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Approximate Analysis of Indeterminate Structures
Approximate Analysis of Indeterminate Structures
APPROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF
INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES
4. APPROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF
INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES
• 4.1 INTRODUCTION
• 4.2 INDETERMINATE TRUSS ANALYSIS
• 4.3 VERTICAL LOADS ON BUILDING FRAMES
• 4.4 PORTALS AND TRUSSED FRAME STRUCTURES -
VERTICAL AND LATERAL LOADS
• 4.5 LATERAL LOADS ON BUILDING FRAMES -
METHOD I - PORTAL FRAME METHOD
METHOD II - CANTILEVER FRAME METHOD
4. INTRODUCTION
• Building frames often consist of girders that are rigidly connected to columns so
that the entire structure is better able to resist the effects of lateral forces
generated due to wind and earthquake forces. Most of the simplifying
assumptions made to reduce a frame from an indeterminate structure to one that
is statically determinate depends on the way that the structure deforms under the
given loads
• Assumptions: (a) There is zero moment in the horizontal beam girder at a
distance of 0.1L from the left and right supports; and (b) The girder does not
support any axial force
4.4 PORTALS AND TRUSSED FRAME STRUCTURES -
VERTICAL AND LATERAL LOADS
• When a portal is used to span large distances, a truss may be used in place of
the top horizontal girder - Such structures are used for large bridges, large
auditoriums and industrial structures such as mill bents, ware houses, and
others (as transverse frames)
• In all cases, the suspended truss is assumed to be pin connected at its point of
attachment to the columns
• Furthermore, the truss is assumed to keep the columns straight within the
region of attachment, when the portal is subjected to a side-sway .
• For pin-supported columns, assume that the horizontal reactions are equal
• For fully fixed-supported columns, assume that the horizontal reactions are
equal and an inflection point occurs on each column, midway between the base
of the column and the lowest point of truss member connection to the frame -
For partially fixed-supported columns (at bottom), the inflection points occur
on columns at one-third height from the base
4.5 LATERAL LOADS ON BUILDING FRAMES