The History of

Curriculum in
Indonesia
Kevin Arundaya D
Ivan Kusuma
The National Education
System Act No. 20/2003 :
curriculum as a set of plans
and systems about the
goals/objectives, contents
and materials and methods
used to carry out teaching
and learning process to
achieve certain education
goals
Curriculum Development

Design

Develpment

Curriculum
Development
Implementation and Evaluation

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Curriculum change is a logical consequence of the change the political system,
social, cultural, economic and science.

1947 1952 1968

Pancasila and
1994 1984 1975 1945
Constitution

2004 2006 2013

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Curriculum 1968 and
before.
1947, 1952, 1964, 1968,
Curriculum 1968 and before.
Related to political change from the Old Order to the New Order

Pancasila as the education foundation

Objective : to apply the spirit of Pancasila

Contents : to solidify the students’ morality, mentality and faithfully, to enhance

the student’s intelligence and skills as well as to develop the students physique.

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Curriculum 1968 and before. Skills to be developed :

Reading Skills

Listening Skills

Writing Skills

Speaking Skills
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Curriculum 1975
Curriculum 1975

enhancing the quality of the

Indonesian national education,
and specifically this curriculum
Goal was objective-oriented in the
sense that the teacher needed
Oriented to know the students’ objective
in learning a certain item of
knowledge, science or skill

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Curriculum 1975

Program Flexibility

Efficiency and Effectiveness

Orientation to Objectives

Continuity

Life-long education

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 Listening &
Speaking
Four Language
Skills
The English Reading &
Syllabus of 1975 Writing
Curriculum
Grammar,
Language
Pronunciation,
Components
and Vocabulary
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Curriculum 1984
The curriculum 1984 oriented to instructional
goals, and learning in the classroom must be
functional and effective. The teaching approach
was student-centered through students’ active
learning system (Cara Belajar Siswa Aktif—CBSA)
to improve students’ communicative competence.
The goal of this curriculum was the development of
Communicative Competence in the English
Language
Curriculum 1994
Curriculum 1994

Was established with the Education Law 10No.2 in

1989 about National Educational System.

Applied a meaningful-based approach, communicative

approach, and the system of learning time was
changed from the semester to the quarter system.

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Competence-Based Curriculum
(CBC, The Curriculum 2004)
Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC, The Curriculum 2004)

• The curriculum developed at the time was called

Competence-Based Curriculum which focused on
developing ability to do (competence) duties in
accordance with certain performance standards that had
been set.

• the CBC developement grouped into three levels of competence,

namely (1) competence of graduates (KL—Kompetensi Lulusan),
namely the competencies that should be owned by students after
they complete a certain level of education (SD / MI, SMP / MTs, SMU
/ MA), (2) general competencies (KU—Kompetensi Umum), namely
the competencies that should be owned by students after they
followed certain subjects at certain educational levels, and (3) basic
competence (KD—Kompetensi Dasar)
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School-Based Curriculum
(KTSP, The Curriculum 2006)
School-Based Curriculum (KTSP,
The Curriculum 2006)

refers to the various The principles of Development Education Unit Level

national education Curriculum (KTSP) are as follows:
standards to ensure a) Centered on the potential, progress, needs, and self ¬
the achievement of interests of learners and their environment;
national education b) Diverse and integrated;
goals.
c) Responsive to the development of science, technology and
art;
d) Relevant to the needs of life;
e) Comprehensive and sustainable;
f) Lifelong learning;

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The Curriculum 2013

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The Curriculum 2013

Produce Indonesian people who are

productive, creative, innovative, and affective
through empowerment of integrated
attitude, skill, and knowledge

the teachers still have authority to design

lesson plan and develop the materials given
for operationalizing in learning

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Thank you

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