5 10

 5:6=10:12
6 12
if, A:B=1:2 and C:D=3:4
What is the means and
extremes?
Carl received cash from his relatives on
his birthday. He got EUR 20 from his
mother, USD 12 from his sister, and JPY
2000 from his father. He was told that
USD 2 is equivalent to Php92.20, USD
10 is equivalent to EUR 10, and PhP1 is
equivalent to JPY2.34. How much money
does he have in pesos?
PROPORTION
 01 Define Proportion

02 Fundamental Property of
Proportion

Objectives 03 Kinds of Proportion

Solve problems involving direct,

04 inverse and partitive proportion
 01
PROPORTION
What is PROPORTION?

• A statement that two ratios are

equal.
• Comparison of two ratios.
• Comparative relationship between
a part, share, or portion with
regards to measurement, amount
or number.
FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTY
OF PROPORTION
Fundamental Property of Proportion
1. In any proportion, the product of
the means is equal to the product
of the extremes.
Means

• if a
b

c
d
, then a:d = b:c
Exremes
60 60
5 10

X
6 12
Example:
112 112 3 9 4 2
7 14

X
 
1. 3. 4 12 5. 12 6
8 16
PROPORTION PROPORTION PROPORTION

8 18 5 7 5 8
  
2. 10 22 4. 7 5 6. 8 9
NOT PROPORTION NOT PROPORTION NOT PROPORTION
Find the missing term
7 n n 10
1.  2. 
8 16 6 3
Solution:
7:8 = n:16 n:6 = 10:3
8n = 112 3n = 60
n =14 n = 20
Find the missing term
7 14 n 6
3.  5. 
x 3 6 n

1 n4 n2
4. : 15  x : 60 6. 
4 5 3
Find the missing term

1. 120:0.48=300:x

2. x:0.75=19.2:36

3. 0.25:1.5=x:3
TYPES OF PROPORTION
AGE HEIGHT
1 cup of Sugar = 2
eggs
2 cup of Sugar = ?
1L of gasoline=2 kilometers

2L of gasoline= ?
Direct Proportion
“an increase in one quantity results to
an increase in another quantity and a
decrease in one quantity results to a
decrease in another quantity.”
y = kx
APPLICATION PROBLEM
 If you can buy one can of
pineapple chunks for Php 90
then how many can you buy
with Php 650?
•Asanji took a trip to Mexico. Upon
leaving he decided to convert all of
his Pesos back into dollars. How
many dollars did he receive if he
exchanged 42.7 Pesos at a rate of
$5.30 = 11.1 Pesos?
(convert into nearest hundredths)
Isabelle bought 9 tickets to an
international product
exposition for P2,025. How
many tickets could she
purchase with P3,825?
Eight tea bags are needed to
make 5 liters of iced tea. How
many tea bags are needed to
make 15 liters of iced tea?
A manufacturer knows that during
an average production run, out of
1,000 items produced by a certain
machine, 25 will be defective. If
the machine produces 2,030
items, how many can be
expected to be defective?
If 1 out of 6 people buy a
particular branded item, how
many people can be expected to
buy this item in a community of
6,000 people?
SPEED AND TRAVEL TIME
Inverse Proportion
“an increase in one quantity results
to an decrease in another
quantity.”
k
y
x
 1. A company that produces
smartphones has determined that the
number of smartphone it can sell is
inversely proportional to price. Four
thousand five hundred can be sold
when the price is P8,000. How many
smartphone can be sold if the price of a
smartphone is P7,500?
2. The length of the rectangle is
10 feet when the width is 4feet.
Find the length of the rectangle
when the width is 8 feet?
 3. To finish a certain job in 8
days, 6 workers are needed. If
it is required to finish the same
job in 2 days advance, how
many workers have to work?
Partitive Proportion
”a whole is divided into more than
two parts. “

Example: Divide 238 in the ratio

2:5:7
•A deceased person stated in his
testament that his 30-hectare
land be divided among his three
children using 1:2:3 partition, the
oldest getting the biggest share.
How much did the second child
receive?
•The ratio of cups of water to
cups of sugar in a menu is
3:1:1/2 .If this is just for one
serving, how much of each is
needed for a menu that makes 5
servings?
ans: 5(3:1:1/2)=15:5:2.5
ASSIGNMENT

•1.The branch had an overhead costs of

P60,750.00 last month. What portion of
the overhead should the department
A,B, and C receive if they share in the
ratio of 8:3:4 respectively?
2.In a ratio of 3:2:1, three brothers
invested a total of P1,200,000.00 to
open a store. Find each brother’s
share of the investment?

3. If a:b=5:9 and b:c=4:7, then what is

the value of a:b:c?
4. A certain job can be done by 8 men in
20days. After 5days, 3 men left. How
long will it take for the remaining men to
finish the job?
5) If nine men take 15 days to assemble
18 machines, how many days will it take
20 men to assemble 60 machines?