alloy 718 bellows Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts Premium carbon floating bushing in gland Bronze anti-coke device

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Rotating vs Stationary
The default Type A and Type B seals have a rotating flexible element A stationary flexible element is an alternate The default Type C seal has a stationary flexible element A rotating flexible element is an alternate If surface speed at the faces exceeds 4500 ft/min (23 m/s), a stationary flexible element must be used

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Seal Arrangements
The seal arrangement defines the number or seals, their orientation, and details about the seals operation Designations
Contacting wet (CW) Containment seals (CS)
Non-contacting dry-running Contacting dry-running

Non-contacting (NC)
Wet running seals Dry-running dual seals
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Contacting Wet Seal - CW

Typical mechanical seal Mechanical seal designed to run on liquid fluid film Does not intentionally create hydrodynamic forces Requires vapor suppression to keep fluid in a liquid phase Designed to run for a minimum of 25,000 hours
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Containment Seal - CS
Designed as a dry running backup seal Outer seal in a dual non-pressurized arrangement May be either a non-contacting or contacting design Operates on buffer gas or vaporized process fluid Run for 25,000 hours at 10 PSI and at least 8 hours under process conditions
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Non-Contacting Seal - NC
May be used as a primary seal or as a dual pressurized seal Seal is designed to create hydrodynamic forces to separate the faces under all operating conditions Designed to run for a minimum of 25,000 hours

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Arrangement 1

1CW-FX or 1CW-FL configuration Single mechanical seal May have a fixed or floating throttle bushing May have single point or distributed flush
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Arrangement 2
Liquid Buffer Fluid

2CW-CW configuration Dual non-pressurized seal with a liquid buffer fluid Same as the First Edition Arrangement 2 seal
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Arrangement 2
Vapor or No Buffer Fluid

2CW-CS configuration Contacting wet seal with a dry running containment seal Containment seal may be either contacting or non-contacting
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Arrangement 2
Vapor or No Buffer Fluid

2NC-CS configuration Inner seal is designed to be non-contacting and operate with liquid, vapor, or mixed phase process Outer seal a containment seal
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Arrangement 3
Liquid Barrier Fluid

3CW-FB configuration Contacting wet seals oriented in a series (or face-to-back) orientation Default Arrangement 3 liquid seal Same as the First Edition Arrangement 3 seal
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Arrangement 3
Liquid Barrier Fluid

Alternate designs for Arrangement 3 liquid seals 3CW-BB or 3CW-FF configurations May be required for specific application or pump designs

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Arrangement 3
Gas Barrier Fluid

3NC-BB configuration Default Arrangement 3 gas seal Non-contacting gas seals in a back-to-back orientation
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Arrangement 3
Gas Barrier Fluid

Alternate designs for Arrangement 3 gas seals 3NC-FF or 3NC-FB configurations May be required for specific application or pump designs

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Categories
Different applications may require different levels of seal sophistication Current practice of specifying modified API-682 seals Size restrictions based on pump construction Cost impact of seals

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Categories
Three categories
Category 1 General duty services in chemical pumps Category 2 Heavy duty services; similar to API-610 7th edition seals Category 3 Heavy duty services; similar to API 682 First Edition seals

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Comparison of Categories
FEATURE
Seal chamber size Temperature range Pressure range absolute Face materials Distributed flush requirements Gland plate metal to metal contact

CATEGORY 1
ISO 3069 Type C, ANSI/ASME B73 -40C to 260C -40F to 500F 22 bar 315 PSIA Carbon vs selfsintered SiC When required or specified Required

CATEGORY 2

CATEGORY 3

ISO 13709/API 610 ISO 13709/API 610 -40C to 400C -40F to 750F 42 bar 615 PSIA Carbon vs reaction bonded SiC When required or specified Required inside and outside bolt circle diameter -40C to 400C -40F to 750F 42 bar 615 PSIA Carbon vs reaction bonded SiC Required Required inside and outside bolt circle diameter

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Comparison of Categories
FEATURE
Seal sleeve size increments Throttle bushing requirements Pumping ring HQ curve required Scope of vendor qualification test

CATEGORY 1
None Fixed carbon, floating carbon optional No Test as Category 1 unless faces tested as Category 3

CATEGORY 2
10mm increments Fixed non-sparking metal, floating carbon optional If specified Test as Category 1 unless faces tested as Category 3 Minimal Minimal

CATEGORY 3
10mm increments Floating carbon

Required Test as Category 3 as entire seal assembly Rigorous including qualification tests Rigorous

Proposal document Minimal requirements Contract data requirements

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Review
API 682 Second Edition represents a major revision over the First Edition ISO 21049 and API 682 Third Edition provide additional refinement to the standard The Standard has categorized three types of seals: Type A, B, and C There are three basic arrangements: Arrangement 1, 2, and 3 To address differing needs for features and documentation, there are three categories of seals: Category 1, 2, and 3

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Piping Plans
The complete listing of piping plans is covered in Annex Continuation of piping plans from the First Edition New piping plans introduced in Second Edition:
Moved over from API 610 Variations of dual pressurized liquid plans Plans for containment and dual gas seals

New piping plans introduced in ISO 21049 / API 682 Third Edition:
Detection of atmospheric side leakage

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Plan 14

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Plan 53A

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Plan 53B

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Plan 53C

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Plan 65

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Plan 71

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Plan 72

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Plan 74

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Plan 75

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Plan 76

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Seal Code
Informative Different from 1st Edition Different from API 610 Four segment code
First segment seal category (C1, C2, C3) Second segment arrangement (A1, A2, A3) Third segment seal type (A, B, C) Fourth segment piping plan (e.g. 11)

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Seal Code
C1A1B11

Category 1 seal Arrangement 1 (single seal) Type B seal (bellows) Plan 11

Category 3 seal Arrangement 3 (dual pressurized seal) Type A seal (pusher) Plan 53B (liquid barrier fluid pressurized by a bladder accumulator)

C3A3A53B

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Thank you for your Attention.

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