CC113a

Freduard V. Manlapaz
Subject Instructor
NUMBER SYSTEM
 Number systems are the technique to represent
numbers in the computer system architecture, every
value that you are saving or getting into/from
computer memory has a defined number system.

Computer architecture supports following number systems.

 Binary number system
 Octal number system
 Decimal number system
 Hexadecimal (hex) number system
Bit VS Byte
 A binary digit is called a bit. There are two possible
states in a bit, usually expressed as 0 and 1.
 Bit (short for binary digit) is the smallest unit of
data in the computer.
 A series of 8 bits strung together is makes a
byte.(16bits = 2bytes).
 Base 2 Base 10 Base 8 Base 16
(Binary) (Decimal) (Octal) (Hexadecimal)
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8
9 9
A
B
C
D
E
F
Conversion of Number System
Binary Decimal Octal Hexadecimal
Binary to Decimal Decimal to Binary Octal to Binary Hexadecimal to
binary
Binary to Octal Decimal to Octal Octal to Decimal Hexadecimal to
decimal
Binary to Decimal to Octal to Hexadecimal to
Hexadecimal Hexadecimal Hexadecimal Octal
Base 2 to Base 10
Rules:

1. Multiply the leftmost digit by the base number n then

add the next digit to the product.
2. Multiply the sum of rule by the base n and then add again
the next digit to the product.
3. If the right most digit is already added, the operation will
automatically stop and the resulting sum in the actual
decimal equivalent.

*Note: Any number raised to 0 is 1

Example: 1 x 20 = 1
Base 2 to Base 10
Base 10 to Base 2
Rules:
1. Divide the given number by the base (n) until the
quotient is no longer available.
2. Generate the achieved remainders from the bottom
to top and last quotient will be generated as the
leftmost digit.

*Note: In converting decimal to binary every remainder

that is greater than zero is considered one since
binary only accepts two values which is 1 and 0.
Base 10 to Base 2
Base 2 to Base 8
*Note: To convert binary to octal, group the given digits
by 3.
Example: 0/011/100 together with its power of 2 421
which is if added has a sum of 7.(base 8 octal)
Base 2 to Base 8
Base 8 to Base 2
Note:
1. Binary Point (rightmost digit) and black off groups
of three binary digits.
2. Replace each group of three binary digits with
equivalent octal digit. The digit will arrange from 0-
7.
Base 8 to Base 2
References
 https://www.includehelp.com
 Computer Fundamentals by Mary A. Soriano