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WEEDS ?
UNWANTED
OUT-OF-PLACE UNDESIRABLE
USELESS
THEIR HARMFUL EFFECTS EXCEED
THEIR BENEFITS
1. UPLAND / TERRESTRIAL
Grow and complete their life cycle under dry or wet,
but not flooded soils
2. LOWLAND / AQUATIC
Grow and complete their life cycles in flooded areas
o FLOATING
o EMERGED
o SUBMERGED
UPLAND WEEDS…
Tropic ageratum
Bermuda grass
Water hyacinth
1. ANNUALS
Grow and complete their lifespan within a year or less
2. PERENNIALS
Grow for more than 1 year… some indeterminately
o SIMPLE PERENNIALS
o CREEPING / RHIZOMATOUS PERENNIALS
ANNUAL WEEDS…
Garden spurge
Sensitive plant
Spiny amaranth
Fire plant
Three-lobed morning
glory
Synedrella
Tropic ageratum
ANNUAL WEEDS… Jungle rice
Goosegrass
Gooseweed
Smallflower umbrella
plant
Itch grass
Barnyard grass Rice flatsedge
PERENNIAL WEEDS…
Mexican sunflower
Johnson grass
Devil weed
Carabao grass
1. HERBACEOUS
Stem is succulent, does not undergo secondary
growth; common in annuals
2. WOODY
Stem is hard and with a bark. Common in
perennials
Based on GROWTH HABIT:
1. ERECT
Stem grows vertically upward without the aid
of any support
2. TWINING
Stem needs support in order to grow vertically
3. CREEPING
Stems grows horizontally along the ground
o PROCUMBENT - lying along the ground, but not
putting forth roots
o DECUMBENT - lying or trailing on the ground with
the extremity tending to ascend.
Based on GROSS MORPHOLOGY:
1. GRASSES
Narrow leaves with parallel veins ; rounded stems
with distinct nodes & internodes ; fibrous root system
2. SEDGES
Narrow leaves with parallel veins ; triangular stems ;
fibrous root system
3. BROADLEAVES
Wide/broad leaves ; stems woody or succulent ;
usually with tap root system
Broadleaf
Grass Sedge
Fibrous root
system
Taproot system
GRASSES SEDGES BROADLEAVES
Elongated; narrow Elongated; narrow Broad and
LEAVES with parallel with parallel expanded; most
venation venation have netted veins
Succulent; Succulent; Some are
STEM rounded and triangular and succulent and
hollow with filled with others are woody;
distinct nodes and compressed nodes distinct
internodes nodes
ROOTS Fibrous but most
Fibrous Fibrous have taproots
GRASS WEEDS…
Chloris barbata
Para grass
Carabao grass
Crab grass
Sprangle top Crowfoot grass
SEDGES…
Bulrush
Purple nutsedge
Fimbristylis