CERTAIN INVESTIGATIONS ON

SPEED CONTROL TECHNIQUES

FOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE
MOTOR DRIVES USING NOVEL
BIO-INSPIRED ALGORITHMS
 AIM
 The primary objective of the research work is to propose
optimization techniques to tune the controller of
SRM(Switched Reluctance Motor).
 A five-phase switched reluctance motor is designed to
satisfy the requirements of flap actuators in medium
size aircrafts.
 The mean torque vs. speed capability and the reduction
of torque ripples are investigated and optimum
commutation angles are evaluated in static conditions.
 To analyze the performance of SRM using asymmetrical
converter with PI-PWM controller and its parameters
are optimized by Crow search optimization.

2
CONTENTS

 1. Introduction
 2. Literature survey
 3. Inference
 4. Problem statement
 5.Motivation
 6. Objectives
 7. Proposed work
 8.Simulation Results
 9.Conclusion
 10. List of publications
3
 INTRODUCTION
 SRM is a type of synchronous machine. It has wound
field coils of a DC motor for its stator windings and
has no coils or magnets on its rotor.

 It can be seen that both the stator and rotor have

salient poles; hence, the machine is a doubly salient,
singly excited machine.

 The switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives are used

in industries for variable speed applications since
1969.
 The simple motor structure and inexpensive power
electronic requirement have made the SRM an
attractive alternative to both AC and DC machines in
adjustable-speed drives.

4
 Literature Review
Sl.
Title of
No Year of Inference
the Paper Authors
Publication

1 Gain-scheduling Mademlis C, IEEE This paper focuses the

regulator for high Kioskeridis I. Transactions speed control of srm drive
performance on Industrial using gain scheduling
position control of Electronics, algorithms
switched reluctance 2010, 57(9):
motor drives. 2922¡2931.

2 Design Optimization of Luca 2015, The experimental results

Switched Reluctance Castellini, IEEE confirm the goodness of
Motor for Aerospace Umbra the proposed design and
Application Cuscinetti, the suitable fault tolerant
Stefano architecture.
Lucidi,.

5
Literature Review Cont…

6
 Literature Review Cont…
Title of
Year of Inference
the Paper Authors
Publication

5 “Parameter Jia-Jun Swarm and DE,PSO,BBC algorithms

Optimization and Wang evolutionary certify the feasibility and
Speed Control of computation 3 effectiveness of the
switched reluctance 9 (2018): 86- parameter optimization
motor based on 98. for the CSM and PID
evolutionary controller.
computation method” Not verified Application
oriental.
6 Speed control with Saha, Engineering Better performance for
torque ripple Nutan, and science and SRM drives by minimizing
reduction of switched the torque ripple and
Sidhartha technology,
reluctance motor by settling times as well as
Optimizing Liaison Panda an
provides better current
Gravitational Search international profile due to its robust
technique. journal20, no. exploitation capability.
3 (2017): Comparison of the two
909-921. controllers will take more
time during the execution.
7
 Literature Review Cont…
Title of
Year of Inference
the Paper Authors
Publication

7 Ghada A. IEEE, Precise Speed Controller

“High-precision speed Abdel Aziz, (PSC) based on a three-layer
control of four-phase Mahmoud
2017. feed forward neural network
switched reluctance Amin is used.
motor fed from The dynamic performance of
asymmetric power the SRM need to be promoted.
converter”.

8 A switched-reluctance Tursini, Electric The mean torque vs.

motor for aerospace Marco, Marco Power current capability and the
application: Design, Villani, Systems torque ripple are investigated
analysis and results Giuseppe Research 14 and
Fabri 2 (2017): 74- optimum commutation angles
83. are evaluated in static
conditions. limitations here is
the power electronics allowed
to
test the prototype at only 1/3
of the rated power

8
Literature Review Cont…

9
 INFERENCE

 Based on the existing SRM control

literatures, it is evident that the
acoustic noise and inherent torque
ripple are the major issues and it is
not controlled in a effective way.

10
 Problem Statement
 SRM construction with doubly salient poles having the problems
of acoustic noise, current ripple and torque ripple in its output.

 In order to eliminate the current variation and torque ripple, an

optimized PI- pulse width modulation (PWM) control is
presented and also to proposed Crow search algorithm to
overcome the tuning problems of PI controller to obtain the
optimal parameters of SRM.

 The problem statement for the multi-objective optimization

problem is formulated as searching the values of proportional
gain, integral gain for both current controller and speed
controller along with the turn on and turn off angle with a goal of
minimizing simultaneously torque ripple and Integral Square
Error of speed.

contd……
11
 MOTIVATION
 The main motivation behind the research is
“the high current ripple and torque ripple
are the main drawbacks of the switched
reluctance motor (SRM) since the
nonlinearity and double saliency, which
limits its applications.
 So to extend its application area, the above
limitations should be resolved by applying a
suitable speed-torque controller along with
the meta heuristic optimization algorithm.

12
 OBJECTIVE
 In order to design the various phases of SRM and observe
what are the major changes that may be occurred in various
phases of SRM
 To observe by using PI controller how the reference speed
track the actual speed
 To implement an Speed-Torque control technique in order to
reduce the torque ripple and current ripple in SRM
 To observe the settling times for the controller using the
parameter values for obtaining best values of flux torque
ripple, Integral square error of speed and current.
 To improve the optimal parameter values by introduce the
optimization techniques and Compare the optimized
controller results with other conventional controller results
and to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods in the
parameter optimization for the speed control of the SRM in
Aerospace application.

13
 Proposed Work
 New techniques inspired of different
natural processes are proposed such as;
 Crow search Optimization (CSO)
 Improved Particle swarm Optimization(IPSO)
 Directed Searching Optimization algorithm (DSO)
 Bio-inspired algorithms based PI-PWM
controller for Switched Reluctance
Motor (SRM) with has been proposed
and the proposed work has been
validated by simulation.

14
GGG

15
 PI CONTROLLER

 In industrial automation and process control, PI

controller is still extensively used because of their
advantages like the simplicity of the process, no
difficulty of design, economical, maintenance, and
effectiveness of most linear systems .
 Nowadays, in more than 85% of the control systems, PI
controller is used. The most critical step is tuning the
gain parameters of proportional gain Kp and Integral
gain Ki values to get the best possible control for a
particular process.

16
 Simulink model of PI Controller for SRM
motor

SRM drive with PI controller is implemented is

shown in Figure. PI controller controls the motor
which minimizes the ripples. The PI controller gains
are given by KP=0.1 and KI=0.8.

17
 Flux of PI controller
0.15

0.1
flux (volts-seconds)

0.05

-0.05

-0.1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
time (sec)

It reaches the steady-state value at 2.8s.

18
 Current response of PI
controller
12

10

8
current (A)

-2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
time (sec)

The motor draws less current initially, and the machine begins to
reach steady state quickly at 2.2 secs.

19
 Torque response of PI
controller
16

14

12

10
torque (N-m)

-2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
time (sec)

Torque peaks at an initial start-up torque but eventually settles at a

steady state value at 2.8secs

20
 Speed response of PI
3500
controller
3000

2500

2000
speed (rad/sec)

1500

1000

500

-500
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
time (sec)

The motor is initially operating at a speed of 500 rpm at

t=1.4s and the speed 3000 rpm settles at 2.7s.

21
 SIMULATION RESULTS OF OPTIMIZED PI
CONTROL USING CROW SEARCH
OPTIMIZATION
 The primary and secondary PI (Proportional and
Integral) gains of controllers are optimized by crow
search algorithm optimization technique.
 Overshoot and settling time is maintained within
the specified limits, and the steady-state error is
made as small as possible with crow search
optimization.
 Torque ripple of optimization techniques is
simulated and the results are compared with
Conventional PI controller.

22
 CROW SEARCH OPTIMIZATION
ALGORITHM

The principles of crow search algorithm are listed as

follows:
 Crows live in the form of flock.
 They memorize the position of their hiding places.
 They follow each other to do thievery.
 They protect their caches from being pilfered by a
probability.

23
24
 Flux of crow search optimization

0.15

0.1

0.05
flux(V-s)

-0.05

-0.1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Time (sec)

The flux reaches the steady state at t=1.1s.

25
 Current response of crow search optimization
20

15

10
current (A)

-5

-10
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
time (sec)

 significantly less current than the conventional strategy, both

initially and as the machine begins to reach steady state at
1.2secs
26
 Torque response of crow search
optimization
25

20

15
torque(N-m)

10

-5

-10
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
time (sec)

Torque ripples are minimized by 3% compared to

PI controller. In figure the initial torque
production of the optimal strategy is slightly lower
than the torque seen in the conventional strategy.
Its Steady state value is obtained at 1Secs
27
 Speed response of crow search
optimization
3500

3000

2500
Speed (rad/sec)

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Time (sec)

The motor is initially operating at speed 500 rpm at t=0.2s and

the speed is changed to 3000rpm and response settles at 0.35s.

28
 Comparative analysis
TYPE PI CSO

Rise time, tr(sec) 0.5 0.33

Settling time, ts(sec) 1.4 1

Peak time(sec) 1.40 0.028

Peak Overshoot (%) 18 4

Torque ripples (%) 2.5 2

Steady-state error, ess (%) 0.04 0

ISE 0.80 0.44

IAE 0.47 0.32

ITAE 0.57 0.16

29
 Summary

 From the results, it is clear that the crow search

optimization has better time domain performance
criteria and integral performance indices.
 All vital parameters such as peak overshoot, settling
time, rise time, peak time, steady-state error, torque
ripples, ISE IAE, ITAE are favoring only crow search
optimization.
 The torque ripples are reduced by 20% by using crow
search algorithm compared to the conventional
technique.
 In crow search algorithm ,the rise time, settling time
and peak time are 0.18sce, 0.035sec and 0.028sec,
respectively which are 10% better than the PI controller.
 Peak overshoot and steady-state error are also reduced
by 25% drastically in crow search algorithm compared
to other conventional technique.

30
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 Course Works
 ODD SEMESTER
Sl. no Code Subject credit

1. PX7301 Power Electronics for Renewable Energy systems 3

2. PS7004 Solar and Energy Storage Systems 3

3. PS7007 Wind Energy Conversion Systems 3

EVEN SEMESTER
Sl. Code Subject credit
no
1. CL7204 Soft Computing Techniques 3

2. PX7204 Power Quality 3

3. PS7002 Energy Management and Auditing 3

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