JAIPUR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Shivam Hyundai Ajmer training Report

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Department of Mechanical Engineering Nikhil Sonwar (8ME 61)

Mr. Arvind Kumar

Prof. H.N.Basu (HOD)

Wheel balancing bycomputerised wheel balancingmachine

It is mainly aimed at studying of wheel

balance by using wheel balancing machine
for passenger car wheel. This Balancing
machine for car wheel is designed for
automatic measurement and correction of
dynamic unbalancing normally the
balancing machine is integrated into a
wheel assembly line.
 When to balance awheel:
• Vibration in the steering wheel atcertain
highway speeds.
• Vibration in the seat or floorboard at certain
highway speeds.
• Scalloped or cupped wear pattern on thetires

*note: Scalloped one of a continuous series of

circle segments or angular projections forming
a border (as on cloth or metal or rubber)
Scalloped tyre
 DYNAMIC BALANCE
*Dynamic balance describes the forces generated by
asymmetric mass distribution when the tire isrotated,
usually at a high speed.

*In the tire factory the tire is mounted on a balancing

machine test wheel, the assembly is accelerated upto
a speed of 300 RPM or higher, and sensors measure
the forces of unbalance as the tire rotates.

*Dynamic balance is better (it is more comprehensive)

than static balance alone, because both couple and
static forces are measured and corrected.
• When the tire rotates, asymmetric masses
cause the wheel to wobble, which cancause
ride disturbances, usually vertical and lateral
vibrations. It can also result in a wobbling of
the steering.
• Wheels that are not balanced or are out of
balance generally produce a vibration that is
uncomfortable to drive in and results in
premature wearing of suspension and
steering components, rotating parts and tyres.
 WHEEL BALANCING MACHINE
• A balancing machine is a measuring tool used
for balancing rotating machine parts such as
wheels, rotors for electric motors, fans,
turbines, disc brakes, disc drives, propellers
and pumps.
• The machine usually consists of two rigid
pedestals, with suspension and bearings on
top supporting a mounting platform.
• Thetire is made free from all thesmall stones, if any.
• Thewheel is fixed to spindle of wheelbalancing machine by useof quick cone locknut.
• Quick cone lock nut ensures fast mountingand fast removal of tire.
• Wheel balancing machine is switch on.
• Thespindle is made to rotate at speed of400 rpm.
• Therotation of the spindle isstopped.
• Wheel balancing machine determines thesize of weights and where to locate weight on the wheel.
• The size of the weight and location of the weight tobe placed is shown on the monitor of the
wheel balancingmachine.
• Theweight is fixed to rim atexact location which is shown on themonitor.
• And wheel is removed from the spindle of wheel balancing by the use of quick conelock nut.
• Now the wheel isbalanced.
• Now it can be used for comfortabledriving.
Weight on rim
• Previously lead is used as a
material for manufacturing a
weight. Because lead is toxic
material so zinc is used for
preparing weights.
weights
 Conclusion

• Wheels are balanced on a wheel balancing machine. The

machine rotates the tire andwheel assembly and automatically
calculates the weight and location of the balance counter
weight. And require amount of weights are added to rim of
wheel.
• It is observed that by balancing the wheel, the life of the tire
will increases, hence there will not be any vibrations in
steering or car and thedrive will be smooth andcomfortable.
Engine
A FLYWHEEL is connected to
the crankshaft of the engine
which is a rotating device.

FLYWHEEL is a body having

large mass and it act as a
reservoir for energy store
coming from the engine.

It stores energy from engine

when it is more and releases
the energy when it is more than
requirement.

In IC engines power produced

in one stroke and the remaining
three strokes are idle. So in
that case a Flywheel supplies
energy to all the rotating parts
and makes the crankshaft to
run at uniform speeds.
The purpose of clutch is to engage
and disengage the transmission
system from the engine when a vehicle
is being driven away from a standstill
and when the gearbox gear change is
necessary. The gradual increase in the
transfer of engine torque to the
transmissions roust be smooth.

When the clutch is in the coupling

(normal running) position, power flows
through it from the engine to the
transmission. If the transmission is in
gear, then power flows on through to
the propelling wheels of the vehicle.

The clutch contains a friction disc,

spring arrangement and pressure
plate for pressing this disc tightly
against the smooth rear face of the
flywheel.
•This GEAR BOX is considered as
the heart of the transmission
system.

•It is located between Clutch and

Propeller shaft .

•Gear box varies the leverage

(speed ratio & hence torque
ratio) between the engine
&driving wheels.

•It is provided with either 4

speed or 5 speed ratios or more
depending on design.
to change the gears to travel at
different speeds.
.

So to maintain uniform speed and

mation,two universal joints are
used, one b/w gear box and drive
shaft and anoher b/w drive shaft
and differential and the coupling is
called universal coupling.

They are designed to to eliminate

torque and speed fluctions(for
constant velocity)

If only one universal joint isused,

speed fluctuations will not be
neutralized
AIR BAGS

• Before crushing
Some fuel injection techniques used by
hyundai:
• Gasoline Direct injection:

• The gasoline is highly pressurized, and injected via a common rail fuel line directly
into the combustion chamber of each cylinder.

• It improves fuel efficiency, and reduces emission levels at low load.

• This technology is for petrol engines only.

Contd…
• CRDi: common rail direct injection

• The term ‘CRDi’ commonly refers to diesel engines.

• GDI and CRDi have a similarity in design since they consist of a

common “fuel-rail” which supply fuel to injectors.

• They considerably differ from each other in pressures & type of

fuel used
CRDi contd…

• It maintains optimum residual fuel pressure and also acts as a

shared fuel reservoir for all the injectors.

• The CRD-i technology works in tandem with the

engine ECU which gets inputs from various sensors
Contd…
• MPFi: multipoint fuel injection system

• Multipoint fuel injection devotes a separate injector nozzle to each cylinder, right
outside its intake port.

• The main advantage is that MPFI meters fuel more precisely than TBI
• Better in achieving the desired air-fuel ratio.