PJC/MTH - BPN

Agenda
 Kind of snake in East Kalimantan ( non-poisonous
and poisonous )
 Characteristic of Poisonous snake
 Prevention
 Snake bite symptoms
 First Aid
 Treatment in clinic ( SOP )
Borneo / Kalimantan
Kinibalu Mountain
Nepenthes Villosa / Kalimantan
Non – Venomous Snake
East Kalimantan
River Crossing -14
Camaleon – Colour Changing Snake
( East Kalimantan )
East Kalimantan Python
Tiger Python – East Kalimantan
Albino Python –East kalimantan
 Python Feeding
 Danger to humans
 Attacks on humans are rare, but this species has been
responsible for several human fatalities. They are among the
few snakes that have been fairly reliably reported to eat
people.
 Two incidents, apparently in early 20th century Indonesia:
On Salibabu, a 14-year-old boy was killed and supposedly
eaten by a specimen 5.17 m (c.17 ft) in length. Another
incident involved an adult woman reputedly eaten by a
"large reticulated python“.
Venomous Snake
Characteristic of Venomous Snake
 Non venomous snakes - a round pupil in the
eye.
 All venomous snakes (except for the coral
snake) have an elliptical pupil like a cat's
eye.
 Non venomous snakes usually have only
one color
 If has stripes all the way from head to tail,
it's probably a non venomous snake.
 Characteristic of Venomous Snake
 Non venomous snakes have a spoon-shaped round
head.
 Usually, venomous snakes will have an arrow-
shaped or triangular, wide head (but not the coral
snake).
 A venomous snake will have a small depression
between the eye and the nostril. This is called a
pit, which is used to sense heat in their prey.
 Snakes can make it very tricky to tell the
difference, so watch out!
King Cobra – East Kalimantan
Black King Cobra – East Kalimantan
Black Spitting Cobra
Banded Kraits – East Kalimantan
Banded Kraits – East Kalimantan

Kraits = ular malas

Banded Kraits
Sea Snake
Sea Snake ( Turtle head )
•Neurotoxine
•Myotoxine
•10 times of Cobra, Mamba or Rattle.
Sea Snake
Sea Snake ( Red on Yellow will kill fellow )

Red on black venom lack

Sea Snake ( red on yellow /white will kill fellow )
VIPER
Green Viper
Green Viper
Green Viper
Green Pit Viper
 Banded Krait
( Bungarus Fasciatus )
 Banded Krait
( Bungarus Fasciatus )
 Prevention
 They usually stay hidden.
 You should always wear boots, socks, and heavy
weight pants when you’re going some place where
there may be snakes.
 Never stick your hands down any holes. They will
usually only try to bite in self-defense.
 Don’t rely on visual identification of snakes as non –
venomous, you might simply be wrong.
 Snake Bite Symptoms
 It’s depend on kind of snake  Haemotoxine,
Neurotoxine or Myotoxine
 Double fang marks are always present
 Swelling
 Pain
 Black and blue marks on the skin
 Sweating, chills, muscle twitching
 Numbness of the tongue
 Metallic taste
 Snake Bite First Aid
 Do….!
 Stay calm, get safely away from the snake.
 Have some one call : 9111 ( CPU Clinic )
 The less moves the better to avoid spread out of
venoms  Organ damage.
 Have the victim lie down with affected limb lower
than the heart
 Immobilized : splint
 Treat for the shock
 Preserve body heat
 First Aid…..Do and Don’t
 Do…….!
 Remove any rings, bracelets, boots or other
restricting items from the bitten extremity  It
will swell.
 Apply a light constricting  The band should only
be as tight as the nurse applies the band when
taking a blood test. The intention is to restrict
lymphatic flow not blood.
 Wash the bite with soap and water
 Actions to avoid
 Don’t ……!
 Don’t cut the bite  The additional tissue damage may
actually increase the diffusion of the toxin throughout the
body.
 Don’t apply a tourniquet  such action can result in the
loss of the limb.
 Never try to suck out the venom by mouth. You can try the
suction cup in a snake bite kit if not delay.
 Don’t apply cold and / or ice packs  recent studies
indicate that it makes the injury much worse.
 Don’t use anti venoms out door  anaphylactic shock…!!
 Snake bite treatment in Total Clinic
( SOP )
 Position : Lay down position
 ABC Management
 First Aid : see previous slides
 Drugs : ( also refer to anaphylactic shock treatment )
– Adrenaline/Epinephrine ( mild/severe reaction )
– Antihistamine ( Diphenhydramine / Pheniramine )
– Glucocorticoid ( hydrocortison / solumedrol )
– B-Agonist ( ventolin nebulizer / bricasma injection )
– Tetanus Toxoid
 Snakebite treatment……
 Drugs :
– Antibiotic ( Amoxillin and wound dressing )
– Antivenom : Polyvalent Anti Venom Snake /
SABU
Splint
Snakes Caught in SPU

Venomous Snake from the Krait family

Snakes Caught in SPU

Snake from the Krait family

Snakes Caught in SPU

The Python
Snakes Caught in SPU

The Python
 References
 UCAOA ( Urgent Care Association of
America )
 Paul S. Auerbach, Wilderness Medicine