Antisca

Acid Pre
lant
Dosing Dosing
Dosing
Tank Tank
Tank
BAGFILTER
2
Micron
Filter
IRON
REMOVAL MULTIGRDE
FILTER FILTER

BAGFILTER Micron
1 Filter

SPENT
BRINE
TANK High pressure Pump
Drain Line
 NANO FILTRATION SYSTEM

Permit
Tank

N.F Pump

REJECT
TANK

By
Manirul Sk.
 MEMBRANE FILTER TECHNOLOGY

• There are four general categories of membrane

filtration systems
• Microfiltration
• Ultrafiltration
• Nanofiltration
• Reverse Osmosis
 MEMBRANE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Filter type Symbol Pore Size, Operating Types of Materials
m Pressure, Removed
psi
Microfilter MF 1.0-0.01 <30 Clay, bacteria, large
viruses, suspended
solids
Ultrafilter UF 0.01-0.001 20-100 Viruses, proteins,
starches, colloids,
silica, organics, dye,
fat
Nanofilter NF 0.001-0.0001 50-300 Sugar, pesticides,
herbicides, divalent
anions
Reverse RO < 0.0001 225-1,000 Monovalent salts
Osmosis
 MICROFILTRATION
Membranes with a pore size of 0.1 – 10 µm perform micro filtration.
Microfiltration membranes remove all bacteria. Only part of the viral
contamination is caught up in the process, even though viruses are smaller
than the pores of a micro filtration membrane. This is because viruses can
attach themselves to bacterial biofilm.

• Typical pore size: 0.1 microns (10-7m)

• Very low pressure
• Removes bacteria, some large viruses
• Does not filter
Small viruses, protein molecules, sugar, and salts
By
Manirul Sk.
 ULTRAFILTRATION
An Ultrafiltration filter has a pore size around 0.01 micron. A
microfiltration filter has a pore size around 0.1 micron, so when
water undergoes microfiltration, many microorganisms are
removed, but viruses remain in the water. Ultrafiltration would
remove these larger particles, and may remove some viruses.
• Typical pore size: 0.01 microns (10-8m)
• Moderately low pressure
• Removes viruses, protein, and other organic molecules
• Does not filter ionic particles like
lead, iron, chloride ions; nitrates, nitrites; other charged particles
 NANOFILTRATION
A nanofiltration filter has a pore size around 0.001 micron.
Nanofiltration removes most organic molecules, nearly all viruses, most
of the natural organic matter and a range of salts. Nanofiltration
removes divalent ions, which make water hard, so nanofiltration is
often used to soften hard water.
• Typical pore size: 0.001 micron (10-9m)
• Moderate pressure
• Removes toxic or unwanted bivalent ions (ions with 2 or more
charges), such as
• Lead
• Iron
• Nickel
• Mercury (II) By
Manirul Sk.
 REVERSE OSMOSIS
Reverse osmosis removes turbidity, including microbes and virtually all dissolved
substances. However, while reverse osmosis removes many harmful minerals, such as
salt and lead, it also removes some healthy minerals, such as calcium and
magnesium. This is why water that is treated by reverse osmosis benefits by going
through a magnesium and calcium mineral bed. This adds calcium and magnesium to
the water, while also increasing the pH and decreasing the corrosive potential of the
water.
• Typical pore size: 0.0001 micron (10-10m)
• Very high pressure
• Only economically feasible large scale method to remove salt
from water
• Salty water cannot support life
• People can’t drink it and plants can’t use it to grow By
Manirul Sk.
A SERIES OF FILTRATION INCREASES
EFFICIENCY

By
Manirul Sk.
 OPERATING STEPS

• BRINE FROM IER :-

CONDUCTIVITY = 125000-150000 MICROSEMENS/CM
PH = 11.5-12.5
TEMPERATURE = 75Deg.Centi.
• LIMITING CONDITIONS OF BAG FILTER
(ARRESTES THE PARTICLES >100 MICRON)

PH = 6.5-7.0
TURBIDITY < 5 NTU
TEMP. = 45Deg.Centi.(Max.)
TDS < 80000 ppm By
Manirul Sk.
 LIMITING PAREMETERS OF
FEED TO BAG FILTER
• Ph : 6.5-7.0
• Turbidity : <5 NTU
• Free Organic : Nil
• Free Chlorime : Nil
• Iron as Fe3 : <0.3 ppm
• Oil & Grease : Nil
• Temperature : 450 C (Max.)
• Suspended solids : <5000 ppm
• TDS : <80000 ppm
• Silica : <15 ppm
• Total Hardness : <200 ppm By
Manirul Sk.
 OPERATING PARAMETERS
• Feed TDS : Less than 80000ppm
• Permeate quality : Colorless water
• Total Feed flow rate : 4 m3/hr(67 lpm)
• Permeate flow rate : 2.8 m3/hr (47 lpm)
• Concentrate flow rate : 1.2 m3/hr (20 lpm)
• Concentrate recycle flow : 5.88 m3/hr (98 lpm)
• System recovery : 70%
• Operating pressure : 28 kg/cm2 (max)
• Operating temperature. : 25-30 deg. C

By
Manirul Sk.
 DETAILS OF IRON REMOVAL FILTER

Details of Filtering Media & Quantity for Iron Removal Filter:

MEDIA QUANTITY DEPTH
1. MnO2 450 kg 450 mm
2. Silica Quartz Sand 90 kg 100 mm
3. 1-3 sized pebbles 90 kg 100 mm
4. 3-7 sized pebbles 90 kg 100 mm
5. 7-15 sized pebbles 90 kg 100 mm
6. 25-40 sized pebbles 90 kg 100 mm

By
Manirul Sk.
 MECHANISM OF IRON REMOVAL FILTER

Iron is removed from an aqueous solution such as an ore

leaching solution by precipitating the iron as hydrated ferric
oxide.
The iron in solution is converted to ferrous ion .
The ferrous ions are adsorbed on particles of manganese
dioxide and subsequently oxidized in accordance with the
equation:
2Fe+++MnO2 + 2H2O=Fe2O3- H2O+Mn+++2H

By
Manirul Sk.
MECHANISM OF IRON REMOVAL FILTER

In the present invention the process is believed to occur as

follows:
1. Adsorption of ferrous ion on the MnO2 surface
2Fe+++MnO2=MnO2—(2Fe++)
2. Reaction involving oxidation of the ferrous ion and liberation.
of Mn++.
MnO2—(2Fe++)+H2O= Fe2O3+Mn+++2H+
3. Liberation of ferric ion with the consumption of H+.
Fe2O3 +6H+ =2Fe+++ +3 H2O
 MULTI GRADE FILTER

Multigrade filter is a depth filter that makes use of coarse and fine media mixed
together in a fixed proportion.
This arrangement produces a filter bed with adequate pore dimensions for retaining
both large and small suspended particles.
Specific flow rates of 0.82 – 1.64 ft/min have been successfully obtained for treating
waters
containing 25 – 50 ppm suspended solids
respectively to produce filtrate with less than
5 ppm.

By
Manirul Sk.
DETAILS OF MULTI GRADE FILTER

Details of Filtering Media & Quantity for MGF:

MEDIA QUANTITY DEPTH

Activated Carbon : 75kg 450 mm
Silica Quartz Sand : 50 kg 100mm
1-3 sized pebbles : 90 kg 100 mm
3-7 sized pebbles : 90 kg 100 mm

By
Manirul Sk.
 MICRON CURTRIDGE FILTER
• MICRON CARTRIDGE FILTERS are essentials end filters, to get a super
clarity & extra sparkle to water that is already filtered by a conventional
sand filter.
• Very fine suspended impurities, colloidal matter, chlorine traces sand
particles etc. which escape untrapped in sand filter, are easily separated
in these filters.
• These cartridge filters are most useful, in various industries, for
achieving high standards of quality of the finished products as a great
help in research activities in laboratories, & microbiological research
organizations.

By
Manirul Sk.
 DETAILS OF MICRON
CARTRIDGE FILTER
• Micron Cartridge Filters are in line units capable of working at a
maximum line pressure of 5 kg./sq. cm.

• Filter cartridge of Cellulose/Polypropelene material are used.

• cartridges in the size of 0.2, 0.4, 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 micron porosity.

• Available in various models with Capacities of 100, 500, 1500, 3000,

5000, 7000, 10000, 12000, 18000, 21000. 24000, 30000 Liters.

• Filter chamber is constructed out of Mild Steel with Rubber Lining & S.
304 or 316
 CARTRIDGES FILTER CLEANING AND
CHEMICAL DOSING.
It is necessary to clean the cartridges of the accumulated impurities
after certain interval of time. For this, by opening the top lid, all the
cartridges are to be physically taken out a brushed carefully using
soft brush or cloth under flow of water.

DECHLORINATION:-

CHEMICAL=SODIUM META-BI SULPHITE DOSING

DOSE = 5ppm

ANTISCALANT:-

CHEMICAL = CHEM AS-902

DOSE = 5ppm By
Manirul Sk.
 CHEMICAL PREPARATION AND DOSING
Take 9.5 liter water in a bucket and mix 0.5 kg of sodium Meta bi-
sulphate in it properly. Fill 90 liter of fresh filtered water in dosing
tank and add sodium meta bi-sulphate solution into it.

SMBS(Sodium meta bi sulphite) dosing system

• Tank Capacity:100 liter
• Pump flow range: 0-6 liter/hr
• Dosing rate: 5ppm
• Feed flow of NF system: 4000 liter/hr
• Chemical Requirement=Feed flow(ltr)*dosing rate
in mg/ltr
=4000*5=20,000mg
By
=20 g in 4000 ltr Manirul Sk.
 CHEMICAL PREPARATION AND
DOSING
Antiscalant dosing system
Tank Capacity :100 liter
Pump flow range : 0-6 liter/hr(In 0-100%
scale setting)
Dosing rate : 5ppm
Feed flow of NF system : 4000 liter/hr
Take 100 liter of fresh filtered raw water in dosing tank and mix 1.5 kg of
Antiscalant in it properly.
Chemical Requirement=Feed flow(ltr)*dosing rate
in mg/ltr
=4000*5=20,000mg
=20 g in 4000 ltr
By
Manirul Sk.
 HYDROCHLORIC ACID
REQUIREMENT
For finding out the dosing rate (liter/hr) of Acid in Feed Water(4000 liter per
hour) having a pH of 11.
Take one liter of feed water in a glass beaker. Add known amount of above acid
in beaker (say 2.5ml) to bring sown the above pH at 6.5 value.
Acid reqd.(liter)=Feed flow(liter/hr)*amount
req.(ml/liter)
=4000*2=8000ml/hr
So to reduce the pH value from 11 to 6.5 in 4000 liter of feed in NF system the
dosing rate required is 8.0 liter per hr. Set the dosing pump capacity setting
scale accordingly.

By
Manirul Sk.
THANK YOU