RNP-AP Region, July 8-11th 2003

RF PARAMETERS
(Internal Training to Maintenance Staff)
 Course Contents

 Importance Parameter in Idle Mode

 Importance Parameter in Dedicate Mode

(Handover Parameter)

 Frequently Changed Parameter

 Parameter Confirm for New Site

 MS Activity Concept

Idle Mode (Cell Selection )

Idle Mode (Cell ReSelection)
Dedicated Mode
Importance Parameter in Idle Mode

SYSTEM MESSAGE TABLE

 【Cell Access Permitted】

Value range: Yes (0), No (1)

Unit: None

Content: i.e. CELL BAR ACCESS, worked together with

CBQ to set the priority status of the cell.

Recommendation: Yes
 【Cell Bar Qualify Permitted】

Value range: Yes(1) , No(0)

Unit: None

Content: i.e. CBQ (Cell Bar Qualify). CBQ only affects

the selection of cells but is not related to cell
reselection. It works with CBA to define the priority
status of cells.

Recommendation: No.
Application of 【Cell Bar Qualify Permitted】

A B

The traffic of cell A and B is high. Set these two cells

with CBA=“No”, CBQ=“No”.
Application of 【Cell Bar Qualify Permitted】

B
A

B is a micro cell. Set B to “Normal” and A to “Low”.

Application of 【Cell Access Permitted】
 C2 Formula

• C2= C1 + Cell_Reselection_Offset – Temporary_Offset

*H(Penalty_Time – T) When Penalty_Time <>31

• C2= C1 – Cell_Reselection_Offset. (When

Penalty_Time =31)

• H(x) = 0 when x<0

• 1 when x>0
 【Cell Reselect Parameters Indication】

Value range: Yes (1), No (0).

Unit: None

Content: Cell Reselect Parameters Indication(PI), sent on the

broadcast channel of the cell. It is an indication of existence of
“Cell Reselect Offset(CRO)”, “Temporary Offset(TO)” and
“Penalty Time(PT)”.

Recommendation: Yes.
 【Cell Reselect Offset】

Value range: 0～63, the corresponding level value: 0~126dB,

step size=2dB.

Unit: None

Content: i.e. CRO(Cell Reselect Offset). It is a parameter in

C2 calculation to give a manual modification in MS cell
reselection.

Recommendation: 0
 【Cell Reselect Temporary Offset】

Value range: 0~7 , the corresponding value is 0~60dB, 7

corresponds to “Infinite”

Unit: None

Content: TO(Cell Reselect Temporary Offset). It is a

parameter in C2 calculation to give a temporary modification
within PT time.

Recommendation: 0
 【Cell Reselect Penalty Time】

Value range: 0~31, the corresponding time is 20~620s. Step

is 20s. 31 is the reserved to change the Sign of CRO
applies on C2.

Unit: None

Content: i.e. PT(Cell Reselect Penalty Time). It is a

parameter show the duration for which TO applies . Its main
function is to prevent MS from frequent cell reselections.

Recommendation: 0
 【Cell Re-selection Hysteresis】

Value range: 0～14 , the step size is 2

Unit: dB

Content: i.e. Cell Selection Hysteresis. It is the parameter

used when cell reselection is happened between two different
location area.

Recommendation: 4
 【National Color Code (NCC) Permitted】

Value range: Check box, including options 0~7.

Content: i.e. NCC permitted, to be sent in system messages

2, 6.

Recommendation: Subject to the concrete conditions.

 【CCCH Configuration】

Value range: 1 non-composite CCCH, 1 composite CCCH, 2 non-

composite CCCHs, 3 non-composite CCCHs, 4 non-composite
CCCHs.

Content: The number of CCCH message blocks in a corresponding

BCCH multi-frame can be 9, 3, 18, 27, 36. CCCH configuration
determines PCH, AGCH and RACH capacity.

Unit: None

Recommendation: When there is one RC in the cell, one composite

CCCH is recommended (in a system with a small location area
paging message). For others, configure CCCH according to the
number of carriers in the cell.
 【 BS-AG-BLKS-RES 】

Value range: 0～2(1 composite CCCH), 0~7 (others)

Unit: Block

Content: It is the number of CCCH channel message blocks

that are reserved for access granted channels.

Recommendation: 2
 【T3212】

Value range: 0～255

Unit: 6 minutes(Deci-hour)

Content: It defines the time-out value that controls the location

updating procedure,i.e.when notifying the availability of the
MS to the network.

Recommendation: 30 (for urban area), 20 (for suburban area)

 【Radio Link Timeout Counter】

Value range: 4～64, the step size is 4

Unit: SACCH period (480ms)

Content: i.e. RLINKT(Radio Link Timeout). This parameter is

used for MS to decide up-link disconnection based on
SACCH decoding failures.

Recommendation: 20~56
【Radio Link Timeout Counter】

P Q
A B

Impact of radio link timeout

 【MS Max Tx Power Level】

Value range: 0～31

Unit: level

Content: I.e. MS-TXPWR-MAX-CCH. This parameter

determines the maxi. allowed output power of the MS in a
cell. The MS will initially access network at Mim.[MS-
TXPWR-MAX-CCH, MS-physical-max-power].

Recommendation: 5(900M), 0(1800M)

 【MS Min Rx Signal Level】

Value range: 0～63

Unit: Level

Content: i.e. RXLEV-ACCESS-MIN. It means the minimum

received signal level required for MS to able to access
system.

Recommendation: 8
 【Attach-detach Allowed】

Value range: Yes, No

Content: i.e. Attach-detach allowed, ATT. If it is set to “Yes”,

the network will not process the called connection of the
subscriber when MS is shut down, thus saving network
processing time and resources. Otherwise the network
cannot know this event in time.
Recommendation: Yes
 【DTX Indication】

Value range: Activity allowed, Activity obligatory, Activity

forbidden.

Unit: None

Content: Indicates how the MS uses DTX in the past

measurement period.

Recommendation: Activity obligatory.

 【ECSC】

Value range: Yes, No

Unit: None

Content: i.e.Early Class-mark Sending Control. It informs MS in

a cell whether class-mark3 should be sent in advance actively
or not.

Recommendation: No.

• For a dual band MS the Classmark 3 (CM3) message contains information on

power capabilities of both bands.
• Huawei uses Early Classmark Sending (ECSC)
 To ensure power class of MS are interpreted correctly during handover
between bands
 【Multi-band Reporting】

Value range: 0～3

Unit: None

Content: i.e.MBR, It is used to inform MS how to report the

adjacent cells from different band. It is sent in the system
messages 2ter and 5ter.
 【Multi-band Reporting】

GSM1800
A -92dBm
B -82dBm

S GSM900
H -84dBm
C -68dBm E -78dBm
D -90dBm F -88dBm

G -96dBm
 【BA Table 】

There are table BA1 and table BA2.

Table BA1 describes BCCH frequencies of the adjacent

cells to be measured when the MS is in idle mode.

Table BA2 describes BCCH frequencies of the adjacent

cells to be measured when the MS is in dedicated
mode.
 SOME IMPORTANCE
PARAMETER IN CELL DATA
【Number of SACCH multi-frames】

Value range: 0～31

Unit: SACCH period(480ms)

Content: It is used by BTS to inform BSC of the uplink failure.

Recommendation: BTS3X 14 (31 is recommended for

version after 05.0529 ); BTS2X 31
【Maxi. repeat times of physi. Info.】

Value range: 1~255

Unit: times

Recommendation: 100

Content: In asynchronous handover, the MS keeps sending

handover access bursts to the network. When BTS detects
the handover access burst from the MS, BTS returns
physical information message to the MS through the
SDCCH channel and activates the timer T3105 to wait reply
message from MS.
 【Maxi. timing advance】

Value range: 0～127(127 means no time advance)

Unit: Bit period, 1 bit period corresponds 0.55km

Recommendation: 63

Content: This parameter specifies the available maxi. service

area of the cell.
 【Cell extension class】

Value range: Normal cell, single timeslot extended cell, double

timeslots extended cell.

Unit: None

Content: It indicates whether the cell is an extended cell and

what kind of extended cells it is.
 【Cell extension offset】

Value range: 0~35

Unit: Km

Content::Since GSM time advance is limited in 63bit, the

radius of a cell can not exceed 35Km. This parameter is the
minimum distance between the cell and the BTS.

Recommendation: 0 (for normal cells), 34 (for single

timeslot extended cells)
 【Immediate assignment of TCH 】

Recommendation: No

Content: “Yes” means TCH channel can be assigned

immediately when an access request is processed; “No”
means that only SDCCH channel can be assigned.
 【Direct retry permitted】

Value range: No, Yes

Content::i.e.TCH direct retry, to be handed over from

SDCCH in the serving cell to a TCH in an adjacent cell by
using handover procedure.

Recommendation: Yes.
 Course Contents

 Importance Parameter in Idle Mode

 Handover and Handover Parameter

 Frequently Changed Parameter

 Parameter Confirm for New Site

 Sub-Contents

Summary of Handover (HO)

HO Algorithm Flow

HO Parameter
 Purpose of HO

Purpose of HO
To keep moving MS continuous communication
To improve network service performance
To reduce the call drop rate
To reduce the congestion rate
 Classification of HO

Classification of HO: according to different HO

triggering conditions

1.Emergency HO TA Emergency HO
Bad quality(BQ) Emergency HO
Rapid signal drop(RSD) Emergency HO
Interference Emergency HO
2.Load HO
3.Normal HO Edge HO
Hierarchical HO
PBGT HO
4.Speed-sensitive HO (Fast moving HO)
5.Over-layer/under-layer HO
 Sub-Contents

Summary of Handover (HO)

HO Algorithm Flow

HO Parameter
 HO Algorithm Flow

 Measurement report preprocessing

 Penalty processing

 Basic sequencing of cells and adjustment of

network characteristics
 General Flow of HO Algorithm

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 Measurement Report Preprocessing

Serving cell Neighbour cell

The downlink
measurement report
of the serving cell

The uplink The downlink

measurement report of measurement report of the
MS neighbour cell (BCCH)

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 Measurement Report Preprocessing

Missing MR processing
 Every time BSC receives a measurement report, there
will be a update to the basic sequencing of cells.

 As BTS may fail to receive the measurement report from

MS, so before the sequencing updating, BSC needs to
recover the missing measurement report according to Filter
Data Table. If the missing MR amount is within the allowed
range, then recover the missing MRs according to the
algorithm.
 Measurement Report Preprocessing

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 Measurement Report Preprocessing

How to filter the measurement report?

Continuous MR
flow

MR MR MR
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Filter----Average several continuous MR.

 HO Algorithm Flow

 Measurement report preprocessing

 Penalty processing

 Basic sequencing of cells and adjustment of

network characteristics
 Penalty Processing

1. Penalty on the target cell:

Punish the target cell where a HO fails to avoid MS to select this cell again in
another HO judgment and fail again.

Cell A

BTS
HO failure

BSC

Cell D

BSC gives corresponding signal level penalty on cell D

 HO Algorithm Flow

 Measurement report preprocessing

 Penalty processing

 Basic sequencing of cells and adjustment of

network characteristics
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics
Basic sequencing of cells and adjustment of network characteristics
are major parts of the HO judgment. Sequencing is made by 16bits
algorithm. The serving cell and the candidate neighbor cells will be
listed in a cell list according to their 16bits value. The sequencing
process includes:

M rule

K rule

16bits sequencing
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

I. M judgment:
According to the min downlink receiving level and the min receiving level offset of the

reported

neighbor cell, judge whether the cell is qualified as a candidate neighbor cell to be put

into the cell list for handover.

M rule: only the cells with receiving signal level satisfy the following

conditions can be put into the candidate cell list.

For serving cell: RXLEV (o) >MSRXMIN(o) + MAX(0,Pa(o))

For neighbour cell: RXLEV(n) > MSRXMIN(n)+ MAX(0,Pa(n)) + OFFSET

 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics
II. K rule:
The cells surviving from M rule, including the serving cells
and candidate neighbor cells, are sequenced according to
their receiving signal level which is actually a part of 16bits
rule.

• Main Concept Network Characteristic Adjustment

The following 3 network info are used:
• Co-BSC or co-MSC
• Hierarchical setting of the cell
• Load of cell
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

III. 16bits rule

Both the serving cell and the neighbor cell have their own 16bits value.
The smaller the value is, the higher the priority and the position is in
the cell list.

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 1st-3rd bits: bit value is decided according to the cell signal level.
The value result of max. 6 candidate cells and 1 serving cell according
to the level ranges from 000~110, the value for the cell with the
strongest signal level is 000.
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 4th bit: bit value is decided by inter-cell HO hysteresis.

The 4th bit of the serving cell is always 0,

The receiving level of the neighbor cell > The receiving level of the
serving cell + Inter-cell HO hysteresis, set to 0.

The receiving level of the neighbor cell < The receiving level of the
serving cell + Inter-cell HO hysteresis, set to 1.

Note: In PBGT HO, if inter-cell hysteresis is larger than PBGT

threshold, then inter-cell hysteresis will replace PBGT threshold.
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 5th-10th bits: bit value is decided according to their

position in Huawei hierarchical network structure.

When the signal level of the neighbor cell or the serving cell
is lower than the hierarchical HO threshold(hysteresis),
shield it and set all bits to 0).

Huawei network can be divided into 4 layers and each layer

can be further divided into 16 different priorities. So there
are 64 different priorities in Huawei hierarchical network.
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics
Hierarchical network structure

Umbrella
Cell GSM 900

GSM900
GSM 900 GSM 900 GSM 900
Cell

GSM1800 GSM1800 GSM1800 GSM1800

Cell

GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900

Micro Cell
GSM1800 GSM1800 GSM1800 GSM1800
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 11th bit: bit value is decided by cell load

Serving cell: if Load>= Start threshold of load HO, set to 1,

otherwise set to 0.

Neighbor cell: if Load>=receive threshold of load HO, set to 1,

otherwise set to 0.

Refer to Load HO Data Table for the start threshold and receive
threshold of load HO.
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 12th and 13th bits: bit value is decided by co-BSC/MSC

adjustment
Serving cell: always 0
Neighbor cell: if co-BSC/MSC with the serving cell, set 12/13 to 0,
otherwise set to 1, 12th bit is for BSC, 13th bit is for MSC.

When the signal level from the neighbor cell or the serving cell is lower
than the hierarchical HO threshold( including hysteresis) or co-BSC/MSC
adjustment is not allowed, shield them and set 12/13 to 0.
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 14th bit: Hierarchical HO threshold adjustment bit

Serving cell: The receiving level >= hierarchical HO threshold -

hierarchical HO hysteresis, set to 0. Otherwise set to 1, and
meanwhile, the 13th, 12th and 10th—5th bits are set to 0

Neighbor cell: The receiving level >= hierarchical HO threshold +

hierarchical HO hysteresis, set to 0. Otherwise set it to 1, and
meanwhile, the 13th, 12th and 10th—5th bits are set to 0
 Basic Sequencing of Cells and Adjustment of
Network Characteristics

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The 15th bit: bit value is decided by cell type

No matter it is a serving cell or a neighbor cell:

For an extension cell, set to 1.
For a normal cell, set to 0.

The 16th bit: a reserved bit

 Sub-Contents

Summary of Handover (HO)

HO Algorithm Flow

HO Parameter
 HO Process
Initializing

M rule

K rule

16bits rule
Forced HO Direct re-try
Emergency HO judgment Send HO command

Load HO judgment Send HO command

Send HO command
Normal HO
Edge HO
Fast moving HO
Hierarchical HO
Over-layer/under-layer HO
PBGT HO
 HO Classification

 Emergency HO -- TA, BQ, RSD, Interf.

 Load HO
 Normal HO-- Edge HO, Hierarchical HO, PBGT HO
 Fast moving HO
 Over-layer/under-layer HO
 1. Emergency HO – TA HO

 TA of the serving cell is bigger than emergency

HO TA limit

 Requirements for the target cell:

Select the neighbor cells with highest position(lowest

16bits value) except the serving cell.

 1. Emergency HO – TA HO

• 3 Tables and 4 parameters

• A) Table: Emergency handover table
• Parameter: TA Threshold
– HO triggered when TA is larger than this value.

Item Value

Default 63 (219 for extended cell)

Current 63

Range 0 to 255

Unit none
 1. Emergency HO – TA HO

• B) Table: Filter table

• Parameter: Filter length for TA
– Indicates the number of MRs to be used to do TA
averaging calculation.

Item Value

Default 6

Current 4

Range 1 to 32

Unit none
 1. Emergency HO – TA HO
• C) Table: Penalty table
• i) Parameter: Penalty time after TA HO fail
– Penalty time on original serving cell after HO due to TA

Item Value
Default 10
Current 10
Range 0 to 60
Unit seconds

• ii) Parameter: Penalty level after TA HO fail

– Penalty level on original serving cell after HO due to TA
– To avoid Ping-Pong

Item Value
Default 63
Current 63
Range 0 to 63
Unit dB
 1. Emergency HO – BQ HO

 The average value of the uplink quality of the serving cell is

bigger than the uplink quality limit of emergency HO

 The average value of the downlink quality of the serving cell

within is bigger than the downlink quality limit of emergency HO

 Requirements for the target cell:

Select the neighbor cells with highest position(lowest 16bits value) except the
serving cell.
 1. Emergency HO – BQ HO

• 3 tables - 2 parameters for each table

• A) Table: Emergency handover table

• i) Parameter: UL Qual Thrsh.

– Threshold value of Uplink RxQual to tigger HO.
• ii) Parameter: DL Qual Thrsh.
– Threshold value of Downlink RxQual to tigger HO.

Item Value
Default 60
Current 50
Range 0 to 70
Unit RxQual x 10

Note: same for both parameter

 1. Emergency HO – BQ HO

• B) Table: Filter Table

• i) Parameter: Filter length for TCH / SDCCH Qual

– number of Measurement Reports (MR) to be used to do
TCH/SDCCH signal quality averaging calculation.
• ii) Parameter: Filter length for TCH/SD Level
– number of Measurement Reports (MR) to be used to do
TCH/SDCCH signal level averaging calculation.

Item Value

Default 6/3
Current 6/3

Range 1 to 32

Unit None

Note: same for both parameter

 1. Emergency HO – BQ HO

• B) Table: Penalty Table

• i) Parameter: Penalty level after BQ HO fail

– To avoid “Ping-Pong” handover when the emergency handover to
the target cell fails. A penalty level will be applied to the signal
level of this target cell.
– This penalty is valid only during the duration of “Penalty time after
BQ HO Fail.”.

Item Value

Default 63

Current 63

Range 0 to 63

Unit dB
 1. Emergency HO – BQ HO

• ii) Parameter: Penalty time after BQ HO fail

– indicates the duration for penalty level

Item Value

Default 10
Current 10

Range 0 to 60

Unit seconds
 1. Emergency HO – RSD HO

RSD HO (Rapid Signal Drop)

 Triggered upon detecting rapid signal drop during the call:

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 Requirements for the target cell:

the target cell is in the highest position in the cell list.
 1. Emergency HO – RSD HO

• 2 tables and 10 parameters.

• A) Table: Handover control table

• Parameter: Rx_Level_Drop HO Allowed

• Default Value: NO
• Current Value: NO

• B) Table: Emergency HO table

• Parameter: Filter parameter A0 to A8

• Parameter: Filter parameter B

 This type of HO has been disable because parameter setting is complex.

Difficult to get good values.
 1. Emergency HO – Interference HO

Interference HO: also classified as emergency HO, and triggered

when the receiving level is bigger than a certain value but the receiving
quality is worse than the quality threshold of interference HO.

Requirements for the target cell:

1. The target cell is in the highest position except the serving cell
2. The signal level of the target cell should be bigger than the
hierarchical HO threshold + the hierarchical HO hysteresis
If there is no candidate cell other than the serving cell in the cell list, and
intra-cell HO is allowed, then start intra-cell HO. Otherwise, no HO is
performed.
 1. Emergency HO – Interference HO

• Situation where RxLev is good but RxQual below certain value.

• Difference to BQ HO

 Interference HO triggered before RxQual deteriorated to affect

conversation.

Rx Qual

HO triggered

Qual_Thr

Rx Level (dBm)
Lev_Thr
 1. Emergency HO – Interference HO

• 1 table and 4 parameters

• A) Table: Emergency HO data table

• i) Parameter: UL Qual. Thrsh. for inter.HO

• ii) Parameter: DL Qual. Thrsh. For interf.HO

Item Value

Default 50

Current 40

Range 0 to 70 (i.e. RxQual 0 to 7)

Unit RxQual x 10
 1. Emergency HO – Interference HO
• iii) Parameter: UL RX_LEV Thrsh. for inter.HO

Item Value
Default 25
Current 25
Range 0 to 63 ( -110 to -47 dBm)
Unit -

• iv) Parameter: DL RX_LEV Thrsh. For interf.HO

Item Value
Default 30
Current 30
Range 0 to 63 ( -110 to -47 dBm)
Unit -
 2 Load HO

3 pre-conditions should be satisfied at the same time to trigger

The system signaling flow is less than load HO flow level threshold
The load of the cell needing HO is higher than load HO start threshold
The load of the cell receiving HO is lower than load HO receive threshold
Requirements for the target cell:
 the receiving level should be bigger than the hierarchical HO threshold +
hierarchical HO hysteresis.
Purpose:
Sharing Traffic between Overload Cells and Under-load Cells
Prevent Traffic of adjacent cell handover to congestion cells
Note:
Can carried out between cell at difference layers
However Load HO is only permitted in the same BSC( not used in AIS Network)
 3 Normal HO – Edge HO

Edge HO Or Border HO:

1. The serving cell receiving signal level is already lower than the margin HO threshold
2. Within the margin HO Watch time, for example 5 seconds, the time in which the
signal level of the serving cell lower than the margin HO threshold is longer than
margin HO Valid time, for example 4 seconds
3. The target cell ranks the highest in the cell list

margin threshold
 3 Normal HO – Edge HO

• 2 table and 5 parameters.

• A) Table: Adjacent Cell Relation Table
• i) Parameter: Inter_cell HO hysteresis
– This parameter only applicable for cells of the same layer

Item Value
Default 4 (for urban) ; 8 (suburban)
Current 4

Range 0 to 63

Unit dB
 3 Normal HO – Edge HO
• B) Table: Normal Handover Table
• i) Parameter: Edge HO UL RX_LEV Thrsh

Item Value
Default 20 (urban with PBGT & suburban)
25 (urban without PBGT)
Current 20 (-90 dBm)
Range 0 to 63 (-110 to -47 dBm)
Unit -
• ii) Parameter: Edge HO DL RX_LEV Thrsh

Item Value
Default 25 (urban with PBGT & suburban)
30 (urban without PBGT)
Current 23 (-87 dBm)
Range 0 to 63 (-110 to -47 dBm)
Unit -
 3 Normal HO – Edge HO
• B) Table: Normal Handover Table (con’t)
• iii) Parameter: Edge Watch Time
– UL & DL Rx_Lev measured for this period to evaluate Edge HO

Item Value
Default 5
Current 3
Range 1 to 16
Unit seconds

• ii) Parameter: Edge valid time

– When Rx_Lev UL or DL is below Edge Rx_Lev Threshold for this
duration => HO triggered

Item Value
Default 4
Current 2
Range 1 to 16
Unit seconds
 3 Normal HO – Hierarchical HO

Hierarchical HO:

1. hierarchical HO only exists between different layers or different priorities at the same layer, and
there is no hierarchical HO between cells from the same layer and with the same priority.
2. The triggering condition is that the signal level of the neighbor cell is higher than the
hierarchical HO threshold + hysteresis, while there is no requirement for the level of the serving
cell.
3.The neighbor cell ranks higher than the serving cell and has higher priority than the serving cell
4. P/N judgment is satisfied, for example, within 5 seconds, the time that the cell is in the first
position of the cell list is longer than 4 seconds.

Attention: from low priority→high priority, emergency HO, margin HO and hierarchical HO are
possible
from high priority→low priority, emergency HO and margin HO are possible, and
hierarchical HO is not.
 3 Normal HO – Hierarchical HO

• 2 tables with 6 parameters

• A) Table: Cell description table
• i) Parameter: Layer of the cell

Item Value

Default 3
Current 3 (Huawei G9); 2 (Huawei G18)
Range 4 for Umbrella Layer
3 for Macro
2 for Micro
1 for Pico

Unit Layer

The smaller the layer value , the higher the priority.

 3 Normal HO – Hierarchical HO

• ii) Parameter: Cell Priority

– Sets the handover priority of the cells in the same layer.
– Generally, the priority of the cells in the same layer should be the
same.
– For the cells on the same layer, the smaller the priority value the
higher the priority.

Item Value
Default 1
Current 2
Range 1 to 16
Unit -
 3 Normal HO – Hierarchical HO

• iii) Parameter: Inter-layer HO Thrsh.

– The threshold for inter-layer Hierarchical Handover.
– This threshold should satisfy the following requirement: Inter-
layer HO Thrsh. ≥ Edge HO RX_LEV Thrsh. + Inter-cell HO
hysteresis.

Item Value
Default 25 (-85 dBm)
Current 25 (-85 dBm)
Range 0 to 63. (-110dBm to -47dBm)
Unit -
 3 Normal HO – Hierarchical HO

• iv) Parameter: Inter-layer HO hysteresis.

– Indicates the hysteresis for inter-layer handover.
– It is used to avoid inter-layer Ping-Pong handover.
– Actual Inter-layer HO Thrsh. of Adjacent cell = value of Inter-layer
HO Thrsh. + Inter-layer HO hysteresis.

Item Value
Default 3
Current 3
Range 0 to 63
Unit dB
 3 Normal HO – Hierarchical HO
• B) Table: Normal Handover Data Table
• v) Parameter: Layer HO watch time.
– Inter Layer HO measured for this period to evaluate HO
Item Value
Default 5
Current 3
Range 1 to 16
Unit seconds
• vi) Parameter: Layer HO valid time
• Inter-layer HO triggered when serving and adjacent cells
satisfy inter-layer threshold and hysteresis for duration of
‘Layer HO valid time’

Item Value
Default 4
Current 2
Range 1 to 16
Unit seconds
 3 Normal HO – PBGT HO

PBGT HO
PBGT HO algorithm is based on path loss. PBGT HO algorithm looks
for whether there is a neighbor cell with lower path loss and
satisfying certain system requirements, and judges whether HO is
necessary. PBGT HO brings the following advantages:
Solution for problems of cross-cell coverage.
More flexible method for traffic distribution control.
Always offer users with the best service currently available.
 Reduce the overall network interference.
Attention: PBGT only happens between cells from the same layer and
with the same priority.
 3 Normal HO – PBGT HO

Triggering rule of PBGT HO:

The path loss of the neighbor cell is less than the serving cell’s by
certain value which is called the PBGT HO threshold
 The neighbor cell ranks higher than the serving cell do in the cell
list
Meeting P/N rule in PBGT HO statistics time

Attention: PBGT is only available for TCH HO.

 3 Normal HO – PBGT HO

• 3 tables and 4 parameters

• A) Table: Handover Control Table
• Parameter: PBGT HO allowed
• Current value: YES
• B) Table: Adjacent Cell Relation Table
• Parameter: PBGT HO Threshold

Item Value
Default 68
Current 68 (4 dBm)
Range 0 to 127 ( -64 to 63 dBm)
Unit -
 3 Normal HO – PBGT HO
• A) Table: Normal Handover Data Table
• i) Parameter: PBGT watch time
– Path Loss of adjacent and serving cell is compared for the
duration of this period

Item Value
Default 5
Current 3
Range 1 to 16
Unit seconds
• ii) Parameter: PBGT valid time

Item Value
Default 4
Current 2
Range 1 to 16
Unit seconds
 3 Normal HO – PBGT HO
The condition of PBGT (n) > PGBT_Ho_Margin (n) is met in Valid times of Watch times of
statisticsใ

• The calculating method of PBGT (n) is as follows:

• PBGT (n) = (Min (MS_TXPWR_MAX, P) - RXLEV_DL - PWR_C_D)
• - (Min (MS_TXPWR_MAX (n), P) - RXLEV_NCELL (n))

• The meaning of each parameter is as follows:

• MS_TXPWR_MAX: maximum MS transmission power permitted by the service
cell
• MS_TXPWR_MAX (n): maximum MS transmission power permitted by the
adjacent cell (n)
• RXLEV_DL: downlink receiving power of the service cell
• RXLEV_NCELL (n): downlink receiving power of the adjacent cell (n)
• PWR_C_D: difference between the maximum downlink transmission power of
the service cell due to power control and the actual downlink transmission
power of the service cell.
• P: maximum transmission power capability of MS
 4 Fast Moving HO

Criteria: Among the statistics cells, if the actual number of cells

the MS past fast is equal to or more than fast moving cell actual
number, then the MS will be handed over to the neighbor layer 4
cell.

Macro cell
 5 Over-layer/Under-layer HO

Over-layer/under-layer cell: able to realize tight

frequency reuse in the under-layer subcell(inner circle)
and wide coverage in the over-layer subcell(outer circle)
 5 Over-layer/Under-layer HO
Over-layer/under-layer cell: division of inner circle and
outer circle is decided by MS downlink receiving level and TA
value.
 HO Process Review
Initializing

M rule

K rule

16bits rule
Forced HO Direct re-try
Emergency HO judgment Send HO command

Load HO judgment Send HO command

Send HO command
Normal HO
Edge HO
Fast moving HO
Hierarchical HO
Over-layer/under-layer HO
PBGT HO
 The process to Look for HO Data

1.BA2 table defines BCCH carriers of all defined neighbor cells, and they are sent to MS
by system message 5 on SACCH.

2.MS reports BCCH carriers,BSICs and signal levels of the max. 6 neighbor cells which
have highest signal levels out of all the defined neighbor cells, and of the serving cell to
BSS (through measurement reports)

3.After pre-processing of measurement reports, BSC ascertains module numbers, cell

number and CGI of all neighbor cells through Adjacent cell Relation Table and Cell
Description Data Table (or Outer Cell Description Data Table) by the aid of BCCH carrier
and BSIC.

4.BSC performs HO judgment processes such as basic sequencing of cells (completed in

LAPD board),and it sends HO request messages carrying target cell CGI to MPU of BSC
once finds suitable target.Then according to CGI, MPU ascertains the module number of
the cell in Cell Module Information Table.

5.MPU sends a HO request message to the module and counts ‘Outgoing HO request’
one time.
 Course Contents

 Importance Parameter in Idle Mode

 Handover and Handover Parameter

 Frequently Changed Parameter

 Parameter Confirm for New Site

 Frequently Changed Parameter

 Demo by Por

 Change BCCH, TCH, BSIC

 Change FH, Power, Nbr Relation

 Course Contents

 Importance Parameter in Idle Mode

 Handover and Handover Parameter

 Frequently Changed Parameter

 Parameter Confirm for New Site

 Parameter Confirm for New Sites

 Default Parameter After Add New Site

 Attached File:

Parameter Confirm for Maintenance Staff.xls

Thanks and Summary